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Su(H) | Suppressor of hairless protein; Transcriptional regulator that plays a central role in Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communication that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Binds directly the 5'-GTGRGAR-3' DNA consensus sequence, which is present in the regulatory region of several genes. Acts as a transcriptional repressor when it is not associated with Notch proteins. When associated with some Notch protein, it acts as a transcriptional activator that activates transcription of Notch target genes. Required for transcription of Sim. Spec [...] (594 aa) | ||||
SREBP | Sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) encodes a membrane protein that functions as a master-regulator of lipogenesis. It activates transcription of lipogenic genes upon reduction of lipid or cholesterol levels. (1113 aa) | ||||
SkpE | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (167 aa) | ||||
SkpC | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (158 aa) | ||||
SkpD | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (158 aa) | ||||
Fur2 | Furin-like protease 2; Furin is likely to represent the ubiquitous endoprotease activity within constitutive secretory pathways and capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif. (1682 aa) | ||||
dsh | Segment polarity protein dishevelled; Required to establish coherent arrays of polarized cells and segments in embryos. Plays a role in wingless (wg) signaling, possibly through the reception of the wg signal by target cells and subsequent redistribution of arm protein in response to that signal in embryos. This signal seems to be required to establish planar cell polarity and identity. (623 aa) | ||||
Sara | Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein; Smad anchor for receptor activation (Sara) encodes an endosomal protein involved in asymmetric stem cell division, intestinal stem cell homeostasis and stem cell fate determination. (1343 aa) | ||||
CG15800 | Skp1_POZ domain-containing protein; Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (157 aa) | ||||
SkpF | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (171 aa) | ||||
Nedd4 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd-4; Essential E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down- regulates Notch/N signaling pathway by promoting Notch ubiquitination, endocytosis and degradation. (1007 aa) | ||||
Cdk2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) encodes a catalytic protein kinase subunit that can only become active after association with the product of CycE. The protein kinase activity of the CycE-Cdk2 complex controls important aspects of progression through the G1 and S phases of the cell cycle. In addition, periodic CycE-Cdk2 activity regulates progression through endoreduplication cycles; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. (314 aa) | ||||
fz3 | Frizzled-3; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (646 aa) | ||||
SkpA | SKP1-related A (SkpA) encodes a subunit of Skp, Cullin, F-box (SCF)-containing ubiquitin ligase complexes. It regulates centrosome duplication, chromatin condensation, cell cycle progression, cell polarity, dendrite pruning and endoreduplication. (162 aa) | ||||
cact | NF-kappa-B inhibitor cactus; Involved in the formation of the dorsoventral pattern. It inhibits nuclear translocation of the dorsal morphogen in the dorsal region of the embryo. Acts as a negative regulator of the NF-kappa-B (rel) signaling pathway. Cact is degraded by IKKbeta, this is essential for NF-kappa-B (rel) activation. (500 aa) | ||||
gro | Groucho (gro) encodes a global developmental co-repressor in conjunction with manifold DNA-binding repressor partner proteins, which tether it to target promoters. It functions downstream of key signaling pathways such as Wg/Wnt and Dpp/TGF-beta. Notably, phosphorylation of the product of gro in response to MAPK activation weakens its repressor capacity. (730 aa) | ||||
Hrs | Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate; Essential role in endosome membrane invagination and formation of multivesicular bodies, MVBs. Required during gastrulation and appears to regulate early embryonic signaling pathways. Inhibits tyrosine kinase receptor signaling by promoting degradation of the tyrosine-phosphorylated, active receptor, potentially by sorting activated receptors into MVBs. The MVBs are then trafficked to the lysosome where their contents are degraded. (760 aa) | ||||
pk | Protein prickle; Acts in a planar cell polarity (PCP) complex; polarization along the apical/basal axis of epithelial cells. Correct expression of the alternative isoforms is required for PCP signaling in imaginal disks. PCP signaling in the wing disk requires the receptor fz and the cytoplasmic proteins dsh and pk. These act in a feedback loop leading to activation of the jnk cascade and subsequent polarized arrangement of hairs and bristles. Dgo and pk compete with one another for dsh binding, thereby modulating fz dsh activity and ensuring tight control over fz PCP signaling. Vang, [...] (1299 aa) | ||||
