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| | sl | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma; Small wing (sl) encodes a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholiase type C that is required as a general modulator for growth downstream of the insulin pathway, and interacts with the Ras-MAPK pathway. (1236 aa) |
| | cno | Canoe, isoform E; Canoe (cno) encodes a scaffold protein in adherens junctions that is involved in morphogenesis in a variety of tissues. (2051 aa) |
| | ATPsynD | ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the cent [...] (178 aa) |
| | ksr | Kinase suppressor of ras (ksr) encodes a MAP-kinase scaffold protein. It mediates the activation of the serine/threonine kinase encoded by Dsor1. (966 aa) |
| | Pde8 | High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes (By similarity). Involved in the positive regulation of MAP kinase signaling and in inhibiting oxidative stress-induced cell death. (1050 aa) |
| | Raf | Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase Raf; Serine/threonine kinase required in the early embryo for the formation of terminal structure. Also required during the proliferation of imaginal cells. May act downstream of Ras85D in the tor signal transduction pathway. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily. (739 aa) |
| | ics | Icarus, isoform A; Icarus (ics) encodes RSU1 (Ras suppressor 1), an adapter protein that participates in integrin-dependent processes by interacting with the integrin effector protein encoded by stck. (283 aa) |
| | CG7378 | Dual specificity protein phosphatase; Dual specificity phosphatase able to dephosphorylate phosphotyrosine, phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues, with a preference for phosphotyrosine as a substrate. Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class dual specificity subfamily. (235 aa) |
| | HUWE1 | Uncharacterized protein, isoform H; Ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein ubiquitination; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; protein polyubiquitination; dsRNA transport. (5151 aa) |
| | raw | Raw, isoform A; Raw (raw) encodes a membrane protein involved in dendrite patterning and the subcellular localization of JNK signalling components. (989 aa) |
| | cnk | Connector enhancer of KSR protein CNK; Enzyme regulator activity; MAP-kinase scaffold activity; receptor tyrosine kinase binding; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase binding; protein binding. (1557 aa) |
| | Lnk | Lnk, isoform D; Lnk (Lnk) encodes a member of the SH2B family of adaptor proteins. It functions within the insulin signalling pathway as an intracellular adaptor for the insulin receptor. It stabilises the interaction between the activated insulin receptor and the insulin receptor substrate, which are encoded by InR and chico respectively. (728 aa) |
| | CG11539 | N-acetyltransferase 9-like protein; Transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein acetylation; histone acetylation; Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GNAT subfamily. (200 aa) |
| | Src42A | Tyrosine-protein kinase Src42A; Required directly or indirectly for the phosphorylation of drpr which is necessary for the interaction of drpr with shark and subsequent glial phagocytic activity. Together with drpr and shark, promotes the migration of macrophages to sites of wounding as part of a signaling cascade where Scr42a detects production of hydrogen peroxide at wound sites which triggers phosphorylation of drpr and subsequent recruitment and activation of shark. Essential for correct eye morphogenesis (ommatidial R7 neuron formation) which requires the Ras1/MAPK signal transduc [...] (1597 aa) |
| | CG44085 | Uncharacterized protein, isoform O; MAP-kinase scaffold activity. (2381 aa) |
| | Pak | P21-activated kinase (Pak) encodes a serine/threonine effector kinase for the small GTPases Rac and the product of Cdc42 involved in cytoskeletal regulation. The product of Pak contributes to growth cone guidance, synaptic development, and epithelial morphogenesis in both the ovary and embryo. (840 aa) |
| | S6kII | Ribosomal protein S6 kinase II (S6kII) encodes a protein that functions as a downstream effector and regulator of the MAP kinase pathway. It is involved in MAP kinase regulated developmental processes, organization of the neuromuscular junction and adult behavior including circadian rhythm and learning. (911 aa) |
| | Cln3 | Battenin. (422 aa) |
| | Diap1 | Death-associated inhibitor of apoptosis 1; Anti-apoptotic protein which functions as a caspase regulator, using its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity to smother caspase activity. Binds, ubiquitinates and inactivates initiator caspase Dronc, and effector caspases Drice and Dcp-1. Acts as a Nedd8- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase for Drice. Suppresses apoptosis by targeting the apoptosome for ubiquitination and inactivation. Plays an important role in cell motility. Overexpression suppresses rpr and hid- dependent cell death in the eye. Interaction of Diap1 with Dronc is required to suppre [...] (438 aa) |
