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| | CanB | Calcineurin subunit B type 1; Calcineurin is a calcium-binding and calmodulin-binding protein found in all cells from yeast to mammals, and a calcium- dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. (170 aa) |
| | CG3226 | LD13807p; Ubiquitin protein ligase binding; S100 protein binding; tubulin binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: heart development. (230 aa) |
| | fz4 | Frizzled-4; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (705 aa) |
| | SkpF | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (171 aa) |
| | CG15800 | Skp1_POZ domain-containing protein; Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (157 aa) |
| | Ssl | Protein kinase regulator activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein phosphorylation; Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family. (219 aa) |
| | Roc1b | RING-box protein 1B; Component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Through the RING-type zinc finger, seems to recruit the E2 ubiquitination enzyme to the complex and brings it into close proximity to the substrate (By similarity). Belongs to the RING-box family. (122 aa) |
| | dsh | Segment polarity protein dishevelled; Required to establish coherent arrays of polarized cells and segments in embryos. Plays a role in wingless (wg) signaling, possibly through the reception of the wg signal by target cells and subsequent redistribution of arm protein in response to that signal in embryos. This signal seems to be required to establish planar cell polarity and identity. (623 aa) |
| | CG2577 | CG2577-PA; Protein serine/threonine kinase activity; ATP binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; Wnt signaling pathway. (344 aa) |
| | CkIalpha | Casein kinase I isoform alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. Can phosphorylate a large number of proteins. Negative regulator of wg signaling. Phosphorylates arm directly or indirectly and stimulates its degradation which prevents inappropriate wg signaling. Phosphorylates smo which promotes its accumulation at the cell surface and its signaling activity in response to hh. Together with dco, regulates proteolytic processing of ci by phosphorylating it which promotes its binding to slmb, the F [...] (337 aa) |
| | por | Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine; Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase that acts as a key regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the attachment of palmitoleate, a 16-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid (C16:1), to Wnt proteins. Serine palmitoleylation of Wnt proteins is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors (By similarity). Also facilitates the glycosylation of Wnt family members, including wg and Wnt5. The cotranslational disulfide bond formation of wg competes with the N-glycosylation. Porc stimulates the post-translational N- glycosyla [...] (525 aa) |
| | SkpD | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (158 aa) |
| | SkpC | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (158 aa) |
| | SkpE | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (167 aa) |
| | nkd | Protein naked cuticle; Cell autonomous antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. May activate a second Wnt signaling pathway that controls planar cell polarity. Required for neuroblast specification. Belongs to the NKD family. (928 aa) |
| | sina | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase sina; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by mediating the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk). E3 Ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Acts via the formation of a complex with ebi and phyl that ubiquitinates the transcription repressor ttk, a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation, in a subset of photoreceptor cel [...] (314 aa) |
| | Notum | Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM; Carboxylesterase that acts as a key negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by specifically mediating depalmitoleoylation of WNT proteins. Serine palmitoleoylation of WNT proteins is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Also acts as a regulator of long-range activity of Hedgehog (hh), possibly by regulating the switch between low and high level hh pathway signaling. Belongs to the pectinacetylesterase family. Notum subfamily. (671 aa) |
| | dlp | Dally-like, isoform A; Dally-like (dlp) encodes a glypican that regulates the signaling strength and range of the morphogens encoded by hh and wg; Belongs to the glypican family. (765 aa) |
| | Cul6 | Cullin 6; Ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; Belongs to the cullin family. (670 aa) |
| | Tak1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; Component of a protein kinase signal transduction cascade. Mediator of TGF-beta signal transduction. Responsible for activation of the JNK MAPK pathway (basket, bsk and hemipterous, hep) in response to LPS. Component of the NF-kappa-B pathway; relish-mediated JNK inhibition involves proteasomal degradation of Tak1; certain targets of Relish that are induced during immune responses may facilitate destruction of Tak1 and switch off the JNK cascade. Participates in diverse roles such as control of cell shape and regulation of apoptosis. (678 aa) |
