STRINGSTRING
XRCC6 XRCC6 SENP5 SENP5 UBR5 UBR5 BMI1 BMI1 ATG7 ATG7 ATG5 ATG5 DDB1 DDB1 RARA RARA UBE2W UBE2W CUL1 CUL1 PIAS4 PIAS4 FEN1 FEN1 SENP6 SENP6 RNF8 RNF8 UBE2T UBE2T UBE2C UBE2C WEE1 WEE1 XPA XPA CDC34 CDC34 RAD50 RAD50 RAD54L RAD54L TOPORS TOPORS RNF169 RNF169 ATM ATM CCNA1 CCNA1 CUL4A CUL4A ATG3 ATG3 USP14 USP14 RBX1 RBX1 CCNA2 CCNA2 FAM175A FAM175A USP1 USP1 EXO1 EXO1 RPA3 RPA3 RNF11 RNF11 MDM2 MDM2 DTL DTL RAD18 RAD18 UBE2V1 UBE2V1 SUMO2 SUMO2 PIAS1 PIAS1 FANCI FANCI SKP1 SKP1 UBE2I UBE2I PLK1 PLK1 CUL3 CUL3 URM1 URM1 NEDD4 NEDD4 DNA2 DNA2 FANCD2 FANCD2 SKP2 SKP2 BARD1 BARD1 USP3 USP3 STAT3 STAT3 CDK1 CDK1 BRCA1 BRCA1 CLSPN CLSPN ATG12 ATG12 RNF168 RNF168 RNF20 RNF20 UBE2L6 UBE2L6 OTUB1 OTUB1 CHFR CHFR PNKP PNKP RNF4 RNF4 SAE1 SAE1 SUMO1 SUMO1 RNF5 RNF5 TRIP12 TRIP12 UBE2S UBE2S SIAH1 SIAH1 SENP1 SENP1 NEDD4L NEDD4L SENP7 SENP7 PCNA PCNA UBE2N UBE2N PRKDC PRKDC UBE2K UBE2K CDC25A CDC25A CDK2 CDK2 NEDD8 NEDD8 CACUL1 CACUL1 USP7 USP7 FANCL FANCL RAN RAN
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
XRCC6X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5; Single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent helicase. Has a role in chromosome translocation. The DNA helicase II complex binds preferentially to fork-like ends of double-stranded DNA in a cell cycle-dependent manner. It works in the 3'-5' direction. Binding to DNA may be mediated by XRCC6. Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination. The XRCC5/6 dimer acts as regulatory subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase complex DNA-PK by increasing the affinity of the catalytic s [...] (647 aa)
SENP5SUMO specific peptidase 5. (248 aa)
UBR5Ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 5. (2756 aa)
BMI1Polycomb complex protein BMI-1; Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. In the PRC1-like complex, regulates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF2/RING2. (326 aa)
ATG7Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7; E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria [...] (709 aa)
ATG5Autophagy protein 5; Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. (288 aa)
DDB1DNA damage-binding protein 1; Required for DNA repair. Binds to DDB2 to form the UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex (the UV-DDB complex). The UV-DDB complex may recognize UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair (By similarity). Also appears to function as a component of numerous distinct DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the DCX E3 ubiquitin-protein li [...] (1139 aa)
RARARetinoic acid receptor alpha; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5 (By similarity). Required for hindbrain patterning and appears to be required for skin development. Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily. (460 aa)
UBE2WUBIQUITIN_CONJUGAT_2 domain-containing protein. (151 aa)
CUL1Cullin 1; Belongs to the cullin family. (776 aa)
PIAS4Protein inhibitor of activated STAT 4. (493 aa)
FEN1Flap endonuclease 1; Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'- 3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site- terminated flap. Acts as [...] (381 aa)
SENP6SUMO specific peptidase 6. (1148 aa)
RNF8E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF8; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a key role in DNA damage signaling via 2 distinct roles: by mediating the 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX and promoting the recruitment of DNA repair proteins at double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites, and by catalyzing 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination to remove target proteins from DNA damage sites. Following DNA DSBs, it is recruited to the sites of damage by ATM-phosphorylated MDC1 and catalyzes the 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX, thereby promoting the formation of TP53 [...] (529 aa)
UBE2TUbiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 T; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (234 aa)
UBE2CUbiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 C; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (179 aa)
WEE1Wee1-like protein kinase. (641 aa)
XPADNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells homolog; Involved in DNA excision repair. Initiates repair by binding to damaged sites with various affinities, depending on the photoproduct and the transcriptional state of the region (By similarity). Belongs to the XPA family. (270 aa)
CDC34Cell division cycle 34; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (235 aa)
RAD50Zinc-hook domain-containing protein. (1313 aa)
RAD54LDNA repair and recombination protein RAD54-like; Involved in DNA repair and mitotic recombination; Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. (804 aa)
TOPORSRING-type domain-containing protein. (1128 aa)
RNF169Ring finger protein 169. (660 aa)
ATMNon-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (3050 aa)
CCNA1Cyclin A1; Belongs to the cyclin family. (406 aa)
CUL4ACullin 4A; Belongs to the cullin family. (767 aa)
ATG3Autophagy-related protein 3. (313 aa)
USP14Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase. (466 aa)
RBX1RING-type domain-containing protein. (108 aa)
