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PTHLH | Parathyroid hormone-related protein; Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport; Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family. (214 aa) | ||||
FGFR3 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Plays an essential role in the regulation of chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and is required for normal skeleton development. Regulates both osteogenesis and postnatal bone mineralization by osteoblasts. Promotes apoptosis in chondrocytes, but can also promote cancer cell proliferation. Phosphorylates PLCG1, CBL and FRS2. Ligand binding l [...] (806 aa) | ||||
HOXB9 | Homeobox protein; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family. (273 aa) | ||||
NKX2-5 | Homeobox protein Nkx-2.5; Implicated in commitment to and/or differentiation of the myocardial lineage. Binds to the core DNA motif of promoter. Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family. (294 aa) | ||||
PRRX1 | Paired mesoderm homeobox protein 1; May participate in maintenance of mesenchymal cell lineages derived from both mesoderm and the neural crest and in patterning of the limbs and the face. (245 aa) | ||||
VTN | SMB domain-containing protein. (453 aa) | ||||
TBX4 | T-Box protein 4. (541 aa) | ||||
PTH2R | Parathyroid hormone-related protein type-1 receptor; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. (538 aa) | ||||
SOX6 | HMG box domain-containing protein. (817 aa) | ||||
TBX6 | T-box-containing protein TBX6L; May be involved in regulating somitogenesis. (452 aa) | ||||
ACAN | Aggrecan core protein; This proteoglycan is a major component of extracellular matrix of cartilagenous tissues. A major function of this protein is to resist compression in cartilage. It binds avidly to hyaluronic acid via an N-terminal globular region. May play a regulatory role in the matrix assembly of the cartilage. (2089 aa) | ||||
TBX5 | T-box transcription factor TBX5; DNA-binding protein that regulates the transcription of several genes and is involved in heart development and limb pattern formation. May bind to the core DNA motif of promoters. (521 aa) | ||||
IHH | Indian hedgehog protein C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Binds to the patched (PTC) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes. Implicated in endochondral ossification: may regulate the balance between growth and ossification of the developing bones. Induces the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP); Belongs to the hedgehog family. (408 aa) | ||||
BMP4 | Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Negatively regulates the structure and function of the limb apical ectodermal ridge. (404 aa) | ||||
COL10A1 | Collagen alpha-1(X) chain; Type X collagen is a product of hypertrophic chondrocytes and has been localized to presumptive mineralization zones of hyaline cartilage. (674 aa) | ||||
BMP5 | BMP5. (453 aa) | ||||
MMP13 | ZnMc domain-containing protein. (530 aa) | ||||
HOXD9 | Homeobox protein Hox-D9; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. (302 aa) | ||||
RARB | Retinoic acid receptor beta; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5 (By similarity). Required for limb and craniofacial development. (455 aa) | ||||
SOX9 | Transcription factor SOX-9; Transcription factor that selectively activates enhancer through its interaction with a DNA-binding partner factor. Activates enhancer of COL2A1 through its binding with DNA sequence 5'-ATTCAT-3'. In response to bone morphogenetic protein stimulus, phosphorylation is induced and then sumoylation, allowing cooperation with SNAI2 to trigger neural crest delamination. Functions at the level of mesenchymal cell condensation by inducing cartilage development in limbs and by changing the aggregation properties of limb mesenchymal cells. Regulates the cell fate dec [...] (494 aa) | ||||
HOXB2 | Homeobox B2. (323 aa) | ||||
SOX5 | Transcription factor LSox5-II. (772 aa) | ||||
RXRA | Retinoid X receptor alpha. (467 aa) | ||||
HOXC4 | Homeobox C4. (379 aa) | ||||
RARA | Retinoic acid receptor alpha; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5 (By similarity). Required for hindbrain patterning and appears to be required for skin development. Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily. (460 aa) | ||||
FOXF1 | Forkhead box F1. (407 aa) | ||||
RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor. (472 aa) | ||||
COL3A1 | Collagen alpha-1(III) chain; Collagen type III occurs in most soft connective tissues along with type I collagen. (1460 aa) | ||||
GDF5 | TGF_BETA_2 domain-containing protein. (500 aa) | ||||
TBX20 | T-box transcription factor TBX20; Acts as a transcriptional regulator involved in heart developmental processes. (440 aa) | ||||
COL2A1 | Collagen alpha-1(II) chain; Type II collagen is specific for cartilaginous tissues. It is essential for the normal embryonic development of the skeleton, for linear growth and for the ability of cartilage to resist compressive forces. (1420 aa) | ||||
RARS | Arginine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Forms part of a macromolecular complex that catalyzes the attachment of specific amino acids to cognate tRNAs during protein synthesis. (661 aa) | ||||
TGFB1 | Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form fo [...] (392 aa) | ||||
HOXC9 | Homeobox protein; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family. (262 aa) | ||||
COL1A1 | Collagen alpha-1(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). (1453 aa) | ||||
COL11A1 | Fibrillar collagen NC1 domain-containing protein. (888 aa) | ||||
GAPDH | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Also participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are proba [...] (333 aa) | ||||
RARG | Retinoic acid receptor gamma. (490 aa) | ||||
HDAC7 | Histone deacetylase; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. (1250 aa) | ||||
RXRG | Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid (By similarity). (469 aa) |