STRINGSTRING
shg shg Gli Gli robo1 robo1 unc-5 unc-5 sqh sqh Pi3K92E Pi3K92E Fhos Fhos Diap1 Diap1 chico chico LRR LRR Rac1 Rac1 sli sli aop aop par-1 par-1 slmb slmb Sema2b Sema2b robo2 robo2 Sema1a Sema1a spri spri Hrb27C Hrb27C Dscam1 Dscam1 tai tai mbc mbc bsk bsk Pvr Pvr kis kis kay kay ena ena Pvf3 Pvf3 peb peb Hrs Hrs Rme-8 Rme-8 egr egr ths ths fra fra Orc3 Orc3 Sema2a Sema2a Sema1b Sema1b ttk ttk CG33111 CG33111 InR InR htl htl Akt1 Akt1 puc puc Ama Ama spi spi Catsup Catsup kuz kuz grk grk Pvf2 Pvf2 Uev1A Uev1A vn vn Cbl Cbl Sema5c Sema5c Krn Krn Pvf1 Pvf1 sl sl hep hep Tie Tie slbo slbo vir vir Egfr Egfr
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
shgDE-cadherin; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. In connecting cells they preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. During oogenesis, integral component of the guidance mechanisms that regulate the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Functions downstream of the two chemoattractant receptors, Pvr and Egfr, to promote BC adhesion between the leader cells of the migrating cluster and the surroundi [...] (1507 aa)
GliGliotactin, isoform A; Gliotactin (Gli) encodes a transmembrane protein localized at tricellular junctions that is necessary for septate junction and permeability barrier formation. (956 aa)
robo1Roundabout 1 (robo1) encodes a member of the Robo receptor family that uses the secreted glycoprotein encoded by sli as ligand and the products of Sdc and Dscam1 as co-receptors. It contributes to axon guidance and dendrite morphogenesis as well as regulating trachea and heart tube development. (1395 aa)
unc-5Netrin receptor unc-5; Receptor for netrin required for motor axon guidance. Mediates both short- and long-range axon motor repulsion in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Also involved in glial migration. While short-range repulsion requires both fra and unc-5, long-range repulsion only requires unc-5. (1072 aa)
sqhSpaghetti squash (sqh) encodes the regulatory light chain of the nonmuscle type 2 myosin. Its phosphorylation through the Rho-Rho Kinase pathway is predicted to activate myosin motor activity. The product of sqh and myosin function in cellular processes such as cytokinesis, and also contribute to tissue morphogenesis. (174 aa)
Pi3K92EPhosphoinositide 3-kinase, Dp110; Pi3K92E (Pi3K92E) encodes the catalytic subunit of a class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase that functions downstream of the product of InR and other receptors during several processes, including cell and tissue growth; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (1088 aa)
FhosFormin homology 2 domain containing (Fhos) encodes a protein that regulates actin-dependent remodeling of muscle cytoskeleton via induction of actin stress fibers, directs macrophage migration during cellular immune response, and is involved in autophagic programmed cell death. (2528 aa)
Diap1Death-associated inhibitor of apoptosis 1; Anti-apoptotic protein which functions as a caspase regulator, using its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity to smother caspase activity. Binds, ubiquitinates and inactivates initiator caspase Dronc, and effector caspases Drice and Dcp-1. Acts as a Nedd8- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase for Drice. Suppresses apoptosis by targeting the apoptosome for ubiquitination and inactivation. Plays an important role in cell motility. Overexpression suppresses rpr and hid- dependent cell death in the eye. Interaction of Diap1 with Dronc is required to suppre [...] (438 aa)
chicoInsulin receptor substrate 1; Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit (By similarity). May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin-like peptides. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to various cellular proteins containing SH2 domains. Involved in control of cell proliferation, cell size, and body and organ growth throughout development. Also has a role in a signaling pathway controlling the physiological response required to endure periods of low nutrient conditions. Insulin/insulin-like growth fac [...] (968 aa)
LRRLeucine-rich repeat, isoform F; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) encodes a protein that contributes to the response to insecticides. It regulates the immune response and NIK/NF-kappaB signaling. (1486 aa)
Rac1Ras-related protein Rac1; During various developmental processes, regulates changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. During oogenesis, mediates signaling from the tyrosine kinase (RTK) chemoattractant receptors (Egfr and Pvr) to the guidance pathway that control the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Once activating by Pvr and Egfr, promotes the formation of forward-directed actin protrusions which stabilize the DE- cadherin (shg)-mediated adhesions. In turn, DE-mediated adhesion bet [...] (192 aa)
sliSlit (sli) encodes a secreted glycoprotein that acts as a ligand for the Robo receptor family and co-receptors, including the products of Sdc and Dscam1. The product of sli functions as second messenger (via Abl) and receptor dependent, providing repellent (neural growth cone), attractive (trachea), and polarising (cardioblasts) cues for differentiating cells. (2157 aa)
