STRINGSTRING
gyrB gyrB Rv3817 Rv3817 embB embB embA embA embC embC dprE1 dprE1 nat nat Rv3406 Rv3406 whiB7 whiB7 Rv3168 Rv3168 mmr mmr drrC drrC drrB drrB drrA drrA thyA thyA Rv2688c Rv2688c Rv2687c Rv2687c Rv2686c Rv2686c jefA jefA folC folC eis eis stp stp uppP uppP blaC blaC pncA pncA Rv2005c Rv2005c katG katG blaI blaI lysX lysX Rv1634 Rv1634 ileS ileS inhA inhA lprG lprG Rv1410c Rv1410c tap tap Rv1218c Rv1218c Rv1217c Rv1217c rpsL rpsL rpoB rpoB pknG pknG iniA iniA aac aac Rv0194 Rv0194 Rv0191 Rv0191 dnaN dnaN gyrA gyrA
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
gyrBDNA gyrase subunit B; A type II topoisomerase that negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded (ds) DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to maintain chromosomes in an underwound state, while in the absence of ATP it relaxes supercoiled dsDNA. . Also catalyzes the interconversion of other topological isomers of dsDNA rings, including catenanes. Gyrase from M.tuberculosis has higher decatenation than supercoiling activity compared to E.coli; as M.tuberculosis only has 1 type II topoisomerase, gyrase has to fulfill the decatenation function of topoisomerase IV as well. At comparable c [...] (675 aa)
Rv3817Rv3817, (MTCY409.13c), len: 251 aa. Possible phosphotransferase, similar to many phosphotransferases e.g. O53023 kanamycin marker from Escherichia coli (264 aa), FASTA scores: opt: 232, E(): 7.5e-08, (32.4% identity in 247 aa overlap); BAA78209|NEO neomycine phosphotransferase from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (264 aa), FASTA scores: opt: 227, E(): 1.6e-07, (32.0% identity in 247 aa overlap); AAG09774 aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase from Vibrio cholerae (264 aa), FASTA scores: opt: 227, E(): 1.6e-07, (32.0% identity in 247 aa overlap); P00552|KKA2_KLEPN|NEO|KAN aminoglycosi [...] (251 aa)
embBProbable arabinosyltransferase B; Arabinosyl transferase responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan of arabinogalactan; Belongs to the emb family. (1098 aa)
embAProbable arabinosyltransferase A; Arabinosyl transferase responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan of arabinogalactan. (1094 aa)
embCProbable arabinosyltransferase C; Arabinosyl transferase responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan of arabinogalactan. (1094 aa)
dprE1Decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-D-ribose 2'-oxidase; Component of the DprE1-DprE2 complex that catalyzes the 2- step epimerization of decaprenyl-phospho-ribose (DPR) to decaprenyl- phospho-arabinose (DPA), a key precursor that serves as the arabinose donor required for the synthesis of cell-wall arabinans. DprE1 catalyzes the first step of epimerization, namely FAD-dependent oxidation of the C2' hydroxyl of DPR to yield the keto intermediate decaprenyl-phospho-2'-keto-D- arabinose (DPX). The intermediate DPX is then transferred to DprE2 subunit of the epimerase complex, most probably through [...] (461 aa)
natArylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase); Catalyzes the transfer of the acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A to the free amino group of arylamines and hydrazines. Is able to utilize not only acetyl-CoA, but also n- propionyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA as acyl donors, although at a lower rate. As acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA are products of cholesterol catabolism and the nat gene is likely present in the same operon than genes involved in cholesterol degradation, this enzyme could have a role in the utilization and regulation of these CoA species. (283 aa)
Rv3406Probable dioxygenase; Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent sulfate ester dioxygenase, which oxidizes medium-chain alkyl-sulfate esters. Shows preference for 2-ethylhexyl sulfate (2-EHS) in vitro, leading to the formation of succinate and 2-ethylhexanal. Has likely a role in sulfate scavenging in vivo. (295 aa)
whiB7Probable transcriptional regulatory protein WhiB-like WhiB7; The apo- but not holo-form probably binds DNA (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Probably redox- responsive. Upon overproduction at least 10 other genes are up- regulated, among them are Rv1258c, Rv1988, Rv2301, Rv2416c, Rv2725c and whiB7 itself. Probably redox-responsive. The apo-form has been shown to act as a protein disulfide reductase. (92 aa)
Rv3168Putative aminoglycoside phosphotransferase; Might catalyze the phosphorylation of aminoglycosides and confer aminoglycoside antibiotics resistance. (378 aa)