Cul1 | Cullin homolog 1; Core component of multiple SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as a rigid scaffold that organizes the SKP1-F-box protein and RBX1 subunits. May contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme. During early metamorphosis, part of the SCF-slmb complex that negatively regulates the InR/PI3K/TOR pathway to activate the pruning of unnecessary larv [...] (774 aa) | ||||
dap | RE12958p; Dacapo (dap) encodes a Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor in the CIP/KIP family. It binds to CycE-Cdk2 complexes and thereby inhibits their protein kinase activity. Upregulation of dap is required after the last mitosis for arresting cells in G1/G0 before terminal differentiation in many post-mitotic cell types. (245 aa) | ||||
SkpB | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (161 aa) | ||||
arr | Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Arrow (arr) encodes a type I trans-membrane protein and functions as an obligate co-receptor with the product of fz for the ligand encoded by wg in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The product of arr is involved in developmental patterning, cell survival and growth regulation; Belongs to the LDLR family. (1678 aa) | ||||
casp | Caspar, isoform A; Caspar (casp) encodes a protein that inhibits the immune deficiency pathway, but not the Toll pathway, by blocking cleavage and nuclear translocation of the product of Rel. (695 aa) | ||||
Sox100B | Sox100B (Sox100B) encodes a group E Sox domain transcription factor. It has a role in the development of somatic components of the testis during metamorphosis, where it regulates pigment cell specification. Sox100B shows sexually dimorphic expression in the embryonic gonad. (529 aa) | ||||
Axn | Axin (Axn) encodes the key scaffolding protein for the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. In the absence of signal, it targets the product of arm for proteolysis inhibiting Wnt signalling. In the presence of signal, it forms a part of the membrane activation complex, disrupting the product of arm degradation. This pathway play roles in cell proliferation (imaginal disc), differentiation (embryonic patterning), death and stemness. (745 aa) | ||||
Mtl | Mig-2-like (Mtl) encodes a Rho GTPase involved in actin organization regulation. It contributes to multiple actin-mediated processes including dorsal closure, wound healing, cell migration, germ band shortening and salivary gland morphogenesis. (195 aa) | ||||
Nf1 | Neurofibromin 1 (Nf1) encodes a protein that functions as a GTPase activating protein for the products of Ras85D and Ras64B in the larval and adult nervous system. Loss of Nf1 results in excess Ras-Raf-ERK signaling and to a non-cell-autonomous cAMP/PKA signaling defect. The product of Nf1 contributes to postembryonic growth, learning/memory, and circadian rhythm. (2802 aa) | ||||
p38a | P38a MAP kinase (p38a) encodes a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinases responsive to diverse stresses. In immune response, it activates its downstream component encoded by Atf-2 that in turn regulates Duox expression. (366 aa) | ||||
InR | Insulin-like receptor subunit beta 1; Has a ligand-stimulated tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Required for cell survival. Regulates body size and organ size by altering cell number and cell size in a cell-autonomous manner. Involved in the development of the embryonic nervous system, and is necessary for axon guidance and targeting in the visual system. Also plays a role in life-span determination. (2144 aa) | ||||
Akt1 | RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine kinase involved in various developmental processes. During early embryogenesis, acts as a survival protein. During mid-embryogenesis, phosphorylates and activates trh, a transcription factor required for tracheal cell fate determination. Also regulates tracheal cell migration. Later in development, acts downstream of PI3K and Pk61C/PDK1 in the insulin receptor transduction pathway which regulates cell growth and organ size, by phosphorylating and antagonizing FOXO transcription factor. Controls follicle cell size during oogenesis. M [...] (611 aa) | ||||
ohgt | Protein cereblon homolog; Ohgata (ohgt) encodes a protein that controls growth by negatively regulating insulin signaling. It also has a role in maintaining presynaptic function in third-instar neuromuscular junction synapses; Belongs to the CRBN family. (585 aa) | ||||
kuz | Kuzbanian, isoform A; Kuzbanian (kuz) encodes an ADAM metalloendopeptidase that regulates activation of the receptors encoded by N and robo1 by cleavage. (1238 aa) | ||||
smt3 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Smt3 (smt3) encodes the only Drosophila SUMO family protein. It is required for embryonic patterning and mitosis. It may also have roles in wing patterning, Dpp signaling, and Ras/MAPK signaling. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase and to the kinetochores and midbodies during mitosis; Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. (90 aa) | ||||