| | jeb | Jelly belly (jeb) encodes a secreted, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) repeat containing protein that functions as signalling ligand for the product of Alk. Binding of the ligand to its receptor activates intracellular Ras/ERK and PI3K signalling pathways. The roles of the product of jeb include embryonic visceral muscle development, growth and organ size regulation, retinal axon targeting, modulation of neuromuscular transmission as well as sleep regulation and olfactory learning. (560 aa) |
| | sNPF-R | Short neuropeptide F receptor (sNPF-R) encodes the G-protein-coupled receptor for the neuropeptide ligand encoded by sNPF, which utilizes the intracelluar ERK pathway or PKA-CREB pathway. It contributes to the regulation of growth, food intake, food-search behavior, appetitive memory, and sleep. (600 aa) |
| | step | Steppke, isoform C; Steppke (step) encodes a member of the cytohesin family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which regulate small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family. It contributes to multiple signaling pathways, such as Egfr, MAPK, PI3K and insulin signaling. It is involved in wing and eye development, germ cell segregation and cell growth. (727 aa) |
| | grnd | Grindelwald (grnd) encodes a receptor of the TNF superfamily ligand encoded by egr, which activates the intracellular JNK pathway. It is involved in apoptosis and neoplastic growth. (241 aa) |
| | crc | Cryptocephal, isoform A; Cryptocephal (crc) encodes a protein that belongs to a member of the CREB/ATF family of basic-leucine zipper transcription factors. It serves as an coactivator of the product EcR of to promote expression the molting peptide hormone encoded by ETH. It also acts as an unfolded protein response transcription factor to regulate glycolytic genes in response to ER stress. (381 aa) |
| | Alk | Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Alk) encodes a protein that employs Ras/ERK and PI3K signalling pathways to function in multiple contexts including embryonic visceral muscle development, growth and organ size regulation, retinal axon targeting, modulation of neuromuscular transmission as well as sleep regulation and olfactory learning. Its ligand is the secreted protein encoded by jeb. (1701 aa) |
| | hpo | Serine/threonine-protein kinase hippo; Plays a key role in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits the act [...] (669 aa) |
| | Rac1 | Ras-related protein Rac1; During various developmental processes, regulates changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. During oogenesis, mediates signaling from the tyrosine kinase (RTK) chemoattractant receptors (Egfr and Pvr) to the guidance pathway that control the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Once activating by Pvr and Egfr, promotes the formation of forward-directed actin protrusions which stabilize the DE- cadherin (shg)-mediated adhesions. In turn, DE-mediated adhesion bet [...] (192 aa) |
| | fmt | Fiery mountain, isoform D; Protein phosphatase regulator activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity; negative regulation of JNK cascade. (996 aa) |
| | sgg | Protein kinase shaggy; Required for several developmental events such as syncytial blastoderm formation and embryonic segmentation. Is involved in transcriptional regulation. Required for arm phosphorylation. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the sgg repression of en autoactivation. Negatively controls the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) growth in presynaptic motoneurons. Plays a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and actin cytoskeleton during embryogenesis. Required for phosphorylation of sra in activated eggs. Essential for completion of meiosis, possibly by triggering c [...] (1168 aa) |
| | cpb | Capping protein beta (cpb) encodes an actin-binding protein that, together with cpa, binds to the fast growing ends of actin filaments, restricting the addition or loss of actin monomers. It restricts JNK signaling, modulates Hippo signaling, maintains epithelial integrity and neuronal homeostasis, controls proliferation/apoptosis in wing imaginal discs, and promotes oogenesis. (276 aa) |
| | Rab3-GEF | MAP kinase-activating death domain protein; Plays significant role in regulating cell proliferation, survival and death through alternative mRNA splicing. Plays an important regulatory role in physiological cell death, caspase-mediated apoptosis (By similarity). Converts GDP-bound inactive form of Rab3 to the GTP-bound active forms. (2154 aa) |
| | PSR | Bifunctional arginine demethylase and lysyl-hydroxylase PSR; Dioxygenase that can both act as a histone arginine demethylase and a lysyl-hydroxylase. (441 aa) |
| | spg | Sponge, isoform E; Sponge (spg) encodes a DOCK family RhoGEF involved in nervous system development and regulation of signaling pathways; Belongs to the DOCK family. (2187 aa) |