mmrMultidrugs-transport integral membrane protein Mmr; Multidrug efflux pump. Confers resistance to tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP), erythromycin, ethidium bromide, acriflavine, safranin O, pyronin Y and methyl viologen. Belongs to the drug/metabolite transporter (DMT) superfamily. Small multidrug resistance (SMR) (TC 2.A.7.1) family. Mmr subfamily. (107 aa)
drrCProbable daunorubicin-dim-transport integral membrane protein ABC transporter DrrC; Probably part of the ABC transporter complex DrrABC involved in doxorubicin resistance. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane; Belongs to the ABC-2 integral membrane protein family. (276 aa)
drrBDaunorubicin-dim-transport integral membrane protein ABC transporter DrrB; Part of the ABC transporter complex DrrABC involved in doxorubicin resistance. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane; Belongs to the ABC-2 integral membrane protein family. (289 aa)
drrADaunorubicin-dim-transport ATP-binding protein ABC transporter DrrA; Part of the ABC transporter complex DrrABC involved in doxorubicin resistance. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. Binds ATP; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Drug exporter-1 (DrugE1) (TC 3.A.1.105) family. (331 aa)
thyAProbable thymidylate synthase ThyA (ts) (TSASE); Catalyzes the reductive methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine-5'- monophosphate (dUMP) to 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP) while utilizing 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (mTHF) as the methyl donor and reductant in the reaction, yielding dihydrofolate (DHF) as a by- product. This enzymatic reaction provides an intracellular de novo source of dTMP, an essential precursor for DNA biosynthesis. Belongs to the thymidylate synthase family. Bacterial-type ThyA subfamily. (263 aa)
Rv2688cAntibiotic-transport ATP-binding protein ABC transporter; Part of the ABC transporter complex Rv2686c/Rv2687c/Rv2688c involved in fluoroquinolones export. Confers resistance to ciprofloxacin and, to a lesser extent, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin and sparfloxacin. Probably responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. (301 aa)
Rv2687cAntibiotic-transport integral membrane leucine and valine rich protein ABC transporter; Part of the ABC transporter complex Rv2686c/Rv2687c/Rv2688c involved in fluoroquinolones export. Confers resistance to ciprofloxacin and, to a lesser extent, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin and sparfloxacin. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. (237 aa)
Rv2686cAntibiotic-transport integral membrane leucine and alanine and valine rich protein ABC transporter; Part of the ABC transporter complex Rv2686c/Rv2687c/Rv2688c involved in fluoroquinolones export. Confers resistance to ciprofloxacin and, to a lesser extent, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin and sparfloxacin. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. (252 aa)
jefAProbable conserved integral membrane transport protein; Involved in resistance to ethambutol and isoniazid. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (508 aa)
folCProbable folylpolyglutamate synthase protein FolC (folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase) (FPGS); Catalyzes the addition of a glutamate residue to dihydropteroate (7,8-dihydropteroate or H2Pte) to form dihydrofolate (7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate or H2Pte-Glu). Also catalyzes successive additions of L-glutamate to tetrahydrofolate, leading to folylpolyglutamate derivatives (By similarity). (487 aa)
eisEnhanced intracellular survival protein Eis,GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase; Effector that is released into the host cell and affects host immune responses; it negatively modulates inflammation, macrophage autophagy, and cell death through redox-dependent signaling. Acts as an acetyltransferase. Acetylates 'Lys-55' of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 16 (DUSP16)/mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-7 (MKP-7), a JNK- specific phosphatase; this leads to the inhibition of JNK-dependent autophagy, phagosome maturation, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation for enhanced [...] (402 aa)
stpIntegral membrane drug efflux protein Stp; Contributes to spectinomycin and tetracycline resistance. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. EmrB family. (537 aa)
uppPPossible conserved transmembrane protein; Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP). Confers resistance to bacitracin. (276 aa)
blaCClass a beta-lactamase BlaC; Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) that inactivates beta-lactam antibiotics by hydrolyzing the amide group of the beta- lactam ring. Displays high levels of penicillinase and cephalosporinase activity as well as measurable activity with carbapenems, including imipenem and meropenem. Plays a primary role in the intrinsic resistance of M.tuberculosis to beta-lactam antibiotics. (307 aa)
pncAPyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase PncA (PZase); Catalyzes the deamidation of nicotinamide (NAM) into nicotinate. Likely functions in the cyclical salvage pathway for production of NAD from nicotinamide (By similarity). Belongs to the isochorismatase family. (186 aa)
Rv2005cUniversal stress protein family protein; Probably involved in aminoglycosides resistance and virulence. Overexpression increases resistance to the aminoglycosides amikacin (AK) and kanamycin (KM). (295 aa)
katGCatalase-peroxidase-peroxynitritase T KatG; Bifunctional enzyme with both catalase and broad-spectrum peroxidase activity, oxidizing various electron donors including NADP(H). Protects M.tuberculosis against toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide as well as organic peroxides and thus contributes to its survival within host macrophages by countering the phagocyte oxidative burst. Also displays efficient peroxynitritase activity, which may help the bacterium to persist in macrophages. Catalyzes the oxidative activation of the antitubercular pro- drug isoniazid (I [...] (740 aa)
blaITranscriptional repressor BlaI; Transcription regulator that binds to an inverted DNA repeat with the consensus sequence 5'-TAC[GT]AC-NNNNN-GT[AC]GTA-3' and regulates genes involved in antibiotic transport, detoxification and cell wall function. Also regulates its own transcription. Binds DNA as a dimer; Belongs to the BlaI transcriptional regulatory family. (138 aa)
lysXLysyl-tRNA synthetase 2 LysX; Catalyzes the production of L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys)transfer and the transfer of a lysyl group from L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys) to membrane-bound phosphatidylglycerol (PG), which produces lysylphosphatidylglycerol (LPG), one of the components of the bacterial membrane with a positive net charge. LPG synthesis contributes to the resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and likely protects M.tuberculosis against the CAMPs produced by competiting microorganisms (bacteriocins). In fact, the modification of anionic phosphatidylglycerol with positively charged L-lys [...] (1172 aa)
Rv1634Possible drug efflux membrane protein; Could be involved in fluoroquinolones efflux. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (471 aa)
ileSIsoleucyl-tRNA synthetase IleS; Catalyzes the attachment of isoleucine to tRNA(Ile). As IleRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as valine, to avoid such errors it has two additional distinct tRNA(Ile)-dependent editing activities. One activity is designated as 'pretransfer' editing and involves the hydrolysis of activated Val-AMP. The other activity is designated 'posttransfer' editing and involves deacylation of mischarged Val-tRNA(Ile) (By similarity). (1041 aa)
inhANADH-dependent enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase InhA (NADH-dependent enoyl-ACP reductase); Enoyl-ACP reductase of the type II fatty acid syntase (FAS- II) system, which is involved in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids, a major component of mycobacterial cell walls. Catalyzes the NADH-dependent reduction of the double bond of 2-trans- enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein], an essential step in the fatty acid elongation cycle of the FAS-II pathway. Shows preference for long-chain fatty acyl thioester substrates (>C16), and can also use 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs as alternative substrates. The mycob [...] (269 aa)
lprGConserved lipoprotein LprG; Probably helps membrane protein Rv1410c (P55) transport triacylglycerides (TAG) across the inner cell membrane into the periplasm; TAG probably regulates lipid metabolism and growth regulation. Binds TAG and transfers it between lipid bilayers, probably to the outer membrane in vivo. Binds di- and triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs), and glycolipid lipoglycan modulins lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and lipomannan (LM), facilitating their recognition by TLR2. Binds LM > PIM6 > ManLAM > PI-LAM > PIM2 (mannose-capped LAM and phospho-myo-inositol-ca [...] (236 aa)
Rv1410cAminoglycosides/tetracycline-transport integral membrane protein; In association with lipoprotein LprG probably transports triacylglycerides (TAG) across the inner cell membrane into the periplasm; TAG probably regulates lipid metabolism and growth regulation. Confers resistance to ethidium bromide, possibly acting as an efflux pump, requires LprG lipoprotein for normal function. With LprG maintains cell wall permeability. Probably required with LprG for normal surface localization of LAM. Overexpression of LprG and Rv1410c leads to increased levels of TAG in the culture medium. Belong [...] (518 aa)