CCNA2Cyclin-A2; Cyclin which controls both the G1/S and the G2/M transition phases of the cell cycle. Functions through the formation of specific serine/threonine kinase holoenzyme complexes with the cyclin-dependent protein kinases CDK1 and CDK2. The cyclin subunit confers the substrate specificity of these complexes and differentially interacts with and activates CDK1 and CDK2 throughout the cell cycle. (395 aa)
FAM175ABRCA1-A complex subunit Abraxas 1; Involved in DNA damage response and double-strand break (DSB) repair. Component of the BRCA1-A complex, acting as a central scaffold protein that assembles the various components of the complex and mediates the recruitment of BRCA1. The BRCA1-A complex specifically recognizes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitinated histones H2A and H2AX at DNA lesion sites, leading to target the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer to sites of DNA damage at DSBs. This complex also possesses deubiquitinase activity that specifically removes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin on histones H2A and H2AX. (405 aa)
USP1Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase. (794 aa)
EXO1Uncharacterized protein. (800 aa)
RPA3Replication protein A3. (121 aa)
RNF11RING-type domain-containing protein. (154 aa)
MDM2E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2; Belongs to the MDM2/MDM4 family. (483 aa)
DTLDenticleless protein homolog; Substrate-specific adapter of a DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex required for cell cycle control, DNA damage response and translesion DNA synthesis. The DCX(DTL) complex, also named CRL4(CDT2) complex, mediates the polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CDT1, CDKN1A/p21(CIP1), KMT5A and SDE2. CDT1 degradation in response to DNA damage is necessary to ensure proper cell cycle regulation of DNA replication. CDKN1A/p21(CIP1) degradation during S phase or following UV irradiation is essential to control replication licensing. [...] (720 aa)
RAD18Uncharacterized protein. (672 aa)
UBE2V1Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1; Has no ubiquitin ligase activity on its own. The UBE2V1-UBE2N heterodimer catalyzes the synthesis of non-canonical poly-ubiquitin chains that are linked through 'Lys-63'. This type of poly- ubiquitination activates IKK and does not seem to involve protein degradation by the proteasome. Plays a role in the activation of NF- kappa-B. Mediates transcriptional activation of target genes. Plays a role in the control of progress through the cell cycle and differentiation. Plays a role in the error-free DNA repair pathway and contributes to the survi [...] (147 aa)
SUMO2Small ubiquitin-related modifier 2; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4. This post- translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO2 chains are al [...] (95 aa)
PIAS1Uncharacterized protein. (727 aa)
FANCIUncharacterized protein. (1339 aa)
SKP1S-phase kinase-associated protein 1; Essential component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1 (By similarity). (163 aa)
UBE2ISUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like proteins SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from the UBLE1A-UBLE1B E1 complex and catalyzes their covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as RANBP2 or CBX4. Essential for nuclear architecture and chromosome segregation; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (158 aa)
PLK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK. (595 aa)
CUL3Cullin 3; Belongs to the cullin family. (768 aa)
URM1Ubiquitin-related modifier 1; Acts as a sulfur carrier required for 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of cytosolic tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Serves as sulfur donor in tRNA 2-thiolation reaction by being thiocarboxylated (-COSH) at its C-terminus by MOCS3. The sulfur is then transferred to tRNA to form 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U. Also acts as a ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) that is covalently conjugated via an isopeptide bond to lysine residues of target proteins. The thiocarboxylated form serves as substrate for conjugation and oxidative stress specifically [...] (101 aa)
NEDD4E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. (932 aa)
DNA2DNA replication ATP-dependent helicase/nuclease DNA2; Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair in nucleus and mitochondrion. Involved in Okazaki fragments processing by cleaving long flaps that escape FEN1: flaps that are longer than 27 nucleotides are coated by replication protein A complex (RPA), leading to recruit DNA2 which cleaves the flap until it is too short to bind RPA and becomes a substrate for FEN1. Also involved in 5'-end resection of DNA during double-strand break (DSB) repair by mediating the cleavage of 5'-ssDNA, while the 3'-ssDNA cleavage is prevented by [...] (992 aa)
FANCD2Uncharacterized protein. (1510 aa)
SKP2F-box domain-containing protein. (520 aa)
BARD1Uncharacterized protein. (795 aa)
USP3Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase. (520 aa)
STAT3Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Transcription factor that binds to the interleukin-6 (IL-6)- responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes. (771 aa)
CDK1Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle (By similarity). It is required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis (By similarity). p34 is a component of the kinase complex that phosphorylates the repetitive C-terminus of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). May play a role in regulating the amplitude of the cyclic expression of circadian clock genes (By similarity). Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. (303 aa)
