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hop | Tyrosine-protein kinase hopscotch; Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, phosphorylates the marelle protein. Required maternally for the establishment of the normal array of embryonic segments: involved in the control of pair- rule gene transcription in a stripe-specific manner. Together with Hsp83 and piwi, mediates canalization, also known as developmental robustness, likely via epigenetic silencing of existing genetic variants and suppression of transposon-induced new genetic variation. (1177 aa) | ||||
lic | Licorne (lic) encodes a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates p38 MAP kinases. (334 aa) | ||||
upd1 | Unpaired 1 (upd1) encodes a secreted glycoprotein that is able to act at a distance as the primary ligand for the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Although semi-redundant with upd2 and upd3, upd1 depletion results in embryonic lethality with an atypical gap gene-like segmentation phenotype. (413 aa) | ||||
dome | Cytokine receptor; Critical for epithelial morphogenesis during oogenesis; border cell migration. Required in the germarium for the polarization of follicle cells during encapsulation of germline cells. Required for embryonic segmentation and trachea specification. Essential receptor molecule for upd and JAK/STAT signaling during oogenesis. (1282 aa) | ||||
eIF3i | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. (326 aa) | ||||
TotM | Turandot M (TotM) encodes a protein that belongs to a class of poorly characterized secreted peptides. Some Turandot genes are expressed in response to stress in the fat body by the JAK-STAT pathway. (131 aa) | ||||
vir-1 | Virus-induced RNA 1 (vir-1) is produced from a promoter that is induced by viral infection. It can be used as a marker of the induction of an antiviral response. Its expression is regulated by the Jak/STAT pathway. (431 aa) | ||||
p38b | P38b MAP kinase (p38b) encodes the serine/threonine kinase that constitutes MAP kinase signaling cascades. It is phosphorylated by MAPK kinases and phosphorylates various substrates that play roles in stress responses, immune responses and differentiation; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. (365 aa) | ||||
Ddc | Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase; Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) to dopamine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and L-tryptophan to tryptamine. Variation in the synthesis of bioamines may be a factor contributing to natural variation in life span. Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family. (510 aa) | ||||
Victoria | Protein Turandot E; A humoral factor that may play a role in stress tolerance. Belongs to the Turandot family. (134 aa) | ||||
TotF | Protein Turandot F; A humoral factor that may play a role in stress tolerance. Belongs to the Turandot family. (125 aa) | ||||
TotA | Protein Turandot A; A humoral factor that plays a role in stress tolerance; gives increased resistance to the lethal effects of bacterial challenge and stress. Regulated by the JAK/STAT pathway and NF-KB-like Relish pathway in the fat body, upd3 in the hemocytes and Mekk1 in response to septic injury and consequent immune response. Belongs to the Turandot family. (129 aa) | ||||
p38a | P38a MAP kinase (p38a) encodes a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinases responsive to diverse stresses. In immune response, it activates its downstream component encoded by Atf-2 that in turn regulates Duox expression. (366 aa) | ||||
p38c | Putative mitogen-activated protein kinase 14C; P38c MAP kinase (p38c) encodes a protein involved in the stress and wound responses, regulating the expression of Duox and Ddc. (356 aa) | ||||
RpL32 | 60S ribosomal protein L32; Structural constituent of ribosome. It is involved in the biological process described with: translation; cytoplasmic translation. (147 aa) | ||||
Toll-7 | Toll-like receptor 7; Toll-related receptor which binds to the neurotrophins NT1 and spz5. Essential for antiviral autophagy, it detects and binds to the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) following infection. This role is likely to be independent of the canonical Toll, immune deficiency, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Functions in olfactory circuit assembly by promoting synaptic partner matching between olfactory receptor neurons (ORN) axons and projection neurons (PN) dendrites partners in the antennal lobe. Function in the Va1d ORNs is necessary and sufficient for correct targeting [...] (1446 aa) | ||||
