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ripA | Peptidoglycan hydrolase; Peptidoglycan endopeptidase that cleaves the bond between D- glutamate and meso-diaminopimelate. Binds and degrades high-molecular weight peptidoglycan from a number of Actinobacteria; activity is increased in the presence of RpfB and inhibited by PBP1A (ponA1). Required for normal separation of daughter cells after cell division and for cell wall integrity. Required for host cell invasion and intracellular survival in host macrophages. Belongs to the peptidase C40 family. (472 aa) | ||||
Rv1433 | Possible conserved exported protein; Probable L,D-transpeptidase that may perform as-yet-unknown cross-linking reactions in M.tuberculosis. Is not able to generate 3->3 cross-links in peptidoglycan, using tetrapeptide stems as acyl donor substrates. May function in the anchoring of proteins to peptidoglycan. (271 aa) | ||||
murA | Probable UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase MurA; Cell wall formation. Adds enolpyruvyl to UDP-N- acetylglucosamine; Belongs to the EPSP synthase family. MurA subfamily. (418 aa) | ||||
murI | Probable glutamate racemase MurI; Provides the (R)-glutamate required for cell wall biosynthesis. (271 aa) | ||||
rfe | Decaprenyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase; Involved in the biosynthesis of the disaccharide D-N- acetylglucosamine-L-rhamnose which plays an important role in the mycobacterial cell wall as a linker connecting arabinogalactan and peptidoglycan via a phosphodiester linkage. Catalyzes the transfer of the N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcNAc-1P) moiety from UDP-GlcNAc onto the carrier lipid decaprenyl phosphate (C50-P), yielding GlcNAc- pyrophosphoryl-decaprenyl (GlcNAc-PP-C50). (404 aa) | ||||
glmU | Probable UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase GlmU; Catalyzes the last two sequential reactions in the de novo biosynthetic pathway for UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). The C- terminal domain catalyzes the transfer of acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A to glucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcN-1-P) to produce N- acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcNAc-1-P), which is converted into UDP-GlcNAc by the transfer of uridine 5-monophosphate (from uridine 5- triphosphate), a reaction catalyzed by the N-terminal domain. (495 aa) | ||||
prsA | Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase; Involved in the biosynthesis of the central metabolite phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) and of the decaprenylphosphoryl-arabinose (DPA), an essential precursor for the mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of pyrophosphoryl group from ATP to 1-hydroxyl of ribose-5-phosphate (Rib- 5-P) to yield phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRPP) and AMP. It can also use GTP, CTP and UTP as diphosphoryl donors. (326 aa) | ||||
aftA | Arabinofuranosyltransferase AftA; Involved in the biosynthesis of the arabinogalactan (AG) region of the mycolylarabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (mAGP) complex, an essential component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Catalyzes the addition of the first key arabinofuranosyl (Araf) residue from the sugar donor decaprenyl-phospho-arabinose (DPA) on the C-5 of a 6-linked galactofuranosyl (Galf) of the galactan domain, thus 'priming' the galactan for further elaboration by other arabinofuranosyltransferases. It is not able to add an Araf residue to a terminal Galf. Belongs to the glycosyltransf [...] (643 aa) | ||||
embC | Probable arabinosyltransferase C; Arabinosyl transferase responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan of arabinogalactan. (1094 aa) | ||||
embA | Probable arabinosyltransferase A; Arabinosyl transferase responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan of arabinogalactan. (1094 aa) | ||||
embB | Probable arabinosyltransferase B; Arabinosyl transferase responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan of arabinogalactan; Belongs to the emb family. (1098 aa) | ||||
aftB | Possible arabinofuranosyltransferase AftB; Involved in the biosynthesis of the arabinogalactan (AG) region of the mycolylarabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (mAGP) complex, an essential component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Catalyzes the transfer of arabinofuranosyl (Araf) residues from the sugar donor decaprenyl-phospho-arabinose (DPA) to the arabinan domain to form terminal beta-(1->2)-linked Araf residues, which marks the end point for AG arabinan biosynthesis before decoration with mycolic acids. (627 aa) | ||||
