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SPP1 | Osteopontin; Binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction; Belongs to the osteopontin family. (264 aa) | ||||
THBS1 | Uncharacterized protein. (1175 aa) | ||||
FURIN | Trans Golgi network protease furin; Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. (789 aa) | ||||
BMP7 | Bone morphogenetic protein 7. (465 aa) | ||||
ACAN | Aggrecan core protein; This proteoglycan is a major component of extracellular matrix of cartilagenous tissues. A major function of this protein is to resist compression in cartilage. It binds avidly to hyaluronic acid via an N-terminal globular region. May play a regulatory role in the matrix assembly of the cartilage. (2089 aa) | ||||
SHH | Sonic hedgehog protein N-product; [Sonic hedgehog protein]: The C-terminal part of the sonic hedgehog protein precursor displays an autoproteolysis and a cholesterol transferase activity (By similarity). Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein into two parts (ShhN and ShhC) followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated ShhN (By similarity). Both activities occur in the reticulum endoplasmic (By similarity). Once cleaved, ShhC is degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). (425 aa) | ||||
MMP2 | 72 kDa type IV collagenase; Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (663 aa) | ||||
MMP9 | Uncharacterized protein. (713 aa) | ||||
PTHLH | Parathyroid hormone-related protein; Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport; Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family. (214 aa) | ||||
CD4 | Uncharacterized protein. (487 aa) | ||||
IL6 | Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response (By similarity). Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. (307 aa) | ||||
TRAF6 | TNF receptor-associated factor; Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family. (545 aa) | ||||
PCNA | Proliferating cell nuclear antigen; This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand; Belongs to the PCNA family. (262 aa) | ||||
SMAD3 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; Transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD3 is a receptor- regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) (By similarity). (426 aa) | ||||
SMAD7 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog. (388 aa) | ||||
TGFB1 | Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form fo [...] (392 aa) | ||||
COL3A1 | Collagen alpha-1(III) chain; Collagen type III occurs in most soft connective tissues along with type I collagen. (1460 aa) | ||||
RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor. (472 aa) | ||||
NOV | CTCK domain-containing protein. (360 aa) | ||||
IL1B | Interleukin-1; Belongs to the IL-1 family. (267 aa) | ||||
PTH | Parathyroid hormone; PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion; Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family. (119 aa) | ||||
TIMP3 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3; Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. May form part of a tissue-specific acute response to remodeling stimuli; Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family. (212 aa) | ||||
SOX9 | Transcription factor SOX-9; Transcription factor that selectively activates enhancer through its interaction with a DNA-binding partner factor. Activates enhancer of COL2A1 through its binding with DNA sequence 5'-ATTCAT-3'. In response to bone morphogenetic protein stimulus, phosphorylation is induced and then sumoylation, allowing cooperation with SNAI2 to trigger neural crest delamination. Functions at the level of mesenchymal cell condensation by inducing cartilage development in limbs and by changing the aggregation properties of limb mesenchymal cells. Regulates the cell fate dec [...] (494 aa) | ||||
GREM1 | Gremlin-1; Cytokine that may play a role in the development of the medial pallium and during optic nerve and pecten development by modulating BMP signaling. (184 aa) | ||||
FGF2 | Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (158 aa) | ||||
TGFB3 | Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-beta-3) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-3, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-3: Multifunctional protein that regulates embryogenesis and cell differentiation and is required in various processes such as secondary palate development (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi appa [...] (535 aa) | ||||
TGFB2 | Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transfor [...] (412 aa) | ||||
MMP13 | ZnMc domain-containing protein. (530 aa) | ||||
CDH2 | Cadherin-2; Calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein; preferentially mediates homotypic cell-cell adhesion. Cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types, and thereby play an important role during embryonic development (By similarity). (912 aa) | ||||
COL10A1 | Collagen alpha-1(X) chain; Type X collagen is a product of hypertrophic chondrocytes and has been localized to presumptive mineralization zones of hyaline cartilage. (674 aa) | ||||
IHH | Indian hedgehog protein C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Binds to the patched (PTC) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes. Implicated in endochondral ossification: may regulate the balance between growth and ossification of the developing bones. Induces the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP); Belongs to the hedgehog family. (408 aa) |