| | Mkp3 | Dual specificity protein phosphatase Mpk3; Negatively regulates the activity of members of the MAP kinase family in response to changes in the cellular environment. Has a specificity for the ERK family. Acts as negative regulator in a variety of developmental processes including cell differentiation and proliferation controlled by the Ras/ERK pathway. Suppresses the photoreceptor cell differentiation and wing vein formation. Required for proper oogenesis and early embryogenesis. Functions autonomously in a subset of photoreceptor progenitor cells in eye imaginal disks. Appears also to [...] (497 aa) |
| | Pak3 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase; Pak3 (Pak3) encodes a Ser/Thr kinase implicated in myoblast fusion, synapse development, wound healing and border cell migration. It functions downstream of the small Rac GTPases to regulate actin cytoskeletal organization. (583 aa) |
| | Atg9 | Autophagy-related protein 9; Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Plays a key role in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS), the nucleating site for formation of the sequestering vesicle. Belongs to the ATG9 family. (852 aa) |
| | Spred | Sprouty-related protein with EVH-1 domain, isoform C; Protein kinase binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: multicellular organism development; negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. (519 aa) |
| | Cdc42 | Cdc42 (Cdc42) encodes a GTPase signaling protein that acts as a molecular switch and functions as key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. It plays a central role in diverse biological processes including actin cytoskeleton organization, mophogenesis, hemocyte migration, cell polarity, and wound repair. (191 aa) |
| | ben | Bendless (ben) encodes an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. It plays essential roles in multiple processes such as synaptic growth and maturation, axon guidance, innate immunity, genomic integrity, tumor growth, cell invasion, apoptosis, long-term memory and escape response. (151 aa) |
| | Cka | Connector of kinase to AP-1, isoform E; Protein binding. (749 aa) |
| | mbc | Myoblast city (mbc) encodes an unconventional bipartite GEF that, in combination with the product of Ced-12, activates the monomeric GTPase encoded by Rac1. It contributes to myoblast fusion, border cell migration and dorsal closure; Belongs to the DOCK family. (2008 aa) |
| | Tao | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Tao; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which regulates the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (yki) oncoprotein. In imaginal cells, pho [...] (1039 aa) |
| | slpr | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase; Activates the JUN N-terminal pathway during dorsal closure. (1155 aa) |
| | Rap1 | Ras-related protein Rap1; Rap1 GTPase (Rap1) encodes a small GTPase in the Ras superfamily. When GTP bound, it binds to a number of different effectors, one of which is the product of scno. Together they regulate many morphogenetic movements including mesoderm invagination and dorsal closure, help establish apical-basal polarity during cellularization, regulate macrophage migration, help define neuroblast asymmetric division, and play a role in planar cell polarity in the imaginal discs. (184 aa) |
| | MAPk-Ak2 | MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2; Its physiological substrate seems to be the small heat shock protein (HSP27/HSP25); Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (359 aa) |
| | Pvr | Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase; PDGF- and VEGF-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (encoded by Pvf1, Pvf2 or Pvf3). It is involved in cell migration regulation and it has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1, Rho family small GTPases and the JNK cascade, in a context-dependent manner. (1577 aa) |
| | Alg-2 | Apoptosis-linked gene-2; Calcium ion binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: positive regulation of JNK cascade. (178 aa) |
| | Kcmf1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Kcmf1; Has intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and promotes ubiquitination. Involved in the negative regulation of the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway in the wing by acting with the E2 enzyme Unc6 and the putative E3 ligases poe and Ufd4 to mediate the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of rl/MAPK. (599 aa) |
| | Ask1 | Apoptotic signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) encodes a serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the MAPK kinase kinase family. In response to various stresses, it phosphorylates MAPK kinases in JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, inducing cellular stress responses including cell death and immune responses. (1363 aa) |
