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| | FZD6 | Frizzled-6; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (709 aa) |
| | BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2 (By similarity). During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including lo [...] (254 aa) |
| | FGF11 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (225 aa) |
| | JAG2 | Delta-like protein; Putative Notch ligand involved in the mediation of Notch signaling. (1300 aa) |
| | FGF20 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (207 aa) |
| | FGF14 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (253 aa) |
| | SPRY2 | Protein sprouty homolog 2; May play an important role in FGF-mediated patterning of the mid/hindbrain region by acting to modulate the signaling effects of FGF8 through participation in a regulatory negative feedback loop. (313 aa) |
| | FGF6 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (206 aa) |
| | GATA2 | GATA-binding factor 2; Transcriptional activator which probably serves as a general switch factor for cell-specific development. It binds to DNA sites with the consensus sequence 5'-[AT]GATA[AG]-3' within regulatory regions of genes. (466 aa) |
| | FGF8 | Fibroblast growth factor 8; Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration. Involved in initiation, outgrowth and patterning of the limbs; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (214 aa) |
| | NOTCH2 | Uncharacterized protein. (2432 aa) |
| | FGF9 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (213 aa) |
| | FGF23 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (254 aa) |
| | HES1 | Transcription factor HES-1. (257 aa) |
| | FGF3 | Fibroblast growth factor 3; Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (220 aa) |
| | OTOL1 | Otolin 1. (415 aa) |
| | FGF7 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (194 aa) |
| | ISL1 | Insulin gene enhancer protein ISL-1; Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Recognizes and binds to the consensus octamer binding site 5'-ATAATTAA- 3' in promoter of target genes. Plays a fundamental role in the gene regulatory network essential for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation. Binds to insulin gene enhancer sequences (By similarity). Defines subclasses of motoneurons that segregate into columns in the spinal cord and select distinct axon pathways. Acts in conjunction with LHX1, LHX3 and ISL2. Binds to insulin gene enhancer sequences (By similarity). Essential for heart d [...] (349 aa) |
| | FGF19 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (224 aa) |
| | WNT2B | Protein Wnt-2b; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Acts as an upstream regulator of FGF10 in the lateral plate mesoderm during limb initiation in the embryo. (385 aa) |
| | FGFR2 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, and in the regulation of embryonic development. Required for normal embryonic patterning, limb bud development, lung morphogenesis, osteogenesis and skin development. Plays an essential role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and is required for normal skeleton development. Promotes cell proliferation in kerati [...] (824 aa) |
| | PAX2 | Paired-box containing protein Pax-2. (394 aa) |
| | SOX2 | Transcription factor SOX-2; Transcriptional activator. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-TCATTGTTGTTG-3'. In cooperation with other transcription factors, binds to the promoter sequence of the crystallin gene to activate transcription in the lens. Downstream SRRT target that mediates the promotion of neural stem cell self-renewal (By similarity). Keeps neural cells undifferentiated by counteracting the activity of proneural proteins and suppresses neuronal differentiation. May function as a switch in neuronal development. (312 aa) |
| | OC90 | Otoconin. (524 aa) |
| | FGFR1 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Required for normal mesoderm patterning and normal skeletogenesis. Phosphorylates PLCG1, FRS2, GAB1 and SHB. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate. Phosphorylation of FRS2 triggers re [...] (819 aa) |
| | FGF22 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (176 aa) |
| | WNT7B | Protein Wnt-7b; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors that functions in the canonical Wnt/beta- catenin signaling pathway (By similarity). Required for normal fusion of the chorion and the allantois during placenta development (By similarity). Required for central nervous system (CNS) angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier regulation (By similarity). (353 aa) |
| | GLI3 | Transcriptional repressor GLI3R; Has a dual function as a transcriptional activator and a repressor of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway, and plays a role in limb development. The full-length GLI3 form (GLI3FL) acts as an activator (GLI3A) while GLI3R, its C-terminally truncated form, acts as a repressor. (1576 aa) |
| | FZD9 | Frizzled-9; Receptor for WNT2 that is coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. (603 aa) |
| | SMO | Smoothened homolog; G protein-coupled receptor that probably associates with the patched protein (PTCH) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Binding of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to its receptor patched is thought to prevent normal inhibition by patched of smoothened (SMO). (816 aa) |
| | GLI1 | Zinc finger protein GLI1; Acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-GACCACCCA-3' (By similarity). May regulate the transcription of specific genes during normal development. May play a role in craniofacial development and digital development, as well as development of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Mediates SHH signaling. Plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation via its role in SHH signaling. Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (1281 aa) |
| | CHRD | Uncharacterized protein. (1208 aa) |
| | EYA2 | Eyes absent homolog; Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. EYA family. (631 aa) |
| | FGF12 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (243 aa) |
| | FZD7 | Frizzled-7; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (567 aa) |
| | SPRY1 | Protein sprouty homolog 1; May function as an antagonist of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways and may negatively modulate respiratory organogenesis; Belongs to the sprouty family. (321 aa) |