betaTub56D | Tubulin beta chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Belongs to the tubulin family. (456 aa) | ||||
nopo | No poles (nopo) encodes a RING domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase that is essential for early embryogenesis. It positively regulates caspase-dependent cell death. (435 aa) | ||||
Dcr-2 | Dicer-2, isoform A; Dicer-2 (Dcr-2) encodes a member of the RNase III family of double-stranded RNA-specific endonucleases. It acts in the RNAi pathway by cutting long dsRNA into siRNAs. It helps defend flies against viral infection, particularly RNA viruses. It also processes long, partially double-stranded endogenous transcripts (hairpin RNAs) into endo-siRNAs. (1722 aa) | ||||
Shark | Tyrosine-protein kinase Shark; Following axon injury, required for recruitment of drpr and glial cells to severed axons and for glial clearance of severed axons from the central nervous system. Together with Src42a and drpr, promotes the migration of macrophages to sites of wounding as part of a signaling cascade where Scr42a detects production of hydrogen peroxide at wound sites which triggers phosphorylation of drpr and subsequent recruitment and activation of shark. May be involved in signal transduction on the apical surface of ectodermal epithelial cells, regulating their polarity [...] (939 aa) | ||||
upd3 | Unpaired 3 (upd3) encodes a "cytokine" (secreted protein) of the Unpaired family that can bind and activate the JAK-STAT receptor encoded by dome. It is induced in hemocytes or in the intestine upon damage to regulate the repair response in these tissues through JAK-STAT activation. (401 aa) | ||||
Duox | Dual oxidase; Plays a role in innate immunity limiting microbial proliferation in the gut. Acts downstream of a hh-signaling pathway to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to intestinal bacterial infection. May generate antimicrobial oxidative burst through its peroxidase-like domain. (1537 aa) | ||||
Myd88 | Myd88 (Myd88) encodes an adaptor protein involved in in the Toll pathway functioning downstream of the product of Tl and upstream of the product of tub. Toll pathway is a signaling cascade that plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorsoventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides. (537 aa) | ||||
Stat92E | Signal-transducer and activator of transcription protein at 92E (Stat92E) encodes a transcription factor that shuttles between the cytosol and nucleus and functions in the JAK/STAT pathway. Its roles include proliferation, growth control, organismal metabolism, cell competition, stem cell self-renewal, immunity and developmental patterning. (818 aa) | ||||
Src42A | Tyrosine-protein kinase Src42A; Required directly or indirectly for the phosphorylation of drpr which is necessary for the interaction of drpr with shark and subsequent glial phagocytic activity. Together with drpr and shark, promotes the migration of macrophages to sites of wounding as part of a signaling cascade where Scr42a detects production of hydrogen peroxide at wound sites which triggers phosphorylation of drpr and subsequent recruitment and activation of shark. Essential for correct eye morphogenesis (ommatidial R7 neuron formation) which requires the Ras1/MAPK signal transduc [...] (1597 aa) | ||||
Nox | NADPH oxidase (Nox) encodes a protein involved in calcium flux and smooth muscle contraction during ovulation. (1340 aa) | ||||
imd | Protein immune deficiency; Essential for the imd/NF-kappa-B (Imd) humoral and epithelial immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Functions as an adapter protein that transduces immunity signals from the activation of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) by bacterial infection to the Imd signaling pathway. Binding of diaminopimelic acid-type (DAP-type) bacterial peptidoglycans (PGN) causes multimerization or clustering of PGRP receptors which activate the Imd cascade probably by recruiting imd, Fadd and Dredd to the receptor complex. Once in proximity, Dredd cleaves imd in a Fadd-de [...] (273 aa) | ||||
upd2 | Unpaired 2 (upd2) encodes a secreted molecule that acts at a distance as a ligand for the JAK/STAT signal transduction pathway. upd2 mutants are viable due to redundancy with other Upd-family genes. (406 aa) |