| | Urm1 | Ubiquitin-related modifier 1 homolog; Acts as a sulfur carrier required for 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of cytosolic tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln) (By similarity). Serves as sulfur donor in tRNA 2- thiolation reaction by being thiocarboxylated (-COSH) at its C-terminus by MOCS3 (By similarity). The sulfur is then transferred to tRNA to form 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U (By similarity). Also acts as a ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) that is covalently conjugated via an isopeptide bond to lysine residues of target proteins such as Jafrac1, Ciao1, Eip71CD and GIL [...] (101 aa) |
| | Vav | Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Vav) encodes a protein that belongs to the Dbl GEF superfamily. It functions as a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the product of Rac1 and an adaptor protein. Both activities are activated by direct tyrosine phosphorylation. (1001 aa) |
| | Mnn1 | Menin 1 (Mnn1) encodes a protein that regulates the response of several stresses including hypoxia, hyperosmolarity, heat shock, and oxidative stress. It is important during the mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint in a process mediated by the product of CHES-1-like. (763 aa) |
| | SkpA | SKP1-related A (SkpA) encodes a subunit of Skp, Cullin, F-box (SCF)-containing ubiquitin ligase complexes. It regulates centrosome duplication, chromatin condensation, cell cycle progression, cell polarity, dendrite pruning and endoreduplication. (162 aa) |
| | rdx | Protein roadkill; Involved in segment polarity. In complex with gft/CUL3, promotes ubiquitination of ci and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome, which results in hh signaling attenuation. This regulation may be important during eye formation for proper packing of ommatidia into a hexagonal array. (829 aa) |
| | peb | Pebbled, isoform A; Pebbled (peb) encodes a protein that acts as a tissue-specific transcriptional attenuator. It contributes to embryonic morphogenesis and development of ovary, retina and respiratory system. (1894 aa) |
| | DopEcR | Dopamine/Ecdysteroid receptor (DopEcR) encodes a GPCR that shows ligand-biased activation. It can be activated by dopamine to increase cyclic AMP levels and by the insect steroid ecdysone to activate the MAPKinase pathway. It is widely expressed in the nervous system and can modulate a wide variety of complex behaviors including male courtship, locomotion, the response to stressful social interactions and the regulation of appetite. (322 aa) |
| | Crk | Adapter molecule Crk; Adapter protein which interacts with C-terminal portion of mbc, homolog of human DOCK180. May play a role in cellular processes throughout development; Belongs to the CRK family. (271 aa) |
| | Dhx15 | DEAH-box helicase 15, isoform A; RNA helicase activity; RNA binding; ATP binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade; mRNA splicing, via spliceosome. (729 aa) |
| | tor | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor torso; Probable receptor tyrosine kinase which is required for determination of anterior and posterior terminal structures in the embryo. During postembryonic development, involved in the initiation of metamorphosis probably by inducing the production of ecdysone in response to prothoracicotropic hormone Ptth. Binding to Ptth stimulates activation of canonical MAPK signaling leading to ERK phosphorylation (By similarity). (923 aa) |
| | Wnt2 | Protein Wnt-2; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Segment polarity protein. May function in gonadogenesis and limb development. Wg and Wnt2 have a role in the developing trachea and together are responsible for all dorsal trunk formation. (352 aa) |
| | Mos | Mos oncogene (Mos) encodes a kinase that activates the MAPK cascade during oogenesis; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (364 aa) |
| | drk | Protein enhancer of sevenless 2B; Downstream of receptor kinase (drk) encodes an adaptor protein that recognizes phosphorylated tyrosine residues of membrane receptors and triggers the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. drk product contributes to the regulation of cytoskeletal organization and participates in developmental and cognitive processes (associative learning, anesthesia resistant memory). (211 aa) |
| | tum | Tumbleweed (tum) encodes a GTPase activating protein for Rho family GTPases involved in Wnt signalling regulation. (625 aa) |
| | ave | Protein aveugle; Required for normal photoreceptor differentiation between Ras and Raf for EGFR signaling in the eye and for mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Probably acts together with Cnk to promote Raf activation, perhaps by recruiting an activating kinase. (106 aa) |
| | Gbp1 | Growth-blocking peptide 1 (Gbp1) encodes a cytokine that regulates the humoral immune response. (118 aa) |
| | POSH | Plenty of SH3s (POSH) encodes a scaffold protein that regulates TNF-JNK signaling pathway. (838 aa) |
