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| | CHMP1A | Charged multivesicular body protein 1a; Probable peripherally associated component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the [...] (196 aa) |
| | SNX2 | Sorting nexin-2; Involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) or phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Acts in part as component of the retromer membrane-deforming SNX-BAR subcomplex. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX-BAR subcomplex functions to deform the donor membrane into a tubular profile called en [...] (523 aa) |
| | FLOT1 | Flotillin-1; May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes, functionally participating in formation of caveolae or caveolae-like vesicles. (427 aa) |
| | CLCN5 | H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 5; Proton-coupled chloride transporter. Functions as antiport system and exchanges chloride ions against protons. Important for normal acidification of the endosome lumen. May play an important role in renal tubular function (By similarity). (816 aa) |
| | VAMP7 | Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane during transport of proteins from the early endosome to the lysosome. Required for heterotypic fusion of late endosomes with lysosomes and homotypic lysosomal fusion. Required for calcium regulated lysosomal exocytosis. Involved in the export of chylomicrons from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cis Golgi. Required for exocytosis of mediators during eosinophil and neutrophil degranulation, and target cell killing by natural killer cells. Required for focal exocy [...] (220 aa) |
| | MTM1 | Myotubularin; Lipid phosphatase which dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2). Has also been shown to dephosphorylate phosphotyrosine- and phosphoserine-containing peptides. Negatively regulates EGFR degradation through regulation of EGFR trafficking from the late endosome to the lysosome. Plays a role in vacuolar formation and morphology. Regulates desmin intermediate filament assembly and architecture. Plays a role in mitochondrial morphology and positioning. Required for skeletal muscle maintenance but not fo [...] (603 aa) |
| | MMGT1 | Membrane magnesium transporter 1; Mediates Mg(2+) transport. (131 aa) |
| | RAB14 | Ras-related protein Rab-14; Involved in membrane trafficking between the Golgi complex and endosomes during early embryonic development. Regulates the Golgi to endosome transport of FGFR-containing vesicles during early development, a key process for developing basement membrane and epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages during early postimplantation development. May act by modulating the kinesin KIF16B-cargo association to endosomes. Regulates, together with its guanine nucleotide exchange factor DENND6A, the specific endocytic transport of ADAM10, N- cadherin/CDH2 shedding and cell [...] (179 aa) |
| | ECPAS | Proteasome adapter and scaffold protein ECM29; Adapter/scaffolding protein that binds to the 26S proteasome, motor proteins and other compartment specific proteins. May couple the proteasome to different compartments including endosome, endoplasmic reticulum and centrosome. May play a role in ERAD and other enhanced proteolysis. Promotes proteasome dissociation under oxidative stress. (1839 aa) |
| | ANXA1 | Annexin A1; Plays important roles in the innate immune response as effector of glucocorticoid-mediated responses and regulator of the inflammatory process. Has anti-inflammatory activity. Plays a role in glucocorticoid-mediated down-regulation of the early phase of the inflammatory response. Promotes resolution of inflammation and wound healing (By similarity). Functions at least in part by activating the formyl peptide receptors and downstream signaling cascades. Promotes chemotaxis of granulocytes and monocytes via activation of the formyl peptide receptors (By similarity). Contribut [...] (346 aa) |
| | CHMP5 | Charged multivesicular body protein 5; Probable peripherally associated component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the [...] (219 aa) |
| | VPS28 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog; Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I), a regulator of vesicular trafficking process. (205 aa) |
| | WASHC5 | WASH complex subunit 5; Acts at least in part as component of the WASH core complex whose assembly at the surface of endosomes seems to inhibit WASH nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) activity in recruiting and activating the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization, and which is involved in regulation of the fission of tubules that serve as transport intermediates during endosome sorting. May be involved in axonal outgrowth. Involved in cellular localization of ADRB2. Involved in cellular trafficking of BLOC-1 complex cargos such as ATP7A and VAMP7 (By similarity). (1159 aa) |