tapProbable conserved integral membrane transport protein; Efflux pump that contributes to intrinsic antibiotic resistance. The pump uses the electrochemical gradient as a source of energy (By similarity). Confers resistance to rifampicin. Confers low-level resistance to tetracycline and to several aminoglycosides, including streptomycin, gentamicin, 2'-N- ethylnetilmicin and 6'-N-ethylnetilmicin. (419 aa)
Rv1218cProbable tetronasin-transport ATP-binding protein ABC transporter; Probably part of the ABC transporter complex Rv1217c-Rv1218c involved in the resistance to a wide range of structurally unrelated drugs. Could be involved in the efflux of substrates belonging to the diverse chemical classes of novobiocins, biarylpiperazines, pyridines, bisanilinopyrimidines, pyrroles and, to a smaller extent, pyrazolones. Probably responsible for energy coupling to the transport system (Probable). (311 aa)
Rv1217cProbable tetronasin-transport integral membrane protein ABC transporter; Probably part of the ABC transporter complex Rv1217c-Rv1218c involved in the resistance to a wide range of structurally unrelated drugs. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (Probable). (548 aa)
rpsL30S ribosomal protein S12 RpsL; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. (124 aa)
rpoBDNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. (1172 aa)
pknGSerine/threonine-protein kinase PknG (protein kinase G) (STPK G); Phosphorylates GarA. May play a role in metabolic regulation via control of the phosphorylation status of GarA. Plays a crucial role in the survival of mycobacteria within host macrophages, by blocking the intracellular degradation of mycobacteria in lysosomes. Required for intrinsic antibiotic resistance. (750 aa)
iniAIsoniazid inductible gene protein IniA; Participates in the development of tolerance to both isoniazid and ethambutol. May function through a MDR-pump like mechanism, although it does not appear to directly transport isoniazid from the cell. (640 aa)
aacAminoglycoside 2'-N-acetyltransferase Aac (Aac(2')-IC); May catalyze the coenzyme A-dependent acetylation of the 2' hydroxyl or amino group of a broad spectrum of aminoglycosides and confer resistance to aminoglycosides (By similarity). In vitro assays show no significant increase of resistance to aminoglycosides, possibly due to low expression in a heterologous system. Belongs to the AAC(2')-I acetyltransferase family. (181 aa)
Rv0194Probable transmembrane multidrug efflux pump; Overexpression in M. smegmatis increases resistance to erythromycin, ampicillin, novobiocin and vancomycin. It also reduces accumulation of ethidium bromide in the cell. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Lipid exporter (TC 3.A.1.106) family. (1194 aa)
Rv0191Probable conserved integral membrane protein; Active efflux pump that plays an important role in chloramphenicol resistance. Overexpression causes pyrazinamide resistance. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (413 aa)
dnaNDNA polymerase III (beta chain) DnaN (DNA nucleotidyltransferase); Confers DNA tethering and processivity to DNA polymerases and other proteins. Acts as a clamp, forming a ring around DNA (a reaction catalyzed by the clamp-loading complex) which diffuses in an ATP- independent manner freely and bidirectionally along dsDNA. Initially characterized for its ability to contact the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase III (Pol III), a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria; Pol III exhibits 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activity. The beta ch [...] (402 aa)
gyrADNA gyrase subunit A; A type II topoisomerase that negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded (ds) DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to maintain chromosomes in an underwound state, while in the absence of ATP it relaxes supercoiled dsDNA. Also catalyzes the interconversion of other topological isomers of dsDNA rings, including catenanes. Gyrase from M.tuberculosis has higher decatenation than supercoiling activity compared to E.coli; as M.tuberculosis only has 1 type II topoisomerase, gyrase has to fulfill the decatenation function of topoisomerase IV as well. At comparable con [...] (838 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
NCBI taxonomy Id: 83332
Other names: M. tuberculosis H37Rv, Mycobacterium sp. H37Rv, Mycobacterium tuberculosis str. H37Rv, Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv
Server load: low (22%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.