| | slim | Kelch domain-containing protein 10 homolog; Activates the Pk92B/DASK1-MAPK signaling cascade. (609 aa) |
| | hppy | Happyhour, isoform A; Happyhour (hppy) encodes the Drosophila orthologue of MAP4K3, a Ser/Thr Kinase belonging to the Germinal Center Kinase I family of Ste20-related kinases. The function of hppy has being linked to the Egfr, Hippo and Tor signalling pathways. (1218 aa) |
| | krz | Kurtz, isoform A; Kurtz (krz) encodes a beta-arrestin (non-visual arrestin) involved in the desensitization and endocytic internalization of G protein coupled receptors, thus downregulating their activity. It also controls other signaling pathways, including Notch, receptor tyrosine kinase, Hedgehog, and Toll. It is required maternally for normal embryonic patterning and zygotically for larval viability. (470 aa) |
| | alph | Alphabet, isoform E; Alphabet (alph) encodes a Ser/Thr phosphatase that regulates RAS/MAPK signaling. (374 aa) |
| | ALiX | ALG-2 interacting protein X (ALiX) encodes an adaptor protein implicated in multiple cellular processes, including positive regulation of mitotic cytokinesis, exosomal secretion and apoptosis. (836 aa) |
| | CG6036 | Protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity; magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity; magnesium ion binding; manganese ion binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein dephosphorylation; negative regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade. (371 aa) |
| | XNP | Transcriptional regulator ATRX homolog; XNP (XNP) encodes two protein isoforms that participate in the maintenance of heterochromatin and chromosomal stability. They interact with heterochromatin proteins such as those encoded by Su(var)205 and ADD1; Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. (1311 aa) |
| | Pebp1 | Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1; It is involved in the biological process described with: defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; regulation of antimicrobial humoral response. (176 aa) |
| | CG7054 | GH14779p. (179 aa) |
| | InR | Insulin-like receptor subunit beta 1; Has a ligand-stimulated tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Required for cell survival. Regulates body size and organ size by altering cell number and cell size in a cell-autonomous manner. Involved in the development of the embryonic nervous system, and is necessary for axon guidance and targeting in the visual system. Also plays a role in life-span determination. (2144 aa) |
| | Mekk1 | Mekk1, isoform B; Mekk1 (Mekk1) encodes a MAP kinase kinase kinase that regulates the stress response. It is required for resistance to several stresses, notably osmotic shock, and for the regulation of the activity of the product of Duox. (1571 aa) |
| | Ccm3 | Cerebral cavernous malformation 3 (Ccm3) encodes a small scaffolding protein that forms dimers with the product of GckIII. In the tracheal system, it is required specifically in terminal cells, and its loss is associated with tube dilation. (208 aa) |
| | Lkb1 | Lkb1 kinase (Lkb1) encodes a serine/threonine kinase that plays a master role for activating the AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) family kinases. It is a well-characterized tumor suppressor and regulates processes like cell polarity, metabolism, apoptosis, and cell growth. (567 aa) |
| | pont | RuvB-like helicase 1; Acts as a transcriptional coactivator in Wg signaling caused by altered arm signaling. Pont and rept interfere antagonistically with nuclear arm signaling function, and are required to enhance or reduce arm activity, respectively. Also an essential cofactor for the normal function of Myc; required for cellular proliferation and growth. (456 aa) |
| | Ras85D | Ras-like protein 1; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in eye development by regulating cell growth, survival of postmitotic ommatidial cells and differentiation of photoreceptor cells. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. (189 aa) |
| | M1BP | Motif 1 Binding Protein (M1BP) encodes a transcription pausing factor. It regulates gene transcription via interaction with the Hox proteins encoded by abd-A and Ubx. It contributes to the development of ovarian follicle cells. (418 aa) |
| | stck | LIM domain-containing protein; Steamer duck (stck) encodes PINCH, an adapter protein that directly binds and forms a complex with the products of Ilk and ics. PINCH is required for integrin-dependent cell adhesion and signaling. (348 aa) |
| | puc | Puckered, isoform A; Puckered (puc) encodes a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that mediates a feedback loop that regulates the Jun-N-terminal kinase pathway. (476 aa) |
| | CG10298 | GH28351p. (187 aa) |
| | CG17917 | Uncharacterized protein. (211 aa) |
| | sNPF | Short neuropeptide F precursor (sNPF) encodes a protein that binds to the product of sNPF-R and activates ERK-Dilps signaling or the PKA-CREB pathway. Its roles include the regulation of cell and organism growth, carbohydrate metabolism, lifespan, feeding behavior, locomotion, circadian rhythm, and sleep. (281 aa) |