ubiA | Decaprenyl-phosphate phosphoribosyltransferase; Involved in the biosynthesis of decaprenylphosphoryl arabinose (DPA) a precursor for arabinan synthesis in mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of a 5-phosphoribosyl residue from phosphoribose diphosphate (pRpp) to decaprenyl phosphate (DP) to form decaprenylphosphoryl-5-phosphoribose (DPPR). The enzyme favors polyprenyl phosphate with 50-60 carbon atoms uses C-75 polyprenyl phosphate less efficiently than C-50 or C-60. Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family. (302 aa) | ||||
Rv3807c | Possible conserved transmembrane protein; Involved in the biosynthesis of decaprenylphosphoryl arabinose (DPA) a precursor for arabinan synthesis in mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Could be involved in the dephosphorylation of decaprenylphosphoryl-5-phosphoribose (DPPR) to decaprenyl-phospho- ribose (DPR) (By similarity). (165 aa) | ||||
glfT2 | Bifunctional UDP-galactofuranosyl transferase GlfT2; Involved in the galactan polymerization of the arabinogalactan (AG) region of the mycolylarabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (mAGP) complex, an essential component of the mycobacteria cell wall. Thus, successively transfers approximately 28 galactofuranosyl (Galf) residues from UDP-galactofuranose (UDP-Galf) onto the galactofuranosyl- galactofuranosyl-rhamnosyl-GlcNAc-diphospho-decaprenol (Galf-Galf-Rha- GlcNAc-PP-C50) acceptor produced by GlfT1, with alternating 1->5 and 1->6 links, forming a galactan domain with approximately 30 galactof [...] (637 aa) | ||||
glf | UDP-galactopyranose mutase; Catalyzes the interconversion through a 2-keto intermediate of uridine diphosphogalactopyranose (UDP-GalP) into uridine diphosphogalactofuranose (UDP-GalF) which is a key building block for cell wall construction in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (399 aa) | ||||
sap | Probable conserved integral membrane protein; Required for the transport across the inner membrane of sulfolipid-1 (SL-1), which is a major cell wall lipid of pathogenic mycobacteria. Could also transport SL1278 (2-palmitoyl-3-(C43)- phthioceranyl-alpha, alpha'-D-trehalose-2'-sulfate), which is the precursor of SL-1. May potentiate SL-1 levels and confer specificity for sulfolipids over structurally similar glycolipids. (237 aa) | ||||
mmpL8 | Conserved integral membrane transport protein MmpL8; Required for the biosynthesis and the transport across the inner membrane of sulfolipid-1 (SL-1), which is a major cell wall lipid of pathogenic mycobacteria. Could also transport SL1278 (2-palmitoyl-3- (C43)-phthioceranyl-alpha, alpha'-D-trehalose-2'-sulfate), which is the precursor of SL-1. Required for virulence. (1089 aa) | ||||
cwlM | Probable peptidoglycan hydrolase; Cell-wall hydrolase that hydrolyzes the amide bond between N- acetylmuramic acid and L-alanine in cell-wall glycopeptides. Is able to lyse whole mycobacteria, release peptidoglycan from the cell wall of M.luteus and M.smegmatis, and cleave N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D- isoglutamine, releasing free N-acetylmuramic acid and dipeptide. (406 aa) | ||||
lpqR | Probable conserved lipoprotein LpqR; Catalyzes hydrolysis of the D-alanyl-D-alanine dipeptide. (256 aa) | ||||
lprQ | Probable conserved lipoprotein LprQ; Generates 3->3 cross-links in peptidoglycan, catalyzing the cleavage of the mDap(3)-D-Ala(4) bond of a tetrapeptide donor stem and the formation of a bond between the carbonyl of mDap(3) of the donor stem and the side chain of mDap(3) of the acceptor stem. Is specific for donor substrates containing a stem tetrapeptide since it cannot use pentapeptide stems. (451 aa) | ||||
murB | Probable UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase MurB (UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase); Cell wall formation. (369 aa) | ||||
ufaA1 | Tuberculostearic acid methyltransferase UfaA1; Involved in the biosynthesis of the tuberculostearic acid (10-methylstearic-acid or TSA), a constituent lipid of the mycobacterial cell wall. Catalyzes the transfer of the methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the double bond of oleic acid in phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine to produce TSA. Belongs to the CFA/CMAS family. (427 aa) | ||||
lpqI | Probable conserved lipoprotein LpqI; Plays a role in peptidoglycan recycling by cleaving the terminal beta-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from peptidoglycan fragments. Acts as a regulator for GlcNAc-MurNAc levels by cleaving disaccharides and allowing the breakdown of MurNAc. (388 aa) | ||||
mmpL3 | Possible conserved transmembrane transport protein MmpL3; Transports trehalose monomycolate (TMM) across the inner membrane. Could also be part of a heme-iron acquisition system. Belongs to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) (TC 2.A.6) family. MmpL subfamily. (944 aa) | ||||
