STRINGSTRING
tou tou Set1 Set1 Nedd4 Nedd4 Akt1 Akt1 Fmr1 Fmr1 Su(var)3-9 Su(var)3-9 Mkp3 Mkp3 HDAC6 HDAC6 HDAC4 HDAC4 His3.3A His3.3A cdc14 cdc14 Sirt2 Sirt2 E2f1 E2f1 Sirt6 Sirt6 His4r His4r PR-Set7 PR-Set7 pic pic Sirt1 Sirt1 escl escl smt3 smt3 srl srl HDAC3 HDAC3 Gcn5 Gcn5 cyc cyc Nrd1 Nrd1 HDAC1 HDAC1 shg shg Sirt4 Sirt4 sc sc ac ac Sirt7 Sirt7 His2A:CG31618 His2A:CG31618 His3:CG31613 His3:CG31613 Debcl Debcl betaTub56D betaTub56D Pepck1 Pepck1 Atg7 Atg7
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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touToutatis, isoform E; Toutatis (tou) encodes a transcription factor that activates proneural expression via positive regulation of the product of pnr. It is involved in chromatin remodeling and nervous system development. (3131 aa)
Set1Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD1; Catalytic component of the SET1 complex that specifically di- and trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 and is the main di- and trimethyltransferase throughout development. Set1-dependent trimethylation regulates chromatin changes at active promoters that ensure optimal RNA polymerase II release into productive elongation, thereby contributing to optimal transcription. (1641 aa)
Nedd4E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd-4; Essential E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down- regulates Notch/N signaling pathway by promoting Notch ubiquitination, endocytosis and degradation. (1007 aa)
Akt1RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine kinase involved in various developmental processes. During early embryogenesis, acts as a survival protein. During mid-embryogenesis, phosphorylates and activates trh, a transcription factor required for tracheal cell fate determination. Also regulates tracheal cell migration. Later in development, acts downstream of PI3K and Pk61C/PDK1 in the insulin receptor transduction pathway which regulates cell growth and organ size, by phosphorylating and antagonizing FOXO transcription factor. Controls follicle cell size during oogenesis. M [...] (611 aa)
Fmr1Synaptic functional regulator FMR1; Polyribosome-associated RNA-binding protein that plays a role in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity through the regulation of protein synthesis of mRNAs. Plays a role as a negative translational regulator of specific mRNAs. Represses translation of the microtubule-associated protein futsch mRNA to regulate microtubule-dependent synaptic growth and function. May also be involved in microRNA (miRNA)-mediated translational suppression as part of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Required for stability of the central pair of microtubule [...] (729 aa)
Su(var)3-9Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase Su(var)3-9; Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 using monomethylated H3 'Lys-9' as substrate. H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting Su(var)205/HP1 to methylated histones. Mainly functions in heterochromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the establishment of constitutive heterochromatin at pericentric regions. Involved in heterochromatic gene silencing including the modification of position-effect-variegation. Belongs to the cl [...] (635 aa)
Mkp3Dual specificity protein phosphatase Mpk3; Negatively regulates the activity of members of the MAP kinase family in response to changes in the cellular environment. Has a specificity for the ERK family. Acts as negative regulator in a variety of developmental processes including cell differentiation and proliferation controlled by the Ras/ERK pathway. Suppresses the photoreceptor cell differentiation and wing vein formation. Required for proper oogenesis and early embryogenesis. Functions autonomously in a subset of photoreceptor progenitor cells in eye imaginal disks. Appears also to [...] (497 aa)
HDAC6Histone deacetylase 6, isoform G; Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) encodes a cytosolic deacetylase that functions as a key modulator of proteostasis by mediating ubiquitin-proteasomal and lysosomal degradation of native and/or misfolded proteins. (1179 aa)
HDAC4Histone deacetylase 4, isoform G; Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) encodes a Class IIa histone deacetylase that modulates gene expression by associating with transcriptional factors. It is regulated by nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and contributes to embryogenesis, muscle development, circadian function, energy balance and memory. (1269 aa)
His3.3AHistone H3.3A; Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes and is specifically enriched in modifications associated with active chromatin. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular mach [...] (136 aa)
cdc14Cell division cycle 14, isoform A; Protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity; protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity; protein tyrosine phosphatase activity. (1052 aa)
Sirt2NAD-dependent protein deacetylase Sirt2; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase (By similarity). May be involved in the regulation of life span; Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class I subfamily. (355 aa)
E2f1Transcription factor E2f1; Transcriptional activator that binds to E2f sites. Required for wild-type growth in mitotic and polytene tissues, Contributes to the expression of replication genes at the G1-S transition and Cyclin E. Activates cell proliferation in wing imaginal disk, which requires expression of vg; Belongs to the E2F/DP family. (821 aa)
Sirt6Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) encodes an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase in the class IV of the Sirtuin family. It is involved in chromatin silencing and determination of adult lifespan. (325 aa)
His4rHistone H4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (103 aa)