| | SLC26A7 | Anion exchange transporter; Acts as a sodium-independent DIDS-sensitive anion exchanger mediating bicarbonate, chloride, sulfate and oxalate transport. May play a role in the maintenance of the electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis in the kidney, by acting as a distal excretory segment- specific anion exchanger, specifically chloride. Plays a major role in gastric acid secretion (By similarity); Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family. (656 aa) |
| | PIP4P2 | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5- bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P2) to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns-4-P). (278 aa) |
| | SNX16 | Sorting nexin-16; May be involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Plays a role in protein transport from early to late endosomes. Plays a role in protein transport to the lysosome. Promotes degradation of EGFR after EGF signaling (By similarity); Belongs to the sorting nexin family. (344 aa) |
| | SGK3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk3; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is involved in the regulation of a wide variety of ion channels, membrane transporters, cell growth, proliferation, survival and migration. Up-regulates Na(+) channels: SCNN1A/ENAC and SCN5A, K(+) channels: KCNA3/KV1.3, KCNE1, KCNQ1 and KCNH2/HERG, epithelial Ca(2+) channels: TRPV5 and TRPV6, chloride channel: BSND, creatine transporter: SLC6A8, Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter: SLC13A2/NADC1, Na(+)-dependent phosphate cotransporter: SLC34A2/NAPI-2B, amino acid transporters: SLC1A5/ASCT2 and SLC6A19, glutamate [...] (466 aa) |
| | CLVS1 | Clavesin-1; Required for normal morphology of late endosomes and/or lysosomes in neurons. Binds phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) (By similarity). (354 aa) |
| | WDR91 | WD repeat-containing protein 91; Functions as a negative regulator of the PI3 kinase/PI3K activity associated with endosomal membranes via BECN1, a core subunit of the PI3K complex. By modifying the phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate/PtdInsP3 content of endosomal membranes may regulate endosome fusion, recycling, sorting and early to late endosome transport. It is for instance, required for the delivery of cargos like BST2/tetherin from early to late endosome and thereby participates indirectly to their degradation by the lysosome. May play a role in meiosis. (747 aa) |
| | CFTR | Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Epithelial ion channel that plays an important role in the regulation of epithelial ion and water transport and fluid homeostasis. Mediates the transport of chloride ions across the cell membrane (By similarity). Channel activity is coupled to ATP hydrolysis. The ion channel is also permeable to HCO(3-); selectivity depends on the extracellular chloride concentration. Exerts its function also by modulating the activity of other ion channels and transporters. Contributes to the regulation of the pH and the ion content of the epithelia [...] (1480 aa) |
| | NAPEPLD | N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D; Hydrolyzes N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) to produce N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) and phosphatidic acid. Responsible for the generation of these bioactive fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs), including anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine), the ligand of cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors (By similarity). As a regulator of lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue, mediates the crosstalk between adipocytes, gut microbiota and immune cells to control body temperature and weight. In particular, regulates energy homeostasis [...] (393 aa) |
| | AVL9 | Late secretory pathway protein AVL9 homolog; Functions in cell migration; Belongs to the AVL9 family. (648 aa) |
| | VPS41 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport pathways; Belongs to the VPS41 family. (854 aa) |
| | AP4M1 | AP-4 complex subunit mu-1; Component of the adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4). Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components involved both in vesicle formation and cargo selection. They control the vesicular transport of proteins in different trafficking pathways. AP-4 forms a non clathrin- associated coat on vesicles departing the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and may be involved in the targeting of proteins from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the endosomal-lysosomal system. It is also involved in protein sorting to the basolateral membrane in epithelial cells and the proper asym [...] (453 aa) |
| | VTA1 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog; Involved in the endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVB) pathway. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. Thought to be a cofactor of VPS4A/B, which catalyzes disassembles membrane-associated ESCRT-III assemblies. Involved in the sorting and down-regulation of EGFR (By similarity). (307 aa) |
