STRINGSTRING
Egfr Egfr shg shg HDAC3 HDAC3 Pc Pc Su(z)12 Su(z)12 HDAC1 HDAC1 RYBP RYBP Raf Raf Plzf Plzf E(z) E(z) His3.3A His3.3A Trl Trl psq psq HDAC6 HDAC6 ear ear Pten Pten Cdk2 Cdk2 Sfmbt Sfmbt Cdk4 Cdk4 DMAP1 DMAP1 Debcl Debcl His3:CG31613 His3:CG31613 His2A:CG31618 His2A:CG31618 Sce Sce CG5024 CG5024 Decay Decay Akt1 Akt1 Caf1-55 Caf1-55 Ku80 Ku80 esc esc Cdk1 Cdk1 smt3 smt3
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
EgfrEpidermal growth factor receptor; Binds to four ligands: Spitz, Gurken, Vein and Argos, which is an antagonist. Transduces the signal through the ras-raf-MAPK pathway. Involved in a myriad of developmental decisions. Critical for the proliferation of imaginal tissues, and for the determination of both the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral polarities of the oocyte. In the embryo, plays a role in the establishment of ventral cell fates, maintenance of amnioserosa and ventral neuroectodermal cells, germ band retraction, cell fate specification in the central nervous system and production [...] (1426 aa)
shgDE-cadherin; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. In connecting cells they preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. During oogenesis, integral component of the guidance mechanisms that regulate the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Functions downstream of the two chemoattractant receptors, Pvr and Egfr, to promote BC adhesion between the leader cells of the migrating cluster and the surroundi [...] (1507 aa)
HDAC3Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) encodes a histone deacetylase involved in chromatin silencing. It controls cell growth through apoptosis suppression by regulating transcription of hid; Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily. (438 aa)
PcPolycomb group protein Pc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Promotes locus-specif [...] (390 aa)
Su(z)12Polycomb protein Su(z)12; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that [...] (900 aa)
HDAC1Histone deacetylase HDAC1; Catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N- terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation may constitute a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. For instance, deacetylation of histone H3 may be a prerequisite for the subsequent recruitment of the histone methyltransferase Su(var)3-9 to histones. Involved in position-effect variegation (PEV). In the larval brain, part of a regulatory network including the transcript [...] (521 aa)
RYBPRing and YY1 Binding Protein (RYBP) encodes a ubiquitin interacting protein. It interacts with epigenetic regulators of the Polycomb and trithorax groups to control post-translational histone modifications. The product of RYBP is involved in regulation of the innate immune response and cell death/cell survival, and the control of morphogenesis. (150 aa)
RafRaf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase Raf; Serine/threonine kinase required in the early embryo for the formation of terminal structure. Also required during the proliferation of imaginal cells. May act downstream of Ras85D in the tor signal transduction pathway. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily. (739 aa)
PlzfPromyelocytic leukemia zinc finger, isoform A; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; sequence-specific DNA binding; RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; Ras protein signal transduction. (469 aa)
E(z)Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase E(z); Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting [...] (765 aa)
His3.3AHistone H3.3A; Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes and is specifically enriched in modifications associated with active chromatin. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular mach [...] (136 aa)
TrlTranscription factor GAGA; Transcriptional activator that functions by regulating chromatin structure. Overcomes the repressive effects of chromatin by promoting the open chromatin conformation in promoter gene regions, thereby allowing access to other transcription factors. Binds to DNA Polycomb response elements (PREs) at the bithorax complex and to the proximal region of the engrailed promoter, and positively regulates transcription of many genes including homeotic ones. Binds to the DNA sequence (GA)n, with optimal binding to the pentamer 5'-GAGAG-3'. Binds DNA as an oligomer. May [...] (623 aa)
psqPipsqueak, isoform M; Pipsqueak (psq) encodes a transcription factor that regulates chromatin silencing. It mediates the interaction of Polycomb group (Pc-G) members with Pc-G response elements. (1123 aa)
HDAC6Histone deacetylase 6, isoform G; Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) encodes a cytosolic deacetylase that functions as a key modulator of proteostasis by mediating ubiquitin-proteasomal and lysosomal degradation of native and/or misfolded proteins. (1179 aa)
earENL/AF9-related, isoform B; ENL/AF9-related (ear) encodes a transcription factor that is a component of the super elongation complex (SEC), which regulates transcription by RNA Polymerase II. It also interacts with the histone methyltransferase encoded by gpp in the Dot1 complex (DotCom), which modifies chromatin structure by methylating histone H3 on lysine 79. (945 aa)
PtenPhosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) encodes a dual lipid and protein phosphatase that primarily counters the effects of the insulin-regulated lipid kinase, encoded by Pi3K92E. It inhibits cell growth, cell proliferation and cellular events controlling cytoskeletal and junctional rearrangements. (514 aa)
Cdk2Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) encodes a catalytic protein kinase subunit that can only become active after association with the product of CycE. The protein kinase activity of the CycE-Cdk2 complex controls important aspects of progression through the G1 and S phases of the cell cycle. In addition, periodic CycE-Cdk2 activity regulates progression through endoreduplication cycles; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. (314 aa)
SfmbtPolycomb protein Sfmbt; Polycomb group (PcG) protein that binds to the Polycomb response elements (PREs) found in the regulatory regions of many genes. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Necessary but not sufficient to recruit a functional Pc [...] (1243 aa)
Cdk4Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) encodes a protein that contributes to cell cycle progression and cell growth. It is involved in the regulation of JAK-STAT and TORC1 signalling pathways. (317 aa)
DMAP1DNA methyltransferase 1-associated protein 1; Involved in transcription repression and activation (By similarity). Required for larvae and pupal development, and for normal innate immune responses. Involved in modulating the activation of the immune deficiency pathway (Imd), acting either downstream of, or at the level of, the NF-kappa-B factor Rel. Possibly functions with akirin to regulate Rel, and its interaction with the Brahma complex protein Bap55 suggests that it may regulate the IMD pathway at the level of chromatin remodeling. (433 aa)
DebclDeath executioner Bcl-2 (Debcl) encodes a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family involved in programmed cell death. (300 aa)
His3:CG31613Histone H3; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa)
His2A:CG31618Histone H2A; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (124 aa)
SceE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-118' of histone H2A, thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation. H2A 'Lys-118' ubiquitination gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. PcG [...] (435 aa)
CG5024GEO08667p1; Calcium ion binding; enzyme regulator activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: calcium-mediated signaling; microtubule cytoskeleton organization. (165 aa)
DecayDeath executioner caspase related to Apopain/Yama (Decay) encodes one of the seven members of the caspase family of cysteine proteases. It has substrate specificity similar to the effector caspases encoded by Drice and Dcp-1; Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. (308 aa)
Akt1RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine kinase involved in various developmental processes. During early embryogenesis, acts as a survival protein. During mid-embryogenesis, phosphorylates and activates trh, a transcription factor required for tracheal cell fate determination. Also regulates tracheal cell migration. Later in development, acts downstream of PI3K and Pk61C/PDK1 in the insulin receptor transduction pathway which regulates cell growth and organ size, by phosphorylating and antagonizing FOXO transcription factor. Controls follicle cell size during oogenesis. M [...] (611 aa)
Caf1-55Probable histone-binding protein Caf1; Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA. Component of several complexes which regulate chromatin metabolism. These include the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) complex, which is required for chromatin assembly following DNA replication and DNA repair; the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex (the NuRD complex), which promotes transcriptional repression by histone deacetylati [...] (430 aa)
Ku80ATP-dependent DNA helicase II subunit 2; Ku80 (Ku80) encodes a protein that forms a Ku heterodimer with the product of Irbp, which binds to DNA double-strand break ends and is required for the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. (699 aa)
escPolycomb protein esc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' residues of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that the recruitme [...] (425 aa)
Cdk1Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) encodes a catalytic protein kinase subunit that can only become active after association with either CycA, CycB or CycB3 products. The protein kinase activities of these complexes (CycA-Cdk1, CycB-Cdk1, CycB3-Cdk1) control important aspects of progression through the cell cycle. Functionally, the different Cdk1 complexes are partially redundant. They phosphorylate hundreds of target proteins and are most important for progression into and through mitotic and meiotic M phases. (297 aa)
smt3Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Smt3 (smt3) encodes the only Drosophila SUMO family protein. It is required for embryonic patterning and mitosis. It may also have roles in wing patterning, Dpp signaling, and Ras/MAPK signaling. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase and to the kinetochores and midbodies during mitosis; Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. (90 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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