tkv | Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Thickveins (tkv) encodes a transforming growth factor beta type I receptor. Together with the product of put, it functions as a receptor of the product of dpp and therefore contributes to the BMP signaling pathway; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (575 aa) | ||||
Skp2 | S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) encodes the substrate recognizing component of the SCF-Skp2 ubiquitin ligase. It functions with the product of Cks85A to target the product of dap for destruction. It is required for larval growth and to maintain diploidy in imaginal tissues. (559 aa) | ||||
Ilk | Integrin linked kinase (Ilk) encodes a pseudokinase that, together with the products of stck and parvin, mediates part of the adhesive functions of integrins. (448 aa) | ||||
Su(dx) | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Su(dx); E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down-regulates Notch/N signaling pathway, probably by promoting Notch ubiquitination, endocytosis and degradation. Involved in wing growth and leg joint formation. (949 aa) | ||||
Traf4 | TNF-receptor-associated factor 4 (Traf4) encodes an adapter protein thought to bind the TNF receptor and activate downstream signaling. However, it also has TNF independent roles, especially with respect to morphogenesis. The product of Traf4 interacts with and localizes polarity and adherens junction proteins such as the products of baz and arm respectively. It is required for normal embryonic development, cell death, and cell growth. (486 aa) | ||||
Tak1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; Component of a protein kinase signal transduction cascade. Mediator of TGF-beta signal transduction. Responsible for activation of the JNK MAPK pathway (basket, bsk and hemipterous, hep) in response to LPS. Component of the NF-kappa-B pathway; relish-mediated JNK inhibition involves proteasomal degradation of Tak1; certain targets of Relish that are induced during immune responses may facilitate destruction of Tak1 and switch off the JNK cascade. Participates in diverse roles such as control of cell shape and regulation of apoptosis. (678 aa) | ||||
Rcc1 | Regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (Rcc1) encodes the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the product of Ran. It promotes the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of specific proteins and regulates chromatin condensation. The roles of Rcc1 product include cell proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis, epigenetic regulation, and neuronal specification. (547 aa) | ||||
Cdk8 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 8; Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in regulated gene transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. May phosphorylate the CTD (C- terminal domain) of th [...] (454 aa) | ||||
Cul6 | Cullin 6; Ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; Belongs to the cullin family. (670 aa) | ||||
mib1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase mind-bomb; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of Delta (Dl) and Serrate (Ser) receptors, which act as ligands of Notch proteins. Positively regulates the Notch signaling by ubiquitinating the intracellular domain of Dl and Ser, leading to endocytosis of Dl and Ser receptors. Regulates a subset of Notch signaling events, including wing margin specification, leg segmentation and vein determination, that are distinct from those events requiring neuralize (neur) activity. Also modulates lateral inhibition, a neur- and Dl- dependent signalin [...] (1226 aa) | ||||
hiw | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase highwire; Atypical E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which specifically mediates ubiquitination of threonine and serine residues on target proteins, instead of ubiquitinating lysine residues (By similarity). Shows esterification activity towards both threonine and serine, with a preference for threonine, and acts via two essential catalytic cysteine residues that relay ubiquitin to its substrate via thioester intermediates (By similarity). Required in the presynaptic motoneuron to down-regulate the levels of wnd and restrain synaptic terminal growth at the neuromu [...] (5233 aa) | ||||
sima | Protein similar; Functions as a transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia. Binds to core DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters. (1593 aa) | ||||
Ser | Protein serrate; Acts as a ligand for Notch (N) receptor. Essential for proper ectodermal development. Serrate represents an element in a network of interacting molecules operating at the cell surface during the differentiation of certain tissues. (1407 aa) | ||||
CG43089 | GEO10396p1; Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (144 aa) | ||||