| | STX7 | Syntaxin-7; May be involved in protein trafficking from the plasma membrane to the early endosome (EE) as well as in homotypic fusion of endocytic organelles. Mediates the endocytic trafficking from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes (By similarity). (261 aa) |
| | SNX3 | Sorting nexin-3; Phosphoinositide-binding protein required for multivesicular body formation. Specifically binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)). Also can bind phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(P4)), phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(P5)) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-biphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Plays a role in protein transport between cellular compartments. Together with RAB7A facilitates endosome membrane association of the retromer cargo- selective subcomplex (CSC). May act in part as component of the SNX3- retromer complex which mediates the retrograde [...] (162 aa) |
| | PTP4A1 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 1; Protein tyrosine phosphatase which stimulates progression from G1 into S phase during mitosis. May play a role in the development and maintenance of differentiating epithelial tissues (By similarity). (173 aa) |
| | SQSTM1 | Sequestosome-1; Autophagy receptor required for selective macroautophagy (aggrephagy). Functions as a bridge between polyubiquitinated cargo and autophagosomes. Interacts directly with both the cargo to become degraded and an autophagy modifier of the MAP1 LC3 family. Required both for the formation and autophagic degradation of polyubiquitin- containing bodies, called ALIS (aggresome-like induced structures) and links ALIS to the autophagic machinery. Involved in midbody ring degradation (By similarity). May regulate the activation of NFKB1 by TNF-alpha, nerve growth factor (NGF) and [...] (436 aa) |
| | ARRDC3 | Arrestin domain-containing protein 3; Adapter protein that plays a role in regulating cell-surface expression of adrenergic receptors and probably also other G protein- coupled receptors. Plays a role in NEDD4-mediated ubiquitination and endocytosis af activated ADRB2 and subsequent ADRB2 degradation. May recruit NEDD4 to ADRB2. Alternatively, may function as adapter protein that does not play a major role in recruiting NEDD4 to ADRB2, but rather plays a role in a targeting ADRB2 to endosomes. (413 aa) |
| | ZFYVE16 | Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein. (1539 aa) |
| | CLCN3 | H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 3; Mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons. Functions as antiporter and contributes to the acidification of the endosome and synaptic vesicle lumen, and may thereby affect vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. May play an important role in neuronal cell function through regulation of membrane excitability by protein kinase C. It could help neuronal cells to establish short-term memory (By similarity). (866 aa) |
| | TMEM192 | Transmembrane protein 192; Belongs to the TMEM192 family. (271 aa) |
| | SLC9B2 | Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 9B2; Na+/H+ antiporter that extrudes Na(+) or Li(+) in exchange for external protons across the membrane. Contributes to the regulation of intracellular pH, Na(+) content and organellar volume. Plays an important role for insulin secretion and clathrin-mediated endocytosis in beta-cells. Involved in sperm motility and fertility. It is controversial whether SLC9B2 plays a role in osteoclast differentiation or not (By similarity). (509 aa) |
| | UBE2D3 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D3; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11'-, as well as 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 CDC34 and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Ubiquitin chain elongation is then performed by CDC34, building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3-primed [...] (149 aa) |
| | LAMTOR3 | Ragulator complex protein LAMTOR3; As part of the Ragulator complex it is involved in amino acid sensing and activation of mTORC1, a signaling complex promoting cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels, and amino acids. Activated by amino acids through a mechanism involving the lysosomal V- ATPase, the Ragulator functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor activating the small GTPases Rag. Activated Ragulator and Rag GTPases function as a scaffold recruiting mTORC1 to lysosomes where it is in turn activated. Adapter protein that enhances the efficiency of the MAP k [...] (124 aa) |
| | RASGEF1B | Ras-GEF domain-containing family member 1B; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) with specificity for RAP2A, it doesn't seems to activate other Ras family proteins (in vitro). (504 aa) |
| | PARM1 | Prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1 homolog; May regulate TLP1 expression and telomerase activity, thus enabling certain prostatic cells to resist apoptosis. (275 aa) |
| | OCIAD1 | OCIA domain-containing protein 1; Maintains stem cell potency (By similarity). Increases STAT3 phosphorylation and controls ERK phosphorylation (By similarity). May act as a scaffold, increasing STAT3 recruitment onto endosomes (By similarity). (245 aa) |