PR-Set7Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase PR-Set7; Histone methyltransferase that specifically monomethylates 'Lys-20' of histone H4. H4 'Lys-20' monomethylation is enriched during mitosis and represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Mainly functions in euchromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the silencing of euchromatic genes. Required for cell proliferation, possibly by contributing to the maintenance of proper higher-order structure of DNA and chromosome condensation during mitosis; Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfa [...] (691 aa)
picPiccolo (pic) encodes the Ddb1 protein, which functions to recruit substrate receptors to Cul4-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which catalyze the ubiquitylation and subsequent destruction of proteins that function in cell growth and proliferation as well as transcription, replication and repair of the genome. (1140 aa)
Sirt1NAD-dependent histone deacetylase sirtuin-1; NAD-dependent histone deacetylase involved in heterochromatic silencing. Mildly suppresses the heterochromatin-mediated silencing phenomenon known as position-effect variegation (PEV). Required for epigenetic silencing of the polycomb group proteins. Has histone H4 deacetylase activity in vitro. Required maternally for establishing proper segmentation of the embryo. Involved in sex determination. May be involved in the regulation of life span. (823 aa)
esclEscl, isoform A; Escl (escl) encodes an essential component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, whose function is to methylate histone H3K27. Although the product of escl is functionally equivalent to the product of esc, it is not maternally supplied in equally high levels and some homeotic phenotypes occur in the absence of the product of esc. (462 aa)
smt3Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Smt3 (smt3) encodes the only Drosophila SUMO family protein. It is required for embryonic patterning and mitosis. It may also have roles in wing patterning, Dpp signaling, and Ras/MAPK signaling. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase and to the kinetochores and midbodies during mitosis; Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. (90 aa)
srlSpargel, isoform B; Transcription coregulator activity; mRNA binding; nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity; transcription factor binding; nucleic acid binding. (1067 aa)
HDAC3Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) encodes a histone deacetylase involved in chromatin silencing. It controls cell growth through apoptosis suppression by regulating transcription of hid; Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily. (438 aa)
Gcn5Gcn5 acetyltransferase (Gcn5) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase subunit of several chromatin modifying complexes. It contributes to oogenesis and metamorphosis. (813 aa)
cycProtein cycle; Putative transcription factor involved in the generation of biological rhythms. Activates cycling transcription of Period (PER) and Timeless (TIM) by binding to the E-box (5'-CACGTG-3') present in their promoters. (413 aa)
Nrd1Nardilysin (Nrd1) encodes a protein involved in chaperone-mediated protein folding; Belongs to the peptidase M16 family. (1147 aa)
HDAC1Histone deacetylase HDAC1; Catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N- terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation may constitute a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. For instance, deacetylation of histone H3 may be a prerequisite for the subsequent recruitment of the histone methyltransferase Su(var)3-9 to histones. Involved in position-effect variegation (PEV). In the larval brain, part of a regulatory network including the transcript [...] (521 aa)
shgDE-cadherin; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. In connecting cells they preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. During oogenesis, integral component of the guidance mechanisms that regulate the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Functions downstream of the two chemoattractant receptors, Pvr and Egfr, to promote BC adhesion between the leader cells of the migrating cluster and the surroundi [...] (1507 aa)
Sirt4NAD-dependent protein deacylase Sirt4; NAD-dependent protein deacylase. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent hydrolysis of acyl groups from lysine residues. (312 aa)
scAchaete-scute complex protein T4; AS-C proteins are involved in the determination of the neuronal precursors in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. Also involved in sex determination and dosage compensation. (345 aa)
acAchaete-scute complex protein T5; Achaete (ac) encodes a BHLH transcription factor that interacts antagonistically with the Notch signaling pathway to promote neural precursor formation. Its major role is in nervous system development. (201 aa)
Sirt7NAD-dependent protein deacetylase Sirt7; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase. (771 aa)
His2A:CG31618Histone H2A; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (124 aa)
His3:CG31613Histone H3; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa)
DebclDeath executioner Bcl-2 (Debcl) encodes a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family involved in programmed cell death. (300 aa)
betaTub56DTubulin beta chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Belongs to the tubulin family. (456 aa)
Pepck1Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (Pepck1) encodes an enzyme that converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate. It catalyzes the first committed step in gluconeogenesis and thus plays an essential role in glucose metabolism. (647 aa)
Atg7Autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) encodes an E1-type ligase for the autophagic ubiquitin-like proteins encoded by Atg8a and Atg12. Its roles include autophagosome formation, maintaining neuromuscular function and normal lifespan. (684 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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