aopEts DNA-binding protein pokkuri; Anterior open (aop) encodes a transcriptional repressor of the ETS family. It acts downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling to regulate cell fate transitions critical to the development of many tissues including the nervous system, heart, trachea and eye. (732 aa)
par-1Par-1 (par-1) encodes a protein kinase involved in multiple processes, including microtubule cytoskeleton organization, axis specification and cell polarity. It regulates hippo signaling and osk mRNA localization. (1170 aa)
slmbSupernumerary limbs (slmb) encodes an essential, conserved F-box protein and a component of the SCF (Skp/Cullin/F-box) E3 ubiquitin-ligase, providing substrate specificity to the SCF. It negatively regulates multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes by promoting the proteasome-mediated degradation or cleavage of its targets, including the products of arm and ci (Wg and Hh signaling), SAK, per and Cap-H2. (597 aa)
Sema2bSemaphorin 2b (Sema2b) encodes a member of the Semaphorins family, which are membrane and secreted short-range signaling proteins. The product of Sema2b contributes to the regulation of axon and dendrite guidance as well as cell-matrix adhesion. (824 aa)
robo2Roundabout 2 (robo2) encodes a member of the Robo receptor family that responds to the ligand encoded by sli as a repulsive cue in axons, dendrites, muscles, trachea and heart development. It can also inhibit robo1 signaling, likely explaining why the product of robo2 can appear to be an attractive receptor in certain contexts. (1519 aa)
Sema1aSemaphorin-1A; Semaphorin 1a (Sema1a) encodes a transmembrane protein belonging to the semaphorin protein family. It is a repulsive axon guidance cue, signaling through direct interactions with the receptor encoded by PlexA, and also functions as a receptor to regulate dendrite targeting and axon guidance. Secreted semaphorins encoded by Sema2a and Sema2b can act as the product of Sema1a ligands. (1131 aa)
spriProtein sprint; Potential Ras effector protein. May function as a guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF), by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP (By similarity); Belongs to the RIN (Ras interaction/interference) family. (2043 aa)
Hrb27CHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein 27C; This protein is a component of ribonucleosomes. Could be needed to organize a concentration gradient of a dorsalizing morphogen (Dm) originating in the germinal vesicle. (421 aa)
Dscam1Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1, isoform BX; Identical protein binding; antigen binding; protein homodimerization activity; axon guidance receptor activity; cell-cell adhesion mediator activity. (2038 aa)
taiTaiman, isoform G; Taiman (tai) encodes an ecdysone receptor co-activator related to mammalian steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) proteins. It contributes to border cell migration. (2047 aa)
mbcMyoblast city (mbc) encodes an unconventional bipartite GEF that, in combination with the product of Ced-12, activates the monomeric GTPase encoded by Rac1. It contributes to myoblast fusion, border cell migration and dorsal closure; Belongs to the DOCK family. (2008 aa)
bskStress-activated protein kinase JNK; Responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as Jra and also the transcriptional repressor aop, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. Component of the immune response activated by bacterial infection, and is involved in wound healing and in dorsal closure, a morphogenetic movement during embryogenesis. Functions in the systematic response to wounding acting downstream of the Hayan-phenoloxidase PPO1 cascade. Exhibits cytoprotective activity in neuronal c [...] (372 aa)
PvrReceptor protein-tyrosine kinase; PDGF- and VEGF-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (encoded by Pvf1, Pvf2 or Pvf3). It is involved in cell migration regulation and it has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1, Rho family small GTPases and the JNK cascade, in a context-dependent manner. (1577 aa)
kisKismet, isoform C; Kismet (kis) encodes a chromodomain containing ATP-dependent transcription factor that controls gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. The roles of the product of kis include developmental patterning of the embryo, cell proliferation, eye development, synaptic transmission, axonal pruning, and memory. (5517 aa)
kayTranscription factor kayak, isoforms A/B/F; Developmentally regulated transcription factor AP-1 binds and recognizes the enhancer DNA sequence: 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. May play a role in the function or determination of a particular subset of cells in the developing embryo. It is able to carry out its function either independently of or in conjunction with Jra. Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily. (755 aa)
enaEnabled (ena) encodes the sole Drosophila member of the Ena/VASP family. It acts as a processive actin polymerase, stimulating actin addition at the barbed end. It has roles in both epithelial morphogenesis and CNS pathfinding. (980 aa)
Pvf3PDGF- and VEGF-related factor 3 (Pvf3) encodes a ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by Pvr. It has roles in embryonic plasmatocyte survival and migration, and in the proliferation of adult midgut intestinal stem cells; Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. (651 aa)