| | EYA1 | Eyes absent homolog 1; Functions both as protein phosphatase and as transcriptional coactivator for SIX1, and probably also for other transcription factors of this family. Tyrosine phosphatase that dephosphorylates 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph) and promotes efficient DNA repair via the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1. 'Tyr-142' phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress. Its function as histone phosphatase may contribute to its function i [...] (625 aa) |
| | GBX2 | Homeobox protein GBX-2; May act as a transcription factor for cell pluripotency and differentiation in the embryo. (339 aa) |
| | FZD10 | Frizzled-10; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Activation by WNT7A induces expression of beta-catenin target genes. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC see [...] (585 aa) |
| | FGF13 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (255 aa) |
| | FBXO2 | F-box protein 2. (247 aa) |
| | FOXG1 | Forkhead box protein G1; May determine the nasotemporal axis of the retina, and consequently specify the topographical projection of the retinal ganglion-cell axons to the tectum by controlling expression of their target genes. (451 aa) |
| | FGF18 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (207 aa) |
| | AXIN2 | Uncharacterized protein. (837 aa) |
| | HEY2 | Hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 2. (335 aa) |
| | WNT3A | Protein Wnt-3a; [Isoform 1]: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family. Regulates chick apical ectodermal ridge formation. Required for normal embryonic mesoderm development and formation of caudal somites. Required for normal morphogenesis of the developing neural tube (By similarity). ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P56704. (376 aa) |
| | NEUROG1 | Neurogenin 1. (179 aa) |
| | BMPR2 | Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (1031 aa) |
| | HES4 | Transcription factor HES-1; Transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. May act as a negative regulator of myogenesis by inhibiting the functions of MYOD1 and ASH1 (By similarity). (290 aa) |
| | FGF10 | Uncharacterized protein. (261 aa) |
| | FGF5 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (292 aa) |
| | DLL1 | Delta-like protein; Putative Notch ligand involved in the mediation of Notch signaling. (893 aa) |
| | EMX2 | Empty spiracles homeobox 2. (336 aa) |
| | HEY1 | Hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1. (488 aa) |
| | FST | Follistatin; Binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Inhibits activin A signaling in the iris and regulates somatostatin phenotype in ciliary ganglion neurons. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). (320 aa) |
| | NTF3 | Neurotrophin-3; Seems to promote the survival of visceral and proprioceptive sensory neurons. (270 aa) |
| | WNT1 | Protein Wnt-1; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Acts in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by promoting beta-catenin-dependent transcriptional activation. Developmental protein that promotes cell proliferation in the developing spinal cord. Has a role in osteoblast function, bone development and bone homeostasis (By similarity). (550 aa) |
| | FGFR3 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Plays an essential role in the regulation of chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and is required for normal skeleton development. Regulates both osteogenesis and postnatal bone mineralization by osteoblasts. Promotes apoptosis in chondrocytes, but can also promote cancer cell proliferation. Phosphorylates PLCG1, CBL and FRS2. Ligand binding l [...] (806 aa) |
| | HES5 | Hairy and enhancer of split 5. (157 aa) |
| | NOTCH1 | Uncharacterized protein. (2561 aa) |
| | LMX1A | Uncharacterized protein. (380 aa) |
| | WNT7A | Protein Wnt; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors; Belongs to the Wnt family. (349 aa) |
| | ACVR2B | Activin receptor type-2B; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for activin A, activin B and inhibin A. May modulate neuropeptide expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and ovarian follicle development. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (512 aa) |
| | SHH | Sonic hedgehog protein N-product; [Sonic hedgehog protein]: The C-terminal part of the sonic hedgehog protein precursor displays an autoproteolysis and a cholesterol transferase activity (By similarity). Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein into two parts (ShhN and ShhC) followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated ShhN (By similarity). Both activities occur in the reticulum endoplasmic (By similarity). Once cleaved, ShhC is degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). (425 aa) |
| | FGF16 | Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (207 aa) |
| | NEUROD1 | Neurogenic differentiation factor 1; Acts as a transcriptional activator. Mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter. Acts as a differentiation factor during neurogenesis. Induces photoreceptor cell overproduction in vivo and de novo generation in vitro. May play a role in photoreceptor cell production. Binds DNA on E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'. (357 aa) |
| | JAG1 | Delta-like protein; Putative Notch ligand involved in the mediation of Notch signaling. (1216 aa) |
| | FZD1 | Frizzled-1; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes (By similarity). A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK [...] (570 aa) |
| | DLX5 | Homeobox protein DLX-5; Transcriptional factor involved in bone development. Could be involved in apical ectodermal ridge activity, pattern formation, and cartilage differentiation. Binds to DNA; Belongs to the distal-less homeobox family. (286 aa) |
| | GLI2 | Zinc finger protein GLI2; Functions as transcription regulator in the hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Functions as transcriptional activator. May also function as transcriptional repressor. Binds to the DNA sequence 5'-GAACCACCCA-3' (By similarity). Is involved in the smoothened (SHH) signaling pathway. Required for normal skeleton development (By similarity). (1528 aa) |
| | SOX10 | Transcription factor SOX-10; Transcription factor that plays a central role in developing and mature glia. Specifically activates expression of myelin genes, during oligodendrocyte (OL) maturation, thereby playing a central role in oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination. (461 aa) |
| | BMP4 | Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Negatively regulates the structure and function of the limb apical ectodermal ridge. (404 aa) |