| | Nf-YB | Nuclear factor Y-box B (Nf-YB) encodes a subunit of the nuclear transcription factor Y, which binds to the CCAAT box regulatory sequence. It regulates gene transcription and is involved in eye and thorax development. (156 aa) |
| | spi | Protein spitz; Ligand for the EGF receptor (Gurken). Involved in a number of unrelated developmental choices, for example, dorsal-ventral axis formation, glial migration, sensory organ determination, and muscle development. It is required for photoreceptor determination. (234 aa) |
| | CG6180 | GH25425p. (257 aa) |
| | Ced-12 | Ced-12 (Ced-12) encodes a protein that functions with Dock family members (encoded by mbc or spg) to regulate GTPase activity. It contributes to myoblast fusion, apoptotic cell engulfment, cell migration, and embryonic cellularization. (724 aa) |
| | Ufd4 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Ufd4; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (By similarity). Involved in the negative regulation of the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway in the wing by acting with the E2 enzyme Unc6 and the putative E3 ligases poe and Kcmf1 to mediate the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of rl/MAPK. (2727 aa) |
| | CYLD | Cylindromatosis, isoform D; Lys63-specific deubiquitinase activity; thiol-dependent ubiquitin-specific protease activity; ubiquitinyl hydrolase activity, acting on linear ubiquitin. (639 aa) |
| | poe | Protein purity of essence; Has a role in growth of the perineurial glial layer of the larval peripheral nerve. May have a role in male fertility and eye development or function. Involved in the negative regulation of the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway in the wing by acting with the E2 enzyme Unc6 and the putative E3 ligases Kcmf1 and Ufd4 to mediate the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of rl/MAPK. (5322 aa) |
| | smt3 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Smt3 (smt3) encodes the only Drosophila SUMO family protein. It is required for embryonic patterning and mitosis. It may also have roles in wing patterning, Dpp signaling, and Ras/MAPK signaling. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase and to the kinetochores and midbodies during mitosis; Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. (90 aa) |
| | Ubc6 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17 kDa; Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Required for postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA. Involved in the negative regulation of the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway in the wing by acting with the putative E3 ligases poe, Kcmf1 and Ufd4 to mediate the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of rl/MAPK ; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (151 aa) |
| | PEK | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase; Pancreatic eIF-2alpha kinase (PEK) encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane kinase and a component of the integrated stress response. During ER stress the product of PEK phosphorylates the translation initiation factor encoded by eIF2alpha resulting in the inhibition of most cap-dependent translation. This is especially important during the development of secretory tissues and the response to cellular stress; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GCN2 subfamily. (1162 aa) |
| | park | Parkin (park) encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase with a key role in protein ubiquitination. It is involved in mitochondrion organization, oxidative stress and locomotion; Belongs to the RBR family. Parkin subfamily. (482 aa) |
| | ebi | F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein ebi; F-box-like component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes; involved in R7 photoreceptor cell differentiation, cone cell development and neuronal cell cycle control. E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes mediate ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by participating in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk), a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation. Required to block the S phase entry in the peripheral [...] (700 aa) |
| | Traf4 | TNF-receptor-associated factor 4 (Traf4) encodes an adapter protein thought to bind the TNF receptor and activate downstream signaling. However, it also has TNF independent roles, especially with respect to morphogenesis. The product of Traf4 interacts with and localizes polarity and adherens junction proteins such as the products of baz and arm respectively. It is required for normal embryonic development, cell death, and cell growth. (486 aa) |