pebPebbled, isoform A; Pebbled (peb) encodes a protein that acts as a tissue-specific transcriptional attenuator. It contributes to embryonic morphogenesis and development of ovary, retina and respiratory system. (1894 aa)
HrsHepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate; Essential role in endosome membrane invagination and formation of multivesicular bodies, MVBs. Required during gastrulation and appears to regulate early embryonic signaling pathways. Inhibits tyrosine kinase receptor signaling by promoting degradation of the tyrosine-phosphorylated, active receptor, potentially by sorting activated receptors into MVBs. The MVBs are then trafficked to the lysosome where their contents are degraded. (760 aa)
Rme-8Receptor mediated endocytosis 8 (Rme-8) encodes a protein involved in the regulation of border follicle cell migration and the endocytosis of the receptor encoded by N. (2408 aa)
egrProtein eiger, membrane form; Cytokine which acts as a ligand for wgn. Also acts as a ligand for grnd. Induces apoptosis by triggering JNK signaling. Required for JNK-dependent non-autonomous apoptosis through release from apoptotic cells and activation of apoptosis in neighboring cells. Required for JNK-independent damage-induced apoptosis in the embryonic central nervous system through regulation of the pro-apoptotic gene hid. Involved in the innate immune response to extracellular pathogens. Plays a role in the melanization immune response through its involvement in the rupture of c [...] (415 aa)
thsThisbe, isoform A; Thisbe (ths) encodes is a Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and ligand for the FGF receptor encoded by htl. It regulates the development of somatic and visceral muscle in the mesoderm, cardioblasts and glial cells. Its roles include acting as a chemoattractant in directional cell migration, and regulating adhesion, differentiation, and cell survival. (748 aa)
fraFrazzled, isoform A; Frazzled (fra) encodes a DCC-like Netrin receptor that mediates axon guidance. It also contributes to dendrite guidance, development and morphogenesis. (1526 aa)
Orc3Origin recognition complex subunit 3 (Orc3) encodes a subunit of the origin recognition complex. It is involved in DNA replication initiation and border follicle cell migration regulation. (721 aa)
Sema2aSemaphorin-2A; Semaphorin 2a (Sema2a) encodes a secreted member of the semaphorin protein family. It utilizes the receptor encoded by PlexB to mediate both repulsive and attractive axon guidance. It also utilizes the transmembrane semaphorin encoded by Sema1a as a receptor for dendrite process guidance. (724 aa)
Sema1bChemorepellent activity; semaphorin receptor binding; Belongs to the semaphorin family. (770 aa)
ttkProtein tramtrack, alpha isoform; Binds to a number of sites in the transcriptional regulatory region of ftz. Isoform alpha is required to repress genes that promote the R7 cell fate. Probable repressor of the transcription of the segmentation genes ftz, eve, h, odd, run, and en. May bind to the region 5'-AGGG[CT]GG-3'. Degradation of ttk is directed by binding of sinah or sina, via the adapter molecule phyl which binds to the BTB domain of ttk. (813 aa)
CG33111FI03658p. (515 aa)
InRInsulin-like receptor subunit beta 1; Has a ligand-stimulated tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Required for cell survival. Regulates body size and organ size by altering cell number and cell size in a cell-autonomous manner. Involved in the development of the embryonic nervous system, and is necessary for axon guidance and targeting in the visual system. Also plays a role in life-span determination. (2144 aa)
htlFibroblast growth factor receptor homolog 1; Heartless (htl) encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor for secreted FGF ligands that utilizes the intracellular Ras-MAP kinase pathway. It contributes to embryonic mesoderm migration and the specification of several mature mesodermal cell derivatives; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Fibroblast growth factor receptor subfamily. (729 aa)
Akt1RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine kinase involved in various developmental processes. During early embryogenesis, acts as a survival protein. During mid-embryogenesis, phosphorylates and activates trh, a transcription factor required for tracheal cell fate determination. Also regulates tracheal cell migration. Later in development, acts downstream of PI3K and Pk61C/PDK1 in the insulin receptor transduction pathway which regulates cell growth and organ size, by phosphorylating and antagonizing FOXO transcription factor. Controls follicle cell size during oogenesis. M [...] (611 aa)
pucPuckered, isoform A; Puckered (puc) encodes a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that mediates a feedback loop that regulates the Jun-N-terminal kinase pathway. (476 aa)
AmaProtein amalgam. (341 aa)
spiProtein spitz; Ligand for the EGF receptor (Gurken). Involved in a number of unrelated developmental choices, for example, dorsal-ventral axis formation, glial migration, sensory organ determination, and muscle development. It is required for photoreceptor determination. (234 aa)
CatsupProtein catecholamines up; Negatively regulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity; Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family. KE4/Catsup subfamily. (449 aa)
kuzKuzbanian, isoform A; Kuzbanian (kuz) encodes an ADAM metalloendopeptidase that regulates activation of the receptors encoded by N and robo1 by cleavage. (1238 aa)