pbpA | Probable penicillin-binding protein PbpA; Cell wall formation. Plays an important role in cell division and cell shape maintenance by cross-linking adjacent peptidoglycan chains through transpeptidation; Belongs to the transpeptidase family. (491 aa) | ||||
Rv0192 | Conserved hypothetical protein; Generates 3->3 cross-links in peptidoglycan, catalyzing the cleavage of the mDap(3)-D-Ala(4) bond of a tetrapeptide donor stem and the formation of a bond between the carbonyl of mDap(3) of the donor stem and the side chain of mDap(3) of the acceptor stem. Is specific for donor substrates containing a stem tetrapeptide since it cannot use pentapeptide stems. (366 aa) | ||||
ldtA | Probable L,D-transpeptidase LdtA; Generates 3->3 cross-links in peptidoglycan, catalyzing the cleavage of the mDap(3)-D-Ala(4) bond of a tetrapeptide donor stem and the formation of a bond between the carbonyl of mDap(3) of the donor stem and the side chain of mDap(3) of the acceptor stem. Is specific for donor substrates containing a stem tetrapeptide since it cannot use pentapeptide stems. Is thought to play a role in adaptation to the nonreplicative state of M.tuberculosis. (251 aa) | ||||
ponA1 | Penicillin-insensitive transglycosylase; Cell wall formation. Synthesis of cross-linked peptidoglycan from the lipid intermediates. The enzyme has a penicillin-insensitive transglycosylase N-terminal domain (formation of linear glycan strands) and a penicillin-sensitive transpeptidase C-terminal domain (cross- linking of the peptide subunits) (By similarity). Has little peptidoglycan hydrolytic activity; however it inhibits the synergistic peptidoglycan hydrolysis of RipA plus RpfB. (678 aa) | ||||
Rv3789 | GTRA family protein; Required for arabinosylation of arabinogalactan (AG), an essential component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Probably acts as an anchor protein recruiting AftA, the first arabinosyl transferase involved in AG biosynthesis; Belongs to the GtrA family. (121 aa) | ||||
glfT1 | UDP-galactofuranosyl transferase GlfT1; Involved in the biosynthesis of the arabinogalactan (AG) region of the mycolylarabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (mAGP) complex, an essential component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Catalyzes the transfer of the first two galactofuranosyl (Galf) units from UDP- galactofuranose (UDP-Galf) onto the rhamnosyl-GlcNAc-diphospho- decaprenol (Rha-GlcNAc-PP-C50) acceptor, yielding galactofuranosyl- galactofuranosyl-rhamnosyl-GlcNAc-diphospho-decaprenol (Galf-Galf-Rha- GlcNAc-PP-C50). Thus, GlfT1 is the initiator of galactan synthesis, while GlfT2 continues [...] (304 aa) | ||||
Rv3717 | Conserved hypothetical protein; Cell-wall hydrolase that hydrolyzes the amide bond between N- acetylmuramic acid and L-alanine in cell-wall glycopeptides. Is able to hydrolyze the cell walls of several bacterial species (i.e. Paenibacillus sp., B.avium, E.coli DH5alpha, E.aerogenes, L.acidophilus, B.thuringiensis, B.pumilus, B.subtilis and E.coli W3110), thereby showing that it is a cell-wall hydrolase with broad-spectrum activity. May have a role in peptidoglycan fragment recycling. Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 3 family. (241 aa) | ||||
Rv3627c | Conserved protein; Carboxypeptidase that cleaves terminal D-alanine from peptidoglycan in the mycobacterial cell wall. May cleave L-Lys-D-Ala and/or D-Ala-D-Ala peptide bonds. Exerts important effects on mycobacterial cell morphology and cell division. Belongs to the peptidase S13 family. (461 aa) | ||||
ddlA | Probable D-alanine--D-alanine ligase DdlA (D-alanylalanine synthetase) (D-ala-D-ala ligase); Catalyzes the ATP-driven ligation of two D-alanine molecules to form the D-alanyl-D-alanine dipeptide. This molecule is a key building block in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. (373 aa) | ||||
mmpL7 | Conserved transmembrane transport protein MmpL7; Required for export of phthiocerol dimycocerosate (PDIM) to the cell wall. Essential for normal replication during the active-growth phase of the murine tuberculosis model. (920 aa) | ||||
chiZ | Possible conserved membrane protein; Cell wall hydrolase that modulates cell division process. Probably acts by modulating FtsZ ring assembly. Murein hydrolase activity is targeted to sites of nascent peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis. Overproduction compromises midcell localization of FtsZ rings, but has no effect on the intracellular levels of FtsZ. (165 aa) | ||||
aftC | Possible arabinofuranosyltransferase AftC; Involved in the biosynthesis of the arabinogalactan (AG) region of the mycolylarabinogalactan-peptidoglycan (mAGP) complex, an essential component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Catalyzes the addition of an arabinofuranosyl (Araf) residue from the sugar donor decaprenyl-phospho-arabinose (DPA) on the C-3 of an alpha-(1->5)-linked Araf from the arabinan backbone of AG. It can also use (Z,Z)- farnesylphosphoryl D-arabinose (Z-FPA), and to a lesser extent (E,E,Z,Z,Z,Z)-heptaprenylphosphoryl D-arabinose (Z-HPA) and (Z)- nerylphosphoryl D-arabinos [...] (433 aa) | ||||
