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Hug | Protein hugin; Probably has a role in larval molting; Belongs to the pyrokinin family. (191 aa) | ||||
Clk | Circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput; Circadian regulator that acts as a transcription factor and generates a rhythmic output with a period of about 24 hours. Oscillates in antiphase to the cycling observed for period (PER) and timeless (TIM). According to reaches peak abundance within several hours of the dark-light transition at ZT0 (zeitgeber 0), whereas describes bimodal oscillating expression with maximum at ZT5 and ZT23. Clock-cycle heterodimers activate cycling transcription of PER and TIM by binding to the E-box (5'-CACGTG-3') present in their promoters. Once induced [...] (1027 aa) | ||||
Gr63a | Gustatory and odorant receptor 63a; Gustatory and odorant receptor which mediates acceptance or avoidance behavior, depending on its substrates. Gr21a and Gr63a together are sufficient for carbon dioxide detection and avoidance behavior. It is possible that the CO(2) receptors Gr63a and Gr21a activate the TRPC channels through Galpha49B and Plc21C. This innate olfactory avoidance behavior can be inhibited by inhibitory interactions of the odors such as 1-hexanol and 2,3-butanedione with Gr21a and Gr63a. (489 aa) | ||||
Cyp6a20 | Probable cytochrome P450 6a20; Cyp6a20 (Cyp6a20) encodes a protein that may function to degrade aggression-promoting pheromones based on indirect observations such as its expression pattern and the increased aggressive behavior shown in Cyp6a20 mutants. (501 aa) | ||||
Gr66a | Gustatory receptor for bitter taste 66a; Gustatory receptor required for response to the bitter in taste neurons. Gr66a cells respond to bitter compounds such as caffeine, theophylline, threonine or valine. Flies avoid bitter substances, suggesting that Gr66a neuron activity is sufficient to mediate avoidance behavior. Required for sensing and avoiding N,N- Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), the most widely used insect repellent worldwide, as well as to L-canavanine, a plant-derived insecticide. Gr66a neurons are also involved in the sex-specific perception of molecules inducing male avoid [...] (527 aa) | ||||
nompC | No mechanoreceptor potential C (nompC) encodes a pore-forming subunit for a mechanosensitive non-selective cation channel. It belongs to the TRP channel family and is expressed in peripheral sensory neurons. It senses gentle touch and regulates locomotion in larval body wall neurons. In the adult, the product of nompC is involved in hearing transduction in the Johnston's organ. (1761 aa) | ||||
nompB | No mechanoreceptor potential B (nompB) encodes an essential component of the conserved intraflagellar transport mechanism, which is needed to extend cilia above the cell surface. nompB mutants have truncated, nonfunctional sensory cilia with consequent mechanosensory deficits. (857 aa) | ||||
Trpm | Transient receptor potential cation channel trpm; Calcium channel mediating constitutive calcium ion entry. Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. LTrpC subfamily. (2023 aa) | ||||
Tor | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Tor; Promotes cell and tissue growth, maintains tissue homeostatis and controls responses to environmental stress and aging. Regulates growth during animal development by coupling growth factor signaling to nutrient availability. Central regulators of autophagy. May be involved in atg1 phosphorylation. May also be involved, directly or indirectly, in the control of neuronal function. Phosphorylates S6K/p70S6K, in vitro. May regulate the activity of S6K. Overexpression inhibits growth and reduces cell size. Affects the timing of neuronal cell differentiat [...] (2471 aa) | ||||
NPF | Neuropeptide F; Integral part of the sensory system that mediates food signaling, providing the neural basis for the regulation of food response; coordinates larval foraging and social behavior changes during development. Required in dopaminergic (DA) neurons that innervate the mushroom body for satiety to suppress appetitive memory performance; a key factor in the internal state of hunger in the brain. NPF neurons coordinately modulate diverse sensory and motor neurons important for feeding, flight, and locomotion. NPF/NPFR pathway exerts its suppressive effect on larval aversion to d [...] (102 aa) | ||||
put | Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor; Punt (put) encodes a transforming growth factor beta type II receptor that functions in both Dpp/BMP and Activin signaling. Pathway specificity in signaling output is determined by which type I receptor (Dpp/BMP or Activin one) is engaged in the complex with the product of put; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (520 aa) | ||||
nan | Nanchung, isoform B; Nanchung (nan) encodes a member of the transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channel family. It is involved in the response to different stimuli such as startle, humidity or sound. (834 aa) | ||||
foxo | Forkhead box protein O; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of the insulin signaling pathway. Consistently activates both the downstream target Thord4EBP and the feedback control target InR. Involved in negative regulation of the cell cycle, modulating cell growth and proliferation. In response to cellular stresses, such as nutrient deprivation or increased levels of reactive oxygen species, foxo is activated and inhibits growth through the action of target genes such as Thor. Foxo activated in the adult fat body can regulate lifespan in adults; an insulin peptide itself m [...] (622 aa) | ||||
Ank2 | Ankyrin 2, isoform U; Ankyrin 2 (Ank2) encodes a cytoskeletal binding protein required for proper function of the product of beta-Spec via direct interaction. It contributes to the regulation of short-term memory, sound perception, microtubule cytoskeleton and neuromuscular junction development and synapsis. (13559 aa) | ||||