| | Tak1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; Component of a protein kinase signal transduction cascade. Mediator of TGF-beta signal transduction. Responsible for activation of the JNK MAPK pathway (basket, bsk and hemipterous, hep) in response to LPS. Component of the NF-kappa-B pathway; relish-mediated JNK inhibition involves proteasomal degradation of Tak1; certain targets of Relish that are induced during immune responses may facilitate destruction of Tak1 and switch off the JNK cascade. Participates in diverse roles such as control of cell shape and regulation of apoptosis. (678 aa) |
| | Uev1A | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant 1A (Uev1A) encodes a conserved protein that contributes to ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity, but not catalytically, since it lacks the conserved cysteine residue essential for ubiquitin conjugation. It regulates genomic integrity, IMD pathway-mediated innate immunity, JNK-pathway mediated cell death and tumor invasion. (145 aa) |
| | Usp47 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 47; Ubiquitin-specific protease that deubiquitinates target proteins to regulate different cellular and developmental pathways. Functions downstream of Dsor1/MEK to positively regulate the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. Likely to modulate the pathway during various cellular and developmental processes including rl/MAPK activation by the receptors InR, Egfr and sevenless/sev. Functions in the post-translational stabilization of rl/MAPK levels in a mechanism that is independent of rl activity and opposes the activity of the E2 enzyme Unc6 and the putati [...] (1556 aa) |
| | vn | Vein (vn) encodes a secreted neuregulin-like EGFR ligand. It has weaker intrinsic activity, and a lower receptor affinity, than the TGFalpha-like ligand encoded by spi. It has roles in growth and patterning of tissues including muscle, midgut, ovary, trachea, glia, eye, leg, and wing. (623 aa) |
| | syd | JNK-interacting protein 3; The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK-signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. May function as a regulator of vesicle transport, through interactions with the JNK-signaling components and motor proteins. Syd is required for efficient kinesin-I mediated axonal transport. (1227 aa) |
| | Cbl | Cbl proto-oncogene (Cbl) encodes an E3 protein-ubiquitin ligase for protein post-translational modification in RTK signaling (EGFR, VEGFR, FGF, and RET families) and non-RTK signaling (Src family). After the ubiquitination mediated by the product of Cbl, the substrates will be targeted to protein degradation for controlling cell growth, survival, migration and inflammation. (878 aa) |
| | aos | Protein giant-lens; Regulates cell determination; development of ommatidia and optic lobe. Is a signaling molecule involved in the process of axon pathfinding in the eye. Part of the Ras pathway regulating programmed cell death in pupal eyes; activated by lozenge (lz). Antagonist for the Egfr receptor (gurken). Inhibits Egfr signaling without interacting directly with the receptor, but instead by sequestering the Egfr- activating ligand spitz (spi). (444 aa) |
| | rpr | Cell death protein rpr; Reaper (rpr) encodes Reaper, Hid, Grim (RHG) protein. It contributes to the caspase dependent apoptosis by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic protein encoded by Diap1. (65 aa) |
| | CG14184 | FI16105p1; Molecular adaptor activity; guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. (180 aa) |
| | MKP-4 | Dual specificity protein phosphatase MPK-4; Dual specificity phosphatase; can dephosphorylate both phosphotyrosine and phosphoserine or phosphothreonine residues. May suppress bsk/JNK activation during the immune response. (387 aa) |
| | Pvf1 | PDGF- and VEGF-related factor 1 (Pvf1) encodes a PDGF- and VEGF-related factor that binds to and activates the receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by Pvr. It is involved in cell migration regulation and it has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1, Rho family small GTPases and the JNK cascade, in a context-dependent manner; Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. (325 aa) |
| | mbt | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK mbt; Involved in neurogenesis of the adult central nervous system, and together with Cdc42, regulates photoreceptor cell morphogenesis. Phosphorylates exogenous substrates when activated by Cdc42. (639 aa) |
| | Traf-like | TNF-receptor-associated factor-like, isoform A; Protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: positive regulation of lipophagy. (474 aa) |
| | hep | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase hemipterous; Required for the epithelial cell sheet movement called dorsal closure (DC), which allows establishment of the dorsal epidermis. Controls the expression in the dorsal epithelium edges of another dorsal closure gene, puckered (puc). Phosphorylates and activates the MAP kinase bsk; bsk signal transduction pathway mediates an immune response and morphogenesis; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily. (1178 aa) |