mltG | Probable conserved membrane protein; Functions as a peptidoglycan terminase that cleaves nascent peptidoglycan strands endolytically to terminate their elongation. Belongs to the transglycosylase MltG family. (417 aa) | ||||
Rv2525c | Conserved hypothetical protein. Secreted; May function as a peptidoglycan hydrolase with glycosidase activity. In vitro, displays esterase activity toward p-nitrophenyl esters of various acyl chain length (C4 to C16), with a preference for p-nitrophenyl butyrate (C4). (240 aa) | ||||
ldtB | Probable L,D-transpeptidase LdtB; Generates 3->3 cross-links in peptidoglycan, catalyzing the cleavage of the mDap(3)-D-Ala(4) bond of a tetrapeptide donor stem and the formation of a bond between the carbonyl of mDap(3) of the donor stem and the side chain of mDap(3) of the acceptor stem. Is specific for donor substrates containing a stem tetrapeptide since it cannot use pentapeptide stems. (408 aa) | ||||
pbpB | Probable penicillin-binding membrane protein PbpB; Synthesis of cross-linked peptidoglycan from the lipid intermediates; Belongs to the transpeptidase family. (679 aa) | ||||
murE | Probable UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamate-2,6-diaminopimelate ligase MurE; Catalyzes the addition of meso-diaminopimelic acid to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate (UMAG) in the biosynthesis of bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan. (535 aa) | ||||
murF | Probable UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamyl-2, 6-diaminopimelate-D-alanyl-D-alanyl ligase MurF; Involved in cell wall formation. Catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide, the precursor of murein. (510 aa) | ||||
murX | Probable phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentappeptidetransferase MurX; First step of the lipid cycle reactions in the biosynthesis of the cell wall peptidoglycan. (359 aa) | ||||
murD | Probable UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine-D-glutamate ligase MurD; Cell wall formation. Catalyzes the addition of glutamate to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine (UMA). Belongs to the MurCDEF family. (486 aa) | ||||
ftsW | FtsW-like protein FtsW; Peptidoglycan polymerase that is essential for cell division. Belongs to the SEDS family. FtsW subfamily. (524 aa) | ||||
murG | Undecaprenyldiphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Cell wall formation. Catalyzes the transfer of a GlcNAc subunit on undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-MurNAc-pentapeptide (lipid intermediate I) to form undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-MurNAc- (pentapeptide)GlcNAc (lipid intermediate II). (410 aa) | ||||
murC | Probable UDP-N-acetylmuramate-alanine ligase MurC; Cell wall formation; Belongs to the MurCDEF family. (494 aa) | ||||
dprE1 | Decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-D-ribose 2'-oxidase; Component of the DprE1-DprE2 complex that catalyzes the 2- step epimerization of decaprenyl-phospho-ribose (DPR) to decaprenyl- phospho-arabinose (DPA), a key precursor that serves as the arabinose donor required for the synthesis of cell-wall arabinans. DprE1 catalyzes the first step of epimerization, namely FAD-dependent oxidation of the C2' hydroxyl of DPR to yield the keto intermediate decaprenyl-phospho-2'-keto-D- arabinose (DPX). The intermediate DPX is then transferred to DprE2 subunit of the epimerase complex, most probably through [...] (461 aa) | ||||
dprE2 | Decaprenylphosphoryl-D-2-keto erythro pentose reductase; Component of the DprE1-DprE2 complex that catalyzes the 2- step epimerization of decaprenyl-phospho-ribose (DPR) to decaprenyl- phospho-arabinose (DPA), a key precursor that serves as the arabinose donor required for the synthesis of cell-wall arabinans. DprE1 catalyzes the first step of epimerization, namely FAD-dependent oxidation of the C2' hydroxyl of DPR to yield the keto intermediate decaprenyl-phospho-2'-keto-D- arabinose (DPX). The intermediate DPX is then transferred to DprE2 subunit of the epimerase complex, most probab [...] (254 aa) | ||||
uppP | Possible conserved transmembrane protein; Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP). Confers resistance to bacitracin. (276 aa) | ||||
ripB | Possible invasion protein; Peptidoglycan endopeptidase that cleaves the bond between D- glutamate and meso-diaminopimelate. Binds high-molecular weight peptidoglycan, but does not degrade it. Required for normal separation of daughter cells after cell division and cell wall integrity. Required for host cell invasion. (241 aa) |