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Rpn13 Rpn13 Su(var)2-10 Su(var)2-10 Gprk2 Gprk2 wdb wdb bam bam Usp8 Usp8 smt3 smt3 smo smo Tnpo Tnpo Uch-L5 Uch-L5 dlp dlp Notum Notum par-6 par-6 mRNA-cap mRNA-cap CkIalpha CkIalpha Usp7 Usp7 Hipk Hipk cno cno Gprk1 Gprk1 tws tws CkIIalpha CkIIalpha bur bur mts mts trol trol shf shf Sulf1 Sulf1 apolpp apolpp dco dco Smurf Smurf Pi4KIIIalpha Pi4KIIIalpha Ubr3 Ubr3 Sxl Sxl gish gish aPKC aPKC lwr lwr dally dally Rap1 Rap1 nej nej Pka-R1 Pka-R1 C3G C3G hyx hyx Pka-C1 Pka-C1
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Rpn13Proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 homolog; May function as a proteasomal ubiquitin receptor. May promote the deubiquitinating activity associated with the 26S proteasome (By similarity). (424 aa)
Su(var)2-10Suppressor of variegation 2-10 (Su(var)2-10) encodes a member of the PIAS protein family that regulates chromosome structure and function. As a JAK/STAT pathway regulator, it contributes to eye formation and eye determination. (640 aa)
Gprk2G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (Gprk2) encodes a member of a family of serine/threonine kinases that modulate G-protein coupled receptors. It is required for female fertility, normal egg shape, and normal egg cAMP levels. It is also implicated in Hedgehog signaling and olfactory rhythmicity; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GPRK subfamily. (714 aa)
wdbWiderborst (wdb) encodes a B' regulatory subunit of the serine/threonine phosphatase complex PP2A. It regulates Hedgehog, protein kinase B and insulin receptor signaling pathways. (524 aa)
bamBag of marbles (bam) encodes a protein involved in gametogenesis that is associated with the fusome, a germ cell-specific organelle. It contributes to the fate determination of germline stem cells, in which bam is negatively regulated by the BMP signaling pathway. (442 aa)
Usp8Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase; Ubiquitin specific protease 8 (Usp8) encodes a protease involved in protein deubiquitination. It contributes to the integrity of ESCRT sorting machinery and the regulation of Hedgehog and Wingless signaling pathways; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (896 aa)
smt3Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Smt3 (smt3) encodes the only Drosophila SUMO family protein. It is required for embryonic patterning and mitosis. It may also have roles in wing patterning, Dpp signaling, and Ras/MAPK signaling. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase and to the kinetochores and midbodies during mitosis; Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. (90 aa)
smoProtein smoothened; Segment polarity protein required for correct patterning of every segment. G protein-coupled receptor that associates with the patched protein (ptc) to transduce the hedgehog (hh) signal through the activation of an inhibitory G-protein. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required to activate Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, norpA-dependent Ca2+ mobilization and p38 MAPK, which a [...] (1036 aa)
TnpoTransportin, isoform A; Transportin (Tnpo) encodes a protein involved in Hh signalling regulation by mediating the import of the transcription factor encoded by ci into the nucleus. (893 aa)
Uch-L5Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L5 (Uch-L5) encodes a component of the 26S proteasome, which degrades polyubiquitinated proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus. (324 aa)
dlpDally-like, isoform A; Dally-like (dlp) encodes a glypican that regulates the signaling strength and range of the morphogens encoded by hh and wg; Belongs to the glypican family. (765 aa)
NotumPalmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM; Carboxylesterase that acts as a key negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by specifically mediating depalmitoleoylation of WNT proteins. Serine palmitoleoylation of WNT proteins is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Also acts as a regulator of long-range activity of Hedgehog (hh), possibly by regulating the switch between low and high level hh pathway signaling. Belongs to the pectinacetylesterase family. Notum subfamily. (671 aa)
par-6Par-6, isoform A; Par-6 (par-6) encodes a scaffold protein that forms a complex with the products of baz and aPKC and with other cortical, cytoskeletal and regulatory proteins. It is involved in cell polarization, actin-based protrusion formation and tracheal branching. (351 aa)
mRNA-capPolynucleotide 5'-triphosphatase; Bifunctional mRNA-capping enzyme exhibiting RNA 5'- triphosphatase activity in the N-terminal part and mRNA guanylyltransferase activity in the C-terminal part. Catalyzes the first two steps of cap formation: by removing the gamma-phosphate from the 5'-triphosphate end of nascent mRNA to yield a diphosphate end, and by transferring the gmp moiety of GTP to the 5'-diphosphate terminus. (649 aa)