| | ebi | F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein ebi; F-box-like component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes; involved in R7 photoreceptor cell differentiation, cone cell development and neuronal cell cycle control. E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes mediate ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by participating in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk), a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation. Required to block the S phase entry in the peripheral [...] (700 aa) |
| | Psn | Presenilin homolog; Probable catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptor. Required for S3 cleavage of Notch, which releases activated Notch protein from the cell membrane. Involved in the patterning of the optic lobes. Belongs to the peptidase A22A family. (541 aa) |
| | CG12147 | AT15039p; ATP binding; protein serine/threonine kinase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. (477 aa) |
| | wg | Protein wingless; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Segment polarity protein. May be a growth factor. Acts on neighboring cells to regulate at least one gene, the homeobox segmentation gene engrailed. Wg signal represses arm phosphorylation. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the sgg repression of engrailed autoactivation. Wg and Wnt2 have a role in the developing trachea and together are responsible for all dorsal trunk formation. Wg also acts in the developing epidermis. Acts as a morphogen, [...] (468 aa) |
| | Ror | Ror (Ror) encodes a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase structurally related to vertebrate neural-specific Wnt-binding Ror receptors. It is primarily expressed in the nervous system and it is likely to signal through the ERK MAP kinase pathway. (685 aa) |
| | rk | Rickets (rk) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that signals intracellularly using the second messenger cAMP. It binds the heterodimeric hormone bursicon and is developmentally important for molting-related behaviors. It is also required after adult emergence for cuticle hardening and melanization. (1360 aa) |
| | CG7094 | FI08417p; Protein serine/threonine kinase activity; ATP binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; protein phosphorylation; negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. (390 aa) |
| | pont | RuvB-like helicase 1; Acts as a transcriptional coactivator in Wg signaling caused by altered arm signaling. Pont and rept interfere antagonistically with nuclear arm signaling function, and are required to enhance or reduce arm activity, respectively. Also an essential cofactor for the normal function of Myc; required for cellular proliferation and growth. (456 aa) |
| | wntD | Wnt inhibitor of Dorsal protein; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Belongs to the Wnt family. (309 aa) |
| | Takl1 | ATP binding; JUN kinase kinase kinase activity; protein kinase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: activation of JUN kinase activity. (393 aa) |
| | Mtl | Mig-2-like (Mtl) encodes a Rho GTPase involved in actin organization regulation. It contributes to multiple actin-mediated processes including dorsal closure, wound healing, cell migration, germ band shortening and salivary gland morphogenesis. (195 aa) |
| | Apc | APC-like, isoform A; APC-like (Apc) encodes one of two Drosophila APC family proteins. It is a key negative regulator of Wingless signaling, as a critical component of the destruction complex that phosphorylates beta-catenin and thus targets it for ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction. It is the primary family member during CNS and eye development, and functions redundantly with the product of Apc2 in adult development. (2417 aa) |
| | Axn | Axin (Axn) encodes the key scaffolding protein for the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. In the absence of signal, it targets the product of arm for proteolysis inhibiting Wnt signalling. In the presence of signal, it forms a part of the membrane activation complex, disrupting the product of arm degradation. This pathway play roles in cell proliferation (imaginal disc), differentiation (embryonic patterning), death and stemness. (745 aa) |
| | Pka-C2 | ATP binding; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity; protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein kinase A signaling; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation. (354 aa) |
| | gskt | Putative glycogen synthase kinase-3 homolog; Gasket (gskt) is a retro-transposed glycogen synthase kinase 3 gene, derived from sgg, that is required for male fertility. Like many genes retroposed from the X chromosome, it is highly expressed in the testis. (501 aa) |