BRCA1Uncharacterized protein. (1749 aa)
CLSPNUncharacterized protein. (1337 aa)
ATG12Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12; Ubiquitin-like protein involved in autophagic vesicle formation; Belongs to the ATG12 family. (146 aa)
RNF168E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF168; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required for accumulation of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Acts with UBE2N/UBC13 to amplify the RNF8-dependent histone ubiquitination. Recruited to sites of DNA damage at double-strand breaks (DSBs) by binding to ubiquitinated histone H2A and ubiquitinates histone H2A and H2AX, leading to amplify the RNF8-dependent H2A ubiquitination and promoting the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin conjugates. This leads to concentrate ubiquitinated histones H2A and H2AX at DNA lesions to the threshold required for recrui [...] (605 aa)
RNF20E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1A; Component of the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1). H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation (H3K4me and H3K79me, respectively). (1028 aa)
UBE2L6UBIQUITIN_CONJUGAT_2 domain-containing protein. (153 aa)
OTUB1OTU deubiquitinase, ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1. (439 aa)
CHFRCheckpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains. (680 aa)
PNKPUncharacterized protein. (206 aa)
RNF4RING-type domain-containing protein. (194 aa)
SAE1SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1. (423 aa)
SUMO1Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I. This post- translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO1 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as [...] (135 aa)
RNF5E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF185; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates selective mitochondrial autophagy by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. Acts in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, which targets misfolded proteins that accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation. Protects cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis. Responsible for the cotranslational ubiquitination and degradation of CFTR in the ERAD pathway. Preferentially associates with the E2 enzymes UBE2J1 and [...] (229 aa)
TRIP12Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 12. (2060 aa)
UBE2SUbiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 S; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (268 aa)
SIAH1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. (282 aa)
SENP1SUMO specific peptidase 1. (745 aa)
NEDD4LUncharacterized protein. (1267 aa)
SENP7SUMO specific peptidase 7. (1050 aa)
PCNAProliferating cell nuclear antigen; This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand; Belongs to the PCNA family. (262 aa)
UBE2NUBIQUITIN_CONJUGAT_2 domain-containing protein; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (227 aa)
PRKDCDNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a molecular sensor for DNA damage. Involved in DNA nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination. Must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties. Promotes processing of hairpin DNA structures in V(D)J recombination by activation of the hairpin endonuclease artemis (DCLRE1C). The assembly of the DNA-PK complex at DNA ends is also required for the NHEJ ligation step. Required to protect and align broken ends of DNA. May also act a [...] (4132 aa)
UBE2KUncharacterized protein; Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (201 aa)
CDC25ARhodanese domain-containing protein. (526 aa)
CDK2Cyclin dependent kinase 2; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (298 aa)
NEDD8NEDD8 ubiquitin like modifier. (85 aa)
CACUL1Cullin domain-containing protein; Belongs to the cullin family. (377 aa)
USP7Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins, such as p53/TP53. Deubiquitinates p53/TP53, and thereby modulates p53/TP53 stability, p53/TP53-dependent transcription regulation, cell growth repression and apoptosis. May be involved in cell proliferation during early embryonic development (By similarity). (1102 aa)
FANCLFanconi anemia protein FANCL. (373 aa)
RANGTP-binding nuclear protein Ran; GTPase involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport, participating both to the import and the export from the nucleus of proteins and RNAs. Switches between a cytoplasmic GDP- and a nuclear GTP-bound state by nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Nuclear import receptors such as importin beta bind their substrates only in the absence of GTP- bound RAN and release them upon direct interaction with GTP-bound RAN, while export receptors behave in the opposite way. Thereby, RAN controls cargo loading and release by transport receptors in the proper compartment [...] (216 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Gallus gallus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9031
Other names: G. gallus, Gallus domesticus, Gallus gallus domesticus, bantam, chicken, chickens, dwarf Leghorn chickens, red junglefowl
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