CkIalphaCasein kinase I isoform alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. Can phosphorylate a large number of proteins. Negative regulator of wg signaling. Phosphorylates arm directly or indirectly and stimulates its degradation which prevents inappropriate wg signaling. Phosphorylates smo which promotes its accumulation at the cell surface and its signaling activity in response to hh. Together with dco, regulates proteolytic processing of ci by phosphorylating it which promotes its binding to slmb, the F [...] (337 aa)
Usp7Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins. (1129 aa)
HipkHomeodomain interacting protein kinase (Hipk) encodes a protein that belongs to the DYRK family kinases. It can modulate signaling pathways including Wingless, Notch, Hippo, Hedgehog, JNK, and cell death. It plays roles in development, proliferation and patterning of many tissues, including the eye, wing, and the embryo. (1340 aa)
cnoCanoe, isoform E; Canoe (cno) encodes a scaffold protein in adherens junctions that is involved in morphogenesis in a variety of tissues. (2051 aa)
Gprk1G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1; Specifically phosphorylates the activated forms of G protein- coupled receptors; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GPRK subfamily. (700 aa)
twsProtein phosphatase PP2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit; Could perform a substrate recognition function or could be responsible for targeting the enzyme complex to the appropriate subcellular compartment. (499 aa)
CkIIalphaCasein kinase II subunit alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. The alpha chain contains the catalytic site. May participate in Wnt signaling; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CK2 subfamily. (336 aa)
burBurgundy, isoform B; Burgundy (bur) encodes a GMP synthetase required for axon guidance. It regulates the activity of the ubiquitin protease encoded by Usp7. (683 aa)
mtsSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A; Microtubule star (mts) encodes the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. It is involved in various developmental processes and signaling pathways, such as Hh signaling and Wingless signaling; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2A subfamily. (309 aa)
trolTerribly reduced optic lobes (trol) encodes the extracellular matrix component Perlecan, a secreted heparan sulfate proteoglycan. It regulates cell-signaling by multiple growth factors including those in the hedgehog, wingless/WNT, FGF, TGFbeta, EGF, and VEGF families, thus playing a role in many developmental patterning decisions. (4479 aa)
shfProtein shifted; Required for normal accumulation and movement of lipid- modified hedgehog (hh) morphogen. May act by stabilizing the interaction between heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and hh, HSPGs being required for diffusion of hh morphogen. Not involved in wingless (wg) morphogen movement, suggesting that it may provide HSPG specificity for Hh. (460 aa)
Sulf1Extracellular sulfatase SULF-1 homolog; Sulfated (Sulf1) encodes a heparan sulfate modifying enzyme, which extracellularly removes specific 6-O-sulfate groups from heparan sulfate in a post-synthetic manner. It regulates Wg signaling by reducing extracellular wg protein levels. It also regulates Hh signaling by acting as a positive regulator in cells producing the product of hh and a negative regulator in cells receiving the product of hh. (1114 aa)
apolppApolipophorin-1; Constitutes the major component of lipophorin, which mediates transport for various types of lipids in hemolymph. Acts by forming lipoprotein particles that bind lipoproteins and lipids. Also involved in the transport of hydrophobic ligands like juvenile hormones, pheromone hydrocarbons and carotenoids. Required for morphogens wingless (wg) and hedgehog (hh) function, probably by acting as vehicles for the movement of wg and hh, explaining how covalently lipidated wg and hh can spread over long distances. May also be involved in transport and/or metabolism of heme. (3351 aa)
dcoDiscs overgrown protein kinase; Involved in circadian rhythms, viability and molecular oscillations of the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim). Dbt reduces the stability and thus the accumulation of monomeric per proteins, probably through phosphorylation. No evident circadian oscillation is detected in head. Together with CkIalpha, regulates processing of ci by phosphorylating it which promotes its binding to slmb, the F-box recognition component of the SCF(slmb) E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase. (440 aa)
SmurfE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Smurf1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down-regulates Dpp signaling after gastrulation by promoting MAD ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. (1061 aa)
Pi4KIIIalphaPhosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III alpha (PI4KIIIalpha) encodes a lipid kinase that synthesizes phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate from phosphatidylinositol. Its roles include localization of plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletal and membrane trafficking proteins, Hippo signaling regulation and polarization of developing oocytes; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2154 aa)