| | CkIIbeta2 | Casein kinase II subunit beta; Participates in Wnt signaling (By similarity). Plays a complex role in regulating the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit; Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family. (219 aa) |
| | inaC | Protein kinase C, eye isozyme; This is a calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific enzyme. This isozyme is a negative regulator of the visual transduction cascade and has been shown to be required for photoreceptor cell inactivation and light adaptation. Negative regulation is dependent on interaction with scaffolding protein inaD. Acts in a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox- dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required for the activation of Cad99C and consequently Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, which is essential for the [...] (700 aa) |
| | Pkc53E | Protein kinase C, brain isozyme; PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins (By similarity). PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters (By similarity). Acts in a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required for the activation of Cad99C and consequently Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, which is essential for the Duox-dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to intestinal bacterial infection ; Belongs to the prote [...] (679 aa) |
| | Rho1 | Ras-like GTP-binding protein Rho1; Has a role in regulating actin cytoskeletal organization: required during early development for proper execution of morphogenetic movements of individual cells and groups of cells important for the formation of the embryonic body plan. Plays a role in regulating dorsal closure during embryogenesis. During axis elongation, required for Rho-kinase Rok planar polarity and adherens junction localization as well as for generating a planar polarized distribution of the actin-binding protein Shrm. During embryogenesis, acts upstream of wash to regulate the d [...] (192 aa) |
| | arr | Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Arrow (arr) encodes a type I trans-membrane protein and functions as an obligate co-receptor with the product of fz for the ligand encoded by wg in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The product of arr is involved in developmental patterning, cell survival and growth regulation; Belongs to the LDLR family. (1678 aa) |
| | SkpB | Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (161 aa) |
| | Cul1 | Cullin homolog 1; Core component of multiple SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as a rigid scaffold that organizes the SKP1-F-box protein and RBX1 subunits. May contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme. During early metamorphosis, part of the SCF-slmb complex that negatively regulates the InR/PI3K/TOR pathway to activate the pruning of unnecessary larv [...] (774 aa) |
| | pk | Protein prickle; Acts in a planar cell polarity (PCP) complex; polarization along the apical/basal axis of epithelial cells. Correct expression of the alternative isoforms is required for PCP signaling in imaginal disks. PCP signaling in the wing disk requires the receptor fz and the cytoplasmic proteins dsh and pk. These act in a feedback loop leading to activation of the jnk cascade and subsequent polarized arrangement of hairs and bristles. Dgo and pk compete with one another for dsh binding, thereby modulating fz dsh activity and ensuring tight control over fz PCP signaling. Vang, [...] (1299 aa) |
| | arm | Armadillo segment polarity protein; Isoform neural may associate with CadN and participate in the transmission of developmental information. Can associate with alpha- catenin. Isoform cytoplasmic accumulates through wg signaling; arm function in wg signal transduction is required early in development for determination of neuroblast fate. Arm and Abl proteins function cooperatively at adherens junctions in both the CNS and epidermis. Belongs to the beta-catenin family. (843 aa) |
| | gro | Groucho (gro) encodes a global developmental co-repressor in conjunction with manifold DNA-binding repressor partner proteins, which tether it to target promoters. It functions downstream of key signaling pathways such as Wg/Wnt and Dpp/TGF-beta. Notably, phosphorylation of the product of gro in response to MAPK activation weakens its repressor capacity. (730 aa) |
| | CkIIbeta | Casein kinase II beta subunit (CkIIbeta) encodes the regulatory subunit of the CKII holoenzyme, a protein serine/threonine kinase composed of a and b subunits. Interactions have been reported with other kinases (e.g., the products of PIP4K and S6kII), the RNA-binding protein encoded by orb , the Hedgehog signaling pathway and clock proteins such as the products of tim and per. The product of CkIIbeta functions in oogenesis, neurogenesis, development (brain and other tissues) as well as circadian behavior. (235 aa) |
| | Plc21C | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase classes I and II; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1318 aa) |
