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Atg5 | Autophagy protein 5; Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. Conjugation with Atg12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving Atg7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and Atg10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The Atg12-Atg5 conjugate acts as an E3- like enzyme which is required for lipidation of Atg8 and its association to the vesicle membranes (By similarity). (269 aa) | ||||
Lst8 | Protein LST8 homolog; Subunit of TORC1 and TORC2, which regulate cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. Essential for TORC2-mediated regulation of cell growth and phosphorylation of Akt1. However it is not required for TORC1-mediated functions such as TORC1- dependent regulation of cell growth, autophagy and phosphorylation of S6K ; Belongs to the WD repeat LST8 family. (313 aa) | ||||
Atg8a | Autophagy-related 8a (Atg8a) encodes a ubiquitin-like protein that is conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine, and this lipid modification anchors it into the membrane of forming and completed autophagosomes. Atg8a product has roles in autophagosome formation, maintaining neuromuscular function and normal lifespan. (121 aa) | ||||
Pi3K59F | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; Phosphotidylinositol 3 kinase 59F (Pi3K59F) encodes a lipid kinase that is required for formation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. It functions in a core protein complex that includes the products of Atg6 and Vps15. It is involved in the control of vesicle trafficking, including autophagy, endocytosis and phagocytosis. (949 aa) | ||||
Atg101 | Autophagy-related 101 (Atg101) encodes a subunit of the evolutionarily conserved Atg1 kinase complex, which controls the initiation of autophagosome formation. (218 aa) | ||||
Atg3 | Autophagy-related 3 (Atg3) encodes a protein involved in multiple autophagy processes such as autophagosome assembly, cellular response to starvation, and glycophagy. (330 aa) | ||||
Atg4a | Cysteine protease; Cysteine protease required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy; Belongs to the peptidase C54 family. (411 aa) | ||||
Tap42 | Two A-associated protein of 42kDa (Tap42) encodes a phosphatase inhibitor involved in wing disc morphogenesis and the organization of the mitotic spindle. (380 aa) | ||||
Atg13 | Autophagy-related protein 13 homolog; Autophagy factor required for autophagosome formation. Target of the TOR kinase signaling pathway that regulates autophagy through the control of the phosphorylation status of Atg13 and Atg1. The Atg1- Atg13 complex functions at multiple levels to mediate and adjust nutrient-dependent autophagic signaling. Involved in the autophagic degradation of dBruce which controls DNA fragmentation in nurse cells. (523 aa) | ||||
Vps15 | Vacuolar protein sorting 15 (Vps15) encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is a core component of the Vps34/class III PI3-Kinase complex. It is required for the production of PI3P and influences multiple vesicle trafficking pathways, including autophagy and endocytosis. (1342 aa) | ||||
Atg4b | Cysteine protease; Autophagy-related 4b (Atg4b) encodes a cysteine protease that cleaves the precursor product of Atg8a at the C-terminal region, thereby initiating autophagosome formation; Belongs to the peptidase C54 family. (668 aa) | ||||
Atg6 | Beclin-1-like protein; Autophagy-related 6 (Atg6) encodes a component of the Vps34 complex that is required for the formation of PI3P, and functions in vesicle trafficking including autophagy and endocytosis. (422 aa) | ||||
Atg7 | Autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) encodes an E1-type ligase for the autophagic ubiquitin-like proteins encoded by Atg8a and Atg12. Its roles include autophagosome formation, maintaining neuromuscular function and normal lifespan. (684 aa) | ||||
Atg12 | Autophagy protein 12-like; Required for autophagy. (111 aa) | ||||
Atg1 | Autophagy-related 1, isoform B; Autophagy-related 1 (Atg1) encodes a protein kinase that functions downstream of the product of Tor in the regulation of autophagy. (855 aa) | ||||
Atg18a | Autophagy-related 18a (Atg18a) encodes a protein that regulates autophagy by participating in isolation membrane elongation around cytoplasmic cargoes. (447 aa) | ||||
Atg9 | Autophagy-related protein 9; Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Plays a key role in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS), the nucleating site for formation of the sequestering vesicle. Belongs to the ATG9 family. (852 aa) | ||||
Atg18b | Autophagy-related 18b, isoform A; Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding; phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding. (471 aa) | ||||
Atg2 | Autophagy-related 2 (Atg2) encodes a protein known to be required for autophagy. (1906 aa) | ||||
Tor | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Tor; Promotes cell and tissue growth, maintains tissue homeostatis and controls responses to environmental stress and aging. Regulates growth during animal development by coupling growth factor signaling to nutrient availability. Central regulators of autophagy. May be involved in atg1 phosphorylation. May also be involved, directly or indirectly, in the control of neuronal function. Phosphorylates S6K/p70S6K, in vitro. May regulate the activity of S6K. Overexpression inhibits growth and reduces cell size. Affects the timing of neuronal cell differentiat [...] (2471 aa) | ||||
Atg16 | Autophagy-related 16 (Atg16) encodes a protein that forms an E3-like protein complex. This complex contributes to the the covalent binding of the lipid phosphatidylethanolamine to the product of Atg8a, a key autophagy protein involved in autophagosome biogenesis. The product of Atg16 is involved in autophagosome biogenesis, maintenance of proper neuromuscular function, lifespan, ethanol sedation, and enteroendocrine cell function in the intestine. (612 aa) | ||||
Atg10 | Autophagy-related 10, isoform B; Atg12 transferase activity; Atg12 conjugating enzyme activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: cellular protein modification process; macroautophagy. (172 aa) | ||||
mts | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A; Microtubule star (mts) encodes the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. It is involved in various developmental processes and signaling pathways, such as Hh signaling and Wingless signaling; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2A subfamily. (309 aa) | ||||
raptor | Raptor, isoform B; Raptor (raptor) encodes a crucial component of target of rapamycin (TOR) complex 1, which is a conserved regulator of cell growth and metabolism. (1621 aa) | ||||
Atg8b | Autophagy-related 8b, isoform A; Microtubule binding; protein tag; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; GABA receptor binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: macroautophagy; autophagosome maturation; cellular response to nitrogen starvation; autophagy of mitochondrion; autophagosome assembly. (120 aa) |