Ubr3E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Ubr3; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Binds to the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Diap1 and enhances its ubiquitination and anti-apoptotic functions. Essential during trichome development for the ubiquitination of the N-terminus of ovo isoform B (svb), converting it from a transcriptional inhibitor to an activator. Positively regulates a hh-signaling pathway which functions in photorecepto [...] (2236 aa)
SxlProtein sex-lethal; Sex determination switch protein which controls sexual development by sex-specific splicing. Regulates dosage compensation in females by suppressing hyperactivation of X-linked genes. Expression of the embryo-specific isoform is under the control of primary sex- determining signal, which depends on the ratio of X chromosomes relative to autosomes (X:A ratio). Expression occurs in 2X:2A cells, but not in X:2A cells. The X:A ratio seems to be signaled by the relative concentration of the X-linked transcription factors SIS-A and SIS-B. As a result, the embryo-specific [...] (722 aa)
gishGilgamesh, isoform L; Gilgamesh (gish) encodes a plasma membrane-associated kinase that regulates Hedgehog and Wingless signaling activity. It is involved in planar cell polarity via regulation of Rab11-mediated vesicle trafficking. (537 aa)
aPKCAtypical protein kinase C; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is required for apico- basal cell polarity in the germ line as well as in epithelial and neural precursor cells, for epithelial planar cell polarity and for cell proliferation. During oocyte development, required for the posterior translocation of oocyte specification factors and for the posterior establishment of the microtubule organizing center within the presumptive oocyte. Phosphorylates l(2)gl which restricts l(2)gl activity to the oocyte posterior and regulates posterior enrichment of par-1, leading to establishmen [...] (958 aa)
lwrLesswright (lwr) encodes Ubc9, a SUMO conjugating enzyme that accepts SUMO from the SUMO activating enzyme and hands it off to the SUMO conjugation target. It has documented biological functions in innate immunity, meiosis, and anterior patterning of the embryo. (159 aa)
dallyDivision abnormally delayed (dally) encodes a core protein of heparan sulfate proteoglycans of the glypican family. It acts as a co-receptor for growth factors and morphogens, such as the products of dpp, wg, hh, upd1 and FGFs, affecting signaling and distribution of these ligands. The roles of the product of dally include wing development and germline stem cell maintenance. (626 aa)
Rap1Ras-related protein Rap1; Rap1 GTPase (Rap1) encodes a small GTPase in the Ras superfamily. When GTP bound, it binds to a number of different effectors, one of which is the product of scno. Together they regulate many morphogenetic movements including mesoderm invagination and dorsal closure, help establish apical-basal polarity during cellularization, regulate macrophage migration, help define neuroblast asymmetric division, and play a role in planar cell polarity in the imaginal discs. (184 aa)
nejNejire, isoform C; Nejire (nej) encodes the transcriptional co-activator CBP. It acetylates several nuclear proteins, including the histone encoded by His3 on K18, K27, and H4 on K8. By regulating gene expression, the product of nej has roles in cell proliferation, cell signaling and differentiation, and in developmental patterning. (3282 aa)
Pka-R1Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory subunit type 1 (Pka-R1) encodes a cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator that contributes to actin filament and microtubule organization. It is involved in neuromuscular synaptic transmission, molting and response to ethanol. (464 aa)
C3GGuanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2; C3G guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor (C3G) is expressed in the developing embryonic muscles and its product plays a role in body wall muscle development during larval stages. (1571 aa)
hyxHyrax, isoform A; Hyrax (hyx) encodes a protein recruited by signaling pathway specific transcriptional regulators such as the products of arm and ci and is important for the output of Wingless and Hedgehog pathways. (538 aa)
Pka-C1cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit 1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in memory formation. Promotes long-term memory by phosphorylating meng and by regulating CrebB protein stability and activity. As part of ethanol response in the glia, mediates ethanol-induced structural remodeling of actin cytoskeleton and perineurial membrane topology when anchored to the membrane. (353 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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