Ank | Ankyrin, isoform B; Ankyrin (Ank) encodes protein that is recruited to the plasma membrane by its association with the product of beta-Spec. It also binds to the adhesion protein encoded by Nrg leading to accumulation of the products of Ank and beta-Spec at sites of cell-cell adhesion. (1549 aa) | ||||
Gr32a | Gustatory and pheromone receptor 32a; Gustatory receptor which mediates acceptance or avoidance behavior, depending on its substrates. Required for the response to N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), the most widely used insect repellent worldwide. Functions as a pheromone receptor for a male inhibitory pheromone and promotes male-male aggression and suppresses male-male courtship. Also promotes preferentially virgin females courting over mated females. Belongs to the insect chemoreceptor superfamily. Gustatory receptor (GR) family. Gr21a subfamily. (461 aa) | ||||
Pkd2 | Polycystic kidney disease 2 (Pkd2) encodes a calcium permeable cation channel of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family. Its roles include sperm motility, smooth muscle contraction, larval feeding behavior, detection of mechanical stimuli and cold nociception. (924 aa) | ||||
ppk | Amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel; Pickpocket (ppk) encodes an acid-sensing sodium channel from the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (DEG/ENaC) family. It contributes to mechanical nociception, larval behavior and dendrite morphogenesis. (606 aa) | ||||
Orco | Odorant receptor coreceptor; Odorant coreceptor which complexes with conventional odorant receptors (ORs) to form odorant-sensing units, providing sensitive and prolonged odorant signaling and calcium permeability. Orco is a universal and integral part of the functional odorant receptor, involved in the dendritic localization of other olfactory receptors. Expression of Orco alone leads to formation of rapid and transient ion channels not directly responding to odorants, but directly activated by intracellular cAMP or cGMP. Snmp, Or67d and lush act in concert to capture fatty-acid-deriv [...] (486 aa) | ||||
Gr33a | Gustatory and pheromone receptor 33a; Gustatory receptor which mediates acceptance or avoidance behavior, depending on its substrates. Required for sensing all nonvolatile repulsive chemicals, including tastants, pheromones, and especially N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), the most widely used insect repellent worldwide. Functions also as a pheromone receptor for a male inhibitory pheromone leading to male-male courtship suppression. Belongs to the insect chemoreceptor superfamily. Gustatory receptor (GR) family. Gr66a subfamily. (475 aa) | ||||
iav | Inactive (iav) encodes a protein involved in the response to different stimuli such as startle, heat or sound; Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. (1123 aa) | ||||
Mks1 | Meckel syndrome type 1 protein homolog; Probable component of the tectonic-like complex (also named MKS complex), a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia. Required for ciliary structure and function. (699 aa) | ||||
cyc | Protein cycle; Putative transcription factor involved in the generation of biological rhythms. Activates cycling transcription of Period (PER) and Timeless (TIM) by binding to the E-box (5'-CACGTG-3') present in their promoters. (413 aa) | ||||
Trpml | Transient receptor potential cation channel, mucolipin (Trpml) encodes a ion channel involved in autophagy, lateral inhibition and TOR signalling regulation. (652 aa) | ||||
lush | General odorant-binding protein lush; Odorant-binding protein required for olfactory behavior and for activity of pheromone-sensitive neurons. Binds to alcohols and mediates avoidance behavior to high concentrations of alcohols, the alcohol-binding possibly resulting in activation of receptors on T2B neurons, the activation of these receptors inhibiting these neurons. Acts in concert with Snmp and lush to capture cVA molecules on the surface of Or67d expressing olfactory dendrites and facilitate their transfer to the odorant-receptor Orco complex. Required for cVA response, probably by [...] (153 aa) | ||||
Gr68a | Gustatory receptor 68a; Dsx-dependent essential component of pheromone-driven courtship behavior. Recognizes a female pheromone involved in the second step (tapping step) of the courtship display which is essential for efficient execution of the entire courtship sequence and timely mating. Required for detection of the male sex pheromone CH503 which is transferred from males to females during mating and inhibits courtship behavior by other males. Gr68a-expressing neurons in the male foreleg relay signals to the suboesophageal zone (SEZ) and courtship suppression is mediated by the rele [...] (389 aa) | ||||
Or67d | Odorant receptor 67d; Plays a role in detection and sensitivity to pheromones and signal transduction of the fatty-acid-derived male pheromone 11-cis vaccenyl acetate (cVA). Acts in concert with Snmp and lush to capture cVA molecules on the surface of Or67d expressing olfactory dendrites and facilitate their transfer to the odorant-receptor Orco complex. Necessary to mediate behavioral responses to cVA by regulating both male and female mating behavior. Activation of Or67d neurons by cVA inhibits courtship of other males, whereas in females their activation promotes receptivity to othe [...] (391 aa) | ||||
Ilp3 | Insulin-like peptide 3 (Ilp3) encodes a peptide involved in the insulin signaling pathway, the sugar-mediated activation of TOR signaling, sleep and mating behavior in females. (120 aa) | ||||
Or65a | Odorant receptor 65a; Odorant receptor which mediates acceptance or avoidance behavior, depending on its substrates. The odorant receptor repertoire encodes a large collection of odor stimuli that vary widely in identity, intensity, and duration. May form a complex with Orco to form odorant-sensing units, providing sensitive and prolonged odorant signaling and calcium permeability. Involved in olfactory communication for modulating aggression through the sensing of the male-specific pheromone 11-cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA). Although acute exposure to cVA elicites aggression through Or67 [...] (417 aa) |