| | Pka-C1 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit 1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in memory formation. Promotes long-term memory by phosphorylating meng and by regulating CrebB protein stability and activity. As part of ethanol response in the glia, mediates ethanol-induced structural remodeling of actin cytoskeleton and perineurial membrane topology when anchored to the membrane. (353 aa) |
| | SkpA | SKP1-related A (SkpA) encodes a subunit of Skp, Cullin, F-box (SCF)-containing ubiquitin ligase complexes. It regulates centrosome duplication, chromatin condensation, cell cycle progression, cell polarity, dendrite pruning and endoreduplication. (162 aa) |
| | p120ctn | Adherens junction protein p120 (p120ctn) encodes an important modulator of cell adhesion. It binds to and stabilizes classic cadherin cell adhesion receptors at the cell surface. Unlike its mammalian homologs, it is non-essential but becomes essential if the levels of the product of shg are reduced. (781 aa) |
| | pan | Protein pangolin, isoform J; Pangolin (pan) encodes an HMG-domain transcription factor that is a key component of the canonical Wingless signaling pathway. It toggles between acting as a transcriptional repressor (when bound to the product of gro) and activator (when bound to the product of arm) to promote cell fate specification. (1192 aa) |
| | fz3 | Frizzled-3; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (646 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33236 | Stellate protein CG33236/CG33240/CG33244/CG33245; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33237 | Stellate protein CG33237; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33238 | Stellate protein CG33238; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33239 | Stellate protein CG33239/CG33241; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33242 | Ste:CG33242; Protein kinase regulator activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: regulation of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity. (171 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33243 | Stellate protein CG33243; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33246 | Stellate protein CG33246; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Ste:CG33247 | Stellate protein CG33247; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | SteXh:CG42398 | Casein kinase II subunit beta; Protein kinase regulator activity. (172 aa) |
| | CaMKII | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) encodes an abundant Ca[2+]-calmodulin-regulated serine/threonine protein kinase. In neurons it has a wide range of substrates in multiple subcellular compartments, regulating synaptic plasticity, excitability and cytoskeletal interactions. (531 aa) |
| | CycD | Cyclin D (CycD) encodes a protein that binds to the product of Cdk4, thereby promoting its kinase activity. The CycD-Cdk4 complex promotes cell growth and progression through the G1 phase - it phosphorylates and thereby inhibits the product of Rbf, the ortholog of the human tumor suppressor retinoblastoma protein. (477 aa) |
| | norpA | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes (By similarity). Essential component of the phototransduction pathway. Essential downstream component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required for the activation of Cad99C and consequently Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, which is essential for the Duox-dependent product [...] (1095 aa) |
| | sinah | Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase sinah; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The adapter phyl is required to direct the degradation of the two isoforms of the transcriptional repressor Tramtrack (Ttk). E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. It probably triggers the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of different substrates. A phyl-independent mechanism of degradation exists for [...] (351 aa) |
| | Takl2 | Tak1-like 2 (Takl2) encodes a putative serine-threonine kinase with similarity to the kinase encoded by Tak1. It has a mild wound closure phenotype in larval wound healing assays. (281 aa) |
| | CG40635 | Casein kinase II subunit beta; Protein kinase regulator activity. (88 aa) |
| | bsk | Stress-activated protein kinase JNK; Responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as Jra and also the transcriptional repressor aop, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. Component of the immune response activated by bacterial infection, and is involved in wound healing and in dorsal closure, a morphogenetic movement during embryogenesis. Functions in the systematic response to wounding acting downstream of the Hayan-phenoloxidase PPO1 cascade. Exhibits cytoprotective activity in neuronal c [...] (372 aa) |
| | nej | Nejire, isoform C; Nejire (nej) encodes the transcriptional co-activator CBP. It acetylates several nuclear proteins, including the histone encoded by His3 on K18, K27, and H4 on K8. By regulating gene expression, the product of nej has roles in cell proliferation, cell signaling and differentiation, and in developmental patterning. (3282 aa) |
