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PGRP-SA PGRP-SA GNBP1 GNBP1 GNBP2 GNBP2 PGRP-SB1 PGRP-SB1 alphaTub84B alphaTub84B Dip-B Dip-B AttD AttD spz spz RpL32 RpL32 CecA1 CecA1 CecC CecC eEF1alpha2 eEF1alpha2 DptB DptB Mtk Mtk Def Def PGRP-SC2 PGRP-SC2 PGRP-LC PGRP-LC Dif Dif foxo foxo AttC AttC Tor Tor imd imd
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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experimentally determined
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gene co-occurrence
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PGRP-SAPeptidoglycan-recognition protein SA; Peptidoglycan-recognition protein that plays a key role in innate immunity by binding to peptidoglycans (PGN) of Gram-positive bacteria and activating the Toll pathway upstream of spz activating enzyme SPE. Has no activity against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Shows some partial redundancy with PRPGP-SD in Gram-positive bacteria recognition. May act by forming a complex with GNBP1 that activates the proteolytic cleavage of Spatzle and the subsequent activation of Toll pathway. Binds to diaminopimelic acid-type tetrapeptide PGN (DAP-type PGN) an [...] (203 aa)
GNBP1Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein 1; Plays a key role in innate immunity by acting as a pattern recognition receptor for beta-1,3-glucan from fungi and lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria. Upon recognition of invading micro-organism-derived products, acts upstream of protease spz processing enzyme SPE to activate the Toll pathway and to induce the expression of antimicrobial peptides drosomycin, cecropin and attacin. Belongs to the insect beta-1,3-glucan binding protein family. (492 aa)
GNBP2Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein 2; Involved in the recognition of invading micro-organisms. Binds specifically to beta-1,3-glucan and activates the phenoloxidase cascade (By similarity); Belongs to the insect beta-1,3-glucan binding protein family. (461 aa)
PGRP-SB1Peptidoglycan recognition protein SB1 (PGRP-SB1) encodes a secreted peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) with an amidase activity against DAP-type peptidoglycan, a cell wall component found on Gram-negative bacteria and certain Gram positive bacteria. It is strongly induced upon bacterial infection by the immune deficiency pathway, suggesting a role as an immune effector; Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (190 aa)
alphaTub84BTubulin alpha-1 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. (450 aa)
Dip-BDipeptidase B (Dip-B) encodes a peptidase involved in protein metabolism. (508 aa)
AttDAttacin-D (AttD) encodes is an immune inducible peptide that shows homology to antibacterial peptides having activity against Gram-negative bacteria. (181 aa)
spzProtein spaetzle C-106; Spatzle (spz) encodes a secreted protein which, after cleavage by an extracellular serine protease (encoded by ea or SPE), can induce the dimerization of the product of Tl, and the subsequent activation of the Toll pathway. It contributes to function of the Toll signaling cascade, which plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorso-ventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides. (326 aa)
RpL3260S ribosomal protein L32; Structural constituent of ribosome. It is involved in the biological process described with: translation; cytoplasmic translation. (147 aa)
CecA1Cecropin-A1; Cecropin A1 (CecA1) encodes an antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It is expressed in the fat body during the systemic immune response and in various epithelia, and it is regulated at the transcriptional level, mostly by the immune deficiency pathway; Belongs to the cecropin family. (63 aa)
CecCCecropin-C; Cecropin C (CecC) encodes an antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It is strongly expressed at the pupal stage. (63 aa)
eEF1alpha2Elongation factor 1-alpha 2; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. (462 aa)
DptBDiptericin B (DptB) encodes an immune inducible antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It is expressed in the fat body during the systemic immune response and in various epithelia. Its expression is regulated at the transcriptional level by the immune deficiency pathway. (120 aa)
MtkMetchnikowin (Mtk) encodes an antifungal peptide that is secreted from the fat body during the systemic immune response, and is produced by various epithelia. Its expression is regulated at the transcriptional level by the immune deficiency and/or Toll pathways. (52 aa)
DefDefensin (Def) encodes an antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-positive bacteria. It is induced in the fat body during the systemic immune response and is expressed in various epithelia. The expression of Def is regulated at the transcriptional level by both the immune deficiency and Toll pathways; Belongs to the invertebrate defensin family. Type 1 subfamily. (92 aa)
PGRP-SC2Peptidoglycan recognition protein SC2 (PGRP-SC2) encodes a secreted peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) with an amidase activity against peptidoglycans. It contributes to the down-regulation of the immune deficiency pathway, notably in the fat body during systemic bacterial infection. (184 aa)
PGRP-LCPeptidoglycan-recognition protein LC; Major activator of the imd/Relish pathway and is likely to encode a pattern recognition molecule for the humoral immune response. Required for Relish processing and nuclear translocation following proteolytic cleavage. Involved in the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacteria. The different isoforms probably display different recognition capabilities to various microbial patterns. [Isoform x]: Mediates the response to LPS, peptidoglycan and Gram-negative bacteria; Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amid [...] (520 aa)
DifDorsal-related immunity factor Dif; Mediates an immune response in larvae. DIF binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of the immunity gene CECA1. Involved in the melanization immune response to bacterial challenge, possibly by acting in a Toll signaling pathway that downregulates Spn27A in response to infection. Part of a signaling pathway involving NF-kappa-B (rel) and Toll-related receptors, that functions in the apoptosis of unfit cells during cell competition. May be part of a NF-kappa-B and Tollo signaling cascade that regulates dev [...] (987 aa)
foxoForkhead box protein O; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of the insulin signaling pathway. Consistently activates both the downstream target Thord4EBP and the feedback control target InR. Involved in negative regulation of the cell cycle, modulating cell growth and proliferation. In response to cellular stresses, such as nutrient deprivation or increased levels of reactive oxygen species, foxo is activated and inhibits growth through the action of target genes such as Thor. Foxo activated in the adult fat body can regulate lifespan in adults; an insulin peptide itself m [...] (622 aa)
AttCImmune-induced peptide 16; Attacin-C (AttC) encodes an immune inducible peptide that shows homology to antibacterial peptides having activity against Gram-negative bacteria; Belongs to the attacin/sarcotoxin-2 family. (241 aa)
TorSerine/threonine-protein kinase Tor; Promotes cell and tissue growth, maintains tissue homeostatis and controls responses to environmental stress and aging. Regulates growth during animal development by coupling growth factor signaling to nutrient availability. Central regulators of autophagy. May be involved in atg1 phosphorylation. May also be involved, directly or indirectly, in the control of neuronal function. Phosphorylates S6K/p70S6K, in vitro. May regulate the activity of S6K. Overexpression inhibits growth and reduces cell size. Affects the timing of neuronal cell differentiat [...] (2471 aa)
imdProtein immune deficiency; Essential for the imd/NF-kappa-B (Imd) humoral and epithelial immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Functions as an adapter protein that transduces immunity signals from the activation of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) by bacterial infection to the Imd signaling pathway. Binding of diaminopimelic acid-type (DAP-type) bacterial peptidoglycans (PGN) causes multimerization or clustering of PGRP receptors which activate the Imd cascade probably by recruiting imd, Fadd and Dredd to the receptor complex. Once in proximity, Dredd cleaves imd in a Fadd-de [...] (273 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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