Lgr4 | Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (Lgr4) encodes a protein that shows highest similarity with vertebrate receptors for relaxin-like peptides. (809 aa) | ||||
Smox | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog; Smad on X (Smox) encodes the primary transcription factor that mediates Activin signalling. Upon phosphorylation by the receptor encoded by babo, it forms a complex with the co-Smad protein encoded by Med. This complex translocates to the nucleus where it regulates expression of target genes. (486 aa) | ||||
Kul | Kuzbanian-like, isoform A; Kuzbanian-like (Kul) encodes an ADAM metalloprotease involved in regulation of the Notch signaling pathway by cleaving the product of Dl. (1537 aa) | ||||
numb | Numb (numb) encodes a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling. It controls neuroblast and sense organ precursor asymmetric division. It is asymmetrically localized during mitosis and segregates exclusively to one of two daughter cells. (556 aa) | ||||
Med | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog; Medea (Med) encodes a protein that belongs to the highly conserved Smad family. It can bind its siblings encoded by Mad or Smox to facilitate signal transduction for the product of dpp or Activin ligands in the TGF-beta family. Med-complexes function as transcriptional regulators. Many developmental roles include dorsal-ventral patterning, patterning and proliferation of the wing disc and gene expression in the mushroom body of the larval brain. (771 aa) | ||||
Fur1 | Furin-like protease 1, isoforms 1/1-X/2; Furin is likely to represent the ubiquitous endoprotease activity within constitutive secretory pathways and capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif. (1478 aa) | ||||
Smurf | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Smurf1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down-regulates Dpp signaling after gastrulation by promoting MAD ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. (1061 aa) | ||||
Rac2 | Ras-related protein Rac2; Involved in integrin alpha-PS3/beta-nu-mediated phagocytosis of Gram-positive S.aureus by hemocytes. (192 aa) | ||||
Rac1 | Ras-related protein Rac1; During various developmental processes, regulates changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. During oogenesis, mediates signaling from the tyrosine kinase (RTK) chemoattractant receptors (Egfr and Pvr) to the guidance pathway that control the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Once activating by Pvr and Egfr, promotes the formation of forward-directed actin protrusions which stabilize the DE- cadherin (shg)-mediated adhesions. In turn, DE-mediated adhesion bet [...] (192 aa) | ||||
Rnf146 | MIP02988p; Zinc ion binding; ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; poly-ADP-D-ribose binding; ubiquitin protein ligase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; protein destabilization; positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (448 aa) | ||||
Myc | Myc protein; Participates in the regulation of gene transcription. Binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence CAC[GA]TG. Seems to activate the transcription of growth-related genes; required for cellular proliferation and growth. Functions in the TORC2-mediated regulation of cell growth, acting downstream of the TORC2 complex. Inhibits the demethylase activity of Lid. Activates transcription of mbm. Has a role in ribosome biogenesis and endoreplication in fat body cells by activating the transcription of LTV1. Able to induce the SCF E3 ubiqui [...] (717 aa) | ||||
Tnks | Tankyrase (Tnks) encodes an ADP-ribose polymerase that regulates Wnt signalling by contributing to the degradation of Axn. (1520 aa) | ||||
fz | Frizzled; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to inv [...] (612 aa) | ||||
gish | Gilgamesh, isoform L; Gilgamesh (gish) encodes a plasma membrane-associated kinase that regulates Hedgehog and Wingless signaling activity. It is involved in planar cell polarity via regulation of Rab11-mediated vesicle trafficking. (537 aa) | ||||
esn | Espinas (esn) encodes a LIM domain protein that binds to the seven-pass transmembrane cadherin encoded by stan. This stan-esn interplay elicits repulsion between dendritic branches of sensory neurons; Belongs to the prickle / espinas / testin family. (1134 aa) | ||||
RhoL | Ras-like GTP-binding protein RhoL; Essential for the maturation of hemocytes. (214 aa) | ||||
Cul3 | Cullin 3, isoform F; Ubiquitin protein ligase binding; molecular adaptor activity; ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; protein binding; Belongs to the cullin family. (934 aa) | ||||
Pten | Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) encodes a dual lipid and protein phosphatase that primarily counters the effects of the insulin-regulated lipid kinase, encoded by Pi3K92E. It inhibits cell growth, cell proliferation and cellular events controlling cytoskeletal and junctional rearrangements. (514 aa) |