| | Wnt10 | Wnt oncogene analog 10 (Wnt10) encodes a member of the Wnt protein family with unknown function; Belongs to the Wnt family. (483 aa) |
| | Wnt6 | Wnt oncogene analog 6 (Wnt6) encodes a member of the Wnt family that can activate canonical Wnt signaling. It is expressed in the dorsal/ventral boundary of the wing and the maxillary palp. It contributes to maxillary palp formation. (420 aa) |
| | DAAM | Dishevelled Associated Activator of Morphogenesis (DAAM) encodes a formin type of actin assembly factor regulated by Rho GTPases. It plays a role in tracheal tube length regulation, tracheal cuticle pattern formation, growth cone filopodia formation, sarcomerogenesis and axonal growth regulation in embryonic and mushroom body neurons. (1463 aa) |
| | CanA-14F | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit 3; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin. (584 aa) |
| | RhoL | Ras-like GTP-binding protein RhoL; Essential for the maturation of hemocytes. (214 aa) |
| | dally | Division abnormally delayed (dally) encodes a core protein of heparan sulfate proteoglycans of the glypican family. It acts as a co-receptor for growth factors and morphogens, such as the products of dpp, wg, hh, upd1 and FGFs, affecting signaling and distribution of these ligands. The roles of the product of dally include wing development and germline stem cell maintenance. (626 aa) |
| | Ste12DOR | Stellate orphon protein at 12D; Unknown. In males lacking the Y chromosome, its strong overexpression leads to the appearance of proteinaceous star-shaped crystals in the primary spermatocytes causing meiotic drive, possibly by interfering with normal casein kinase 2 activity. (172 aa) |
| | Pp2B-14D | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit 2; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily. (570 aa) |
| | CanB2 | Calcineurin subunit B type 2; Calcineurin is a calcium-binding and calmodulin-binding protein found in all cells from yeast to mammals, and a calcium- dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. (170 aa) |
| | esn | Espinas (esn) encodes a LIM domain protein that binds to the seven-pass transmembrane cadherin encoded by stan. This stan-esn interplay elicits repulsion between dendritic branches of sensory neurons; Belongs to the prickle / espinas / testin family. (1134 aa) |
| | slmb | Supernumerary limbs (slmb) encodes an essential, conserved F-box protein and a component of the SCF (Skp/Cullin/F-box) E3 ubiquitin-ligase, providing substrate specificity to the SCF. It negatively regulates multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes by promoting the proteasome-mediated degradation or cleavage of its targets, including the products of arm and ci (Wg and Hh signaling), SAK, per and Cap-H2. (597 aa) |
| | fz | Frizzled; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to inv [...] (612 aa) |
| | fz2 | Frizzled-2; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (806 aa) |
| | drl | Tyrosine-protein kinase Drl; Probable coreceptor of Wnt proteins. Involved in neuronal pathway recognition and ventral muscle attachment site selection. Non- vital for development. May be part of a signal transduction cascade involved in learning and possibly memory. (645 aa) |
| | Jra | Transcription factor AP-1; Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the enhancer heptamer motif 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. Plays a role in dorsal closure. Belongs to the bZIP family. Jun subfamily. (372 aa) |
| | Vang | Vang-like protein; Van Gogh (Vang) encodes a four-pass transmembrane protein that localizes to cell junctions. It is part of the Frizzled-dependent planar polarity pathway that establishes planar polarity in epithelia. It is also implicated in nervous system patterning. (608 aa) |
| | Myc | Myc protein; Participates in the regulation of gene transcription. Binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence CAC[GA]TG. Seems to activate the transcription of growth-related genes; required for cellular proliferation and growth. Functions in the TORC2-mediated regulation of cell growth, acting downstream of the TORC2 complex. Inhibits the demethylase activity of Lid. Activates transcription of mbm. Has a role in ribosome biogenesis and endoreplication in fat body cells by activating the transcription of LTV1. Able to induce the SCF E3 ubiqui [...] (717 aa) |
| | sgg | Protein kinase shaggy; Required for several developmental events such as syncytial blastoderm formation and embryonic segmentation. Is involved in transcriptional regulation. Required for arm phosphorylation. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the sgg repression of en autoactivation. Negatively controls the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) growth in presynaptic motoneurons. Plays a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and actin cytoskeleton during embryogenesis. Required for phosphorylation of sra in activated eggs. Essential for completion of meiosis, possibly by triggering c [...] (1168 aa) |