| | sty | Protein sprouty; Inhibitor of tracheal branching that restricts branch budding by antagonizing the BNL-FGF pathway (BNL: branchless, an fgf inducer of branching). Acts as an antagonist of EGFR-mediated signaling in the eye (where it is important for cell determination) midline glia, chordotonal organs, wing and ovarian follicle cells. (589 aa) |
| | Usp5 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase; Ubiquitin specific protease 5 (Usp5) encodes an essential enzyme that cleaves unanchored lysine48-linked polyubiquitin chains. It is involved in photoreceptor differentiation, neuron pathfinding and apoptosis. (827 aa) |
| | Strip | Striatin interacting protein, isoform B; Striatin interacting protein (Strip) encodes an intracellular protein and component of the STRIPAK PP2A protein complex. It is involved in Hippo signaling, endosome maturation, and microtubule regulation. (927 aa) |
| | msn | Misshapen, isoform A; Misshapen (msn) encodes a Sterile 20 MAP kinase kinase kinase. (1504 aa) |
| | Cdc37 | Hsp90 co-chaperone Cdc37; Co-chaperone that binds to numerous kinases and promotes their interaction with the Hsp90 complex, resulting in stabilization and promotion of their activity. Required for cytokinesis and chromosome segregation in mitosis and male meiosis. Belongs to the CDC37 family. (389 aa) |
| | Ptp61F | Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 61F; Non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase required for maintaining Dock in its non-phosphorylated state. (548 aa) |
| | Sac1 | Sac1 phosphatase (Sac1) encodes a lipid phosphatase that dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate to generate phosphatidylinositol. It is involved in dorsal closure, Hedgehog signaling and axon guidance. (592 aa) |
| | Aplip1 | JNK-interacting protein 1; The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. May function as a regulator of vesicle transport, through interactions with the JNK-signaling components and motor proteins (By similarity). (490 aa) |
| | sigmar | Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8-like protein; Salivary glands marred (sigmar) encodes a TNFAIP8-like (TIPE) protein family member. Its expression levels are responsive to the TNF ligand encoded by egr. The product of sigmar contribute to JNK signaling modulation, cytoskeletal remodeling and autophagy. (210 aa) |
| | PTP-ER | Protein tyrosine phosphatase-ERK/Enhancer of Ras1 (PTP-ER) encodes a phosphatase required for mitosis. It is involved in RAS/MAPK signaling regulation and eye development. (1377 aa) |
| | Egfr | Epidermal growth factor receptor; Binds to four ligands: Spitz, Gurken, Vein and Argos, which is an antagonist. Transduces the signal through the ras-raf-MAPK pathway. Involved in a myriad of developmental decisions. Critical for the proliferation of imaginal tissues, and for the determination of both the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral polarities of the oocyte. In the embryo, plays a role in the establishment of ventral cell fates, maintenance of amnioserosa and ventral neuroectodermal cells, germ band retraction, cell fate specification in the central nervous system and production [...] (1426 aa) |
| | cpa | Capping protein alpha (cpa) encodes an actin-binding protein that, along with the product of cpb, binds to the fast growing ends of actin filaments to restrict the addition or loss of actin monomers. It limits the nuclear translocation of the Hippo pathway mediator encoded by yki and restricts JNK signaling. It maintains epithelial integrity and controls the balance between proliferation and apoptosis in the wing imaginal disc. It plays important roles during oogenesis, as well as maintaining neuronal homeostasis. (286 aa) |
| | flw | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase beta isoform; Required for cell adhesion in non-muscle tissues and in maintenance of muscle attachment. Vital for larval development. Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily. (461 aa) |
| | Traf6 | TNF-receptor-associated factor 6 (Traf6) encodes a protein that belongs to a family of adaptor proteins involved in transducing downstream signaling by interacting with cell surface receptors. It mediates the pro-inflammatory effects of Toll and related receptor signaling, and the cell death induced by JNK activation via the product of egr. (475 aa) |
| | PpV | Protein phosphatase V (PpV) encodes the catalytic subunit of the protein phosphatase 6 (PP6), which negatively regulates JNK and AMPK signaling. PpV product is essential for lipid homeostasis and Ras-induced tumorigenesis; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-6 (PP-V) subfamily. (303 aa) |
| | RhoGAP5A | Rho GTPase activating protein at 5A (RhoGAP5A) encodes a GTPase activating protein involved in adherens junction maintenance and regulation of ERK MAP kinase signaling. (494 aa) |
| | Rala | Ras-related protein Ral-a; Ras-like protein A (Rala) encodes a GTPase that regulates Notch, Jak/Stat and JNK signalling pathways. (201 aa) |