grkProtein gurken; Critical for defining the anterior-posterior and dorsal- ventral axes of the egg. May signal directly to dorsal follicle cells through the receptor torpedo (top). During oogenesis this signaling pathway instructs follicle cells to follow a dorsal pathway of development rather than the default ventral pathway. (295 aa)
Pvf2PDGF- and VEGF-related factor 2 (Pvf2) encodes a ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase enocded by Pvr. It has roles in embryonic plasmatocyte survival and migration, and in the proliferation of adult midgut intestinal stem cells. (405 aa)
Uev1AUbiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant 1A (Uev1A) encodes a conserved protein that contributes to ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity, but not catalytically, since it lacks the conserved cysteine residue essential for ubiquitin conjugation. It regulates genomic integrity, IMD pathway-mediated innate immunity, JNK-pathway mediated cell death and tumor invasion. (145 aa)
vnVein (vn) encodes a secreted neuregulin-like EGFR ligand. It has weaker intrinsic activity, and a lower receptor affinity, than the TGFalpha-like ligand encoded by spi. It has roles in growth and patterning of tissues including muscle, midgut, ovary, trachea, glia, eye, leg, and wing. (623 aa)
CblCbl proto-oncogene (Cbl) encodes an E3 protein-ubiquitin ligase for protein post-translational modification in RTK signaling (EGFR, VEGFR, FGF, and RET families) and non-RTK signaling (Src family). After the ubiquitination mediated by the product of Cbl, the substrates will be targeted to protein degradation for controlling cell growth, survival, migration and inflammation. (878 aa)
Sema5cSemaphorin 5c (Sema5c) encodes a member of the Semaphorins family, which are membrane and secreted short-range signaling proteins. The product of Sema5c is involved in olfactory behavior. (1093 aa)
KrnLD34429p; Keren (Krn) encodes an ligand for the receptor encoded by Egfr that is processed by the products of S and rho. It shows a redundant role with the products of spi in very few tissues. (217 aa)
Pvf1PDGF- and VEGF-related factor 1 (Pvf1) encodes a PDGF- and VEGF-related factor that binds to and activates the receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by Pvr. It is involved in cell migration regulation and it has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1, Rho family small GTPases and the JNK cascade, in a context-dependent manner; Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. (325 aa)
sl1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma; Small wing (sl) encodes a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholiase type C that is required as a general modulator for growth downstream of the insulin pathway, and interacts with the Ras-MAPK pathway. (1236 aa)
hepDual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase hemipterous; Required for the epithelial cell sheet movement called dorsal closure (DC), which allows establishment of the dorsal epidermis. Controls the expression in the dorsal epithelium edges of another dorsal closure gene, puckered (puc). Phosphorylates and activates the MAP kinase bsk; bsk signal transduction pathway mediates an immune response and morphogenesis; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily. (1178 aa)
TieTie-like receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie) encodes a predicted transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. Its potential ligands for include Pvf protein family members. It may be involved in cell survival and cell migration. (1233 aa)
slboCCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; Slow border cells (slbo) encodes an essential transcriptional activator. Although null mutants are lethal, female-sterile alleles exhibit a specific defect in border cell migration during ovarian development. In this context, Jak/STAT signaling controls slbo expression, which in turn regulates hundreds of downstream targets including the product of shg. (449 aa)
virProtein virilizer; Associated component of the WMM complex, a complex that mediates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of mRNAs, a modification that plays a role in the efficiency of mRNA splicing and is required for sex determination. Required for sex determination and dosage compensation via Sxl alternative splicing: m6A methylation acts as a key regulator of Sxl pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing of Sxl, which determines female physiognomy. M6A methylation is also required for neuronal functions. Required for proper inclusion of regulated exons in Ubx trans [...] (1854 aa)
EgfrEpidermal growth factor receptor; Binds to four ligands: Spitz, Gurken, Vein and Argos, which is an antagonist. Transduces the signal through the ras-raf-MAPK pathway. Involved in a myriad of developmental decisions. Critical for the proliferation of imaginal tissues, and for the determination of both the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral polarities of the oocyte. In the embryo, plays a role in the establishment of ventral cell fates, maintenance of amnioserosa and ventral neuroectodermal cells, germ band retraction, cell fate specification in the central nervous system and production [...] (1426 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
Server load: low (18%) [HD]