| | Rac1 | Ras-related protein Rac1; During various developmental processes, regulates changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. During oogenesis, mediates signaling from the tyrosine kinase (RTK) chemoattractant receptors (Egfr and Pvr) to the guidance pathway that control the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Once activating by Pvr and Egfr, promotes the formation of forward-directed actin protrusions which stabilize the DE- cadherin (shg)-mediated adhesions. In turn, DE-mediated adhesion bet [...] (192 aa) |
| | Rac2 | Ras-related protein Rac2; Involved in integrin alpha-PS3/beta-nu-mediated phagocytosis of Gram-positive S.aureus by hemocytes. (192 aa) |
| | CtBP | C-terminal-binding protein; Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators. Hairy-interacting protein required for embryonic segmentation and hairy-mediated transcriptional repression; Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. (481 aa) |
| | CanA1 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit 1; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily. (622 aa) |
| | dco | Discs overgrown protein kinase; Involved in circadian rhythms, viability and molecular oscillations of the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim). Dbt reduces the stability and thus the accumulation of monomeric per proteins, probably through phosphorylation. No evident circadian oscillation is detected in head. Together with CkIalpha, regulates processing of ci by phosphorylating it which promotes its binding to slmb, the F-box recognition component of the SCF(slmb) E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase. (440 aa) |
| | dnt | Tyrosine-protein kinase Dnt; Doughnut on 2 (dnt) encodes a Ryk family Wnt receptor-tyrosine kinase-related protein. It can form homo- and heterodimers with the other two Ryks (encoded by Drl-2 and drl) via binding the ligand encoded by Wnt5. dnt and drl products act during embryonic muscle attachment site selection. (584 aa) |
| | Med | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog; Medea (Med) encodes a protein that belongs to the highly conserved Smad family. It can bind its siblings encoded by Mad or Smox to facilitate signal transduction for the product of dpp or Activin ligands in the TGF-beta family. Med-complexes function as transcriptional regulators. Many developmental roles include dorsal-ventral patterning, patterning and proliferation of the wing disc and gene expression in the mushroom body of the larval brain. (771 aa) |
| | shf | Protein shifted; Required for normal accumulation and movement of lipid- modified hedgehog (hh) morphogen. May act by stabilizing the interaction between heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and hh, HSPGs being required for diffusion of hh morphogen. Not involved in wingless (wg) morphogen movement, suggesting that it may provide HSPG specificity for Hh. (460 aa) |
| | Smox | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog; Smad on X (Smox) encodes the primary transcription factor that mediates Activin signalling. Upon phosphorylation by the receptor encoded by babo, it forms a complex with the co-Smad protein encoded by Med. This complex translocates to the nucleus where it regulates expression of target genes. (486 aa) |
| | CG43089 | GEO10396p1; Cullin family protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Belongs to the SKP1 family. (144 aa) |
| | Wnt5 | Protein Wnt-5; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Probable developmental protein. May be a signaling molecule which affects the development of discrete regions of tissues. Is likely to signal over only few cell diameters. May have a role in limb and CNS development; may be a downstream target of Dll that acts in the specification of these primordia; Belongs to the Wnt family. (1004 aa) |
| | CkIIalpha | Casein kinase II subunit alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. The alpha chain contains the catalytic site. May participate in Wnt signaling; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CK2 subfamily. (336 aa) |
| | Cby | Chibby, isoform E; Chibby (Cby) encodes a protein involved in ciliogenesis and basal body transition zone formation. (132 aa) |
| | Apc2 | Adenomatous polyposis coli 2 (Apc2) encodes one of two Drosophila APC family proteins. It is a key negative regulator of Wingless signaling, as a critical component of the destruction complex that phosphorylates beta-catenin and thus targets it for ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction. It is the primary APC family member during embryonic development, and functions redundantly with the product of Apc in adult development. (1067 aa) |
| | nmo | Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Nemo (nmo) encodes an atypical proline-directed serine/threonine kinase with roles in numerous developmental processes, including ommatidial rotation/planar cell polarity, retinal specification and neuronal function, and circadian clock speed. It regulates the activity of several signal transduction pathways, including BMP, Wnt, and Notch, and is implicated in fly models of neurodegenerative diseases; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. (439 aa) |