| | NSG1 | Neuronal vesicle trafficking-associated protein 1; Plays a role in the recycling mechanism in neurons of multiple receptors, including AMPAR, APP and L1CAM and acts at the level of early endosomes to promote sorting of receptors toward a recycling pathway. Regulates sorting and recycling of GRIA2 through interaction with GRIP1 and then contributes to the regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity by affecting the recycling and targeting of AMPA receptors to the synapse (By similarity). Is required for faithful sorting of L1CAM to axons by facilitating trafficking from somatoden [...] (185 aa) |
| | PRKCI | Protein kinase C iota type; Calcium- and diacylglycerol-independent serine/ threonine- protein kinase that plays a general protective role against apoptotic stimuli, is involved in NF-kappa-B activation, cell survival, differentiation and polarity, and contributes to the regulation of microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway. Is necessary for BCR-ABL oncogene-mediated resistance to apoptotic drug in leukemia cells, protecting leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. In cultured neurons, prevents amyloid beta protein-induced apoptosis by interrupting cell death process [...] (690 aa) |
| | RNF13 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF13; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may play a role in controlling cell proliferation. Involved in apoptosis regulation. Mediates ER stress-induced activation of JNK signaling pathway and apoptosis by promoting ERN1 activation and splicing of XBP1 mRNA. (381 aa) |
| | PIK3R4 | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4; Regulatory subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2 (By similarity). (1357 aa) |
| | CMTM6 | CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 6; Master regulator of recycling and plasma membrane expression of PD-L1/CD274, an immune inhibitory ligand critical for immune tolerance to self and antitumor immunity. Associates with both constitutive and IFNG-induced PD-L1/CD274 at recycling endosomes, where it protects PD-L1/CD274 from being targeted for lysosomal degradation, likely by preventing its ubiquitination. May stabilize PD-L1/CD274 expression on antigen presenting cells and potentiates inhibitory signaling by PDCD1/CD279, its receptor on T-cells, ultimately trigge [...] (183 aa) |
| | WDR48 | WD repeat-containing protein 48; Regulator of deubiquitinating complexes. Acts as a strong activator of USP1 and USP46. Enhances the USP1-mediated deubiquitination of FANCD2; USP1 being almost inactive by itself. Also activates deubiquitinating activity of complexes containing USP12. Activates deubiquitination by increasing the catalytic turnover without increasing the affinity of deubiquitinating enzymes for the substrate. May play a role in vesicular transport or membrane fusion events necessary for transport to lysosomes; Belongs to the WD repeat WDR48 family. (677 aa) |
| | ARL8B | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8B; Plays a role in lysosome motility. In neurons, mediates the anterograde axonal long-range transport of presynaptic lysosome-related vesicles required for presynaptic biogenesis and synaptic function (By similarity). May play a role in chromosome segregation (By similarity). (185 aa) |
| | CHMP2B | Charged multivesicular body protein 2b; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential functio [...] (213 aa) |
| | SNX4 | Sorting nexin-4; Involved in the regulation of endocytosis and in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Plays a role in recycling endocytosed transferrin receptor and prevent its degradation. Belongs to the sorting nexin family. (450 aa) |
| | RAB7A | Ras-related protein Rab-7a; Key regulator in endo-lysosomal trafficking. Governs early- to-late endosomal maturation, microtubule minus-end as well as plus-end directed endosomal migration and positioning, and endosome-lysosome transport through different protein-protein interaction cascades (By similarity). Plays a central role, not only in endosomal traffic, but also in many other cellular and physiological events, such as growth- factor-mediated cell signaling, nutrient-transportor mediated nutrient uptake, neurotrophin transport in the axons of neurons and lipid metabolism (By simi [...] (208 aa) |
| | ATG9A | Autophagy-related protein 9A; Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Plays a key role in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS), the nucleating site for formation of the sequestering vesicle. Cycles between a juxta-nuclear trans-Golgi network compartment and late endosomes. Nutrient starvation induces accumulation on autophagosomes. Starvation-dependent trafficking requires ULK1, ATG13 and SUPT20H (By similarity). (838 aa) |
| | PLEKHB2 | Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family B member 2; Involved in retrograde transport of recycling endosomes. (222 aa) |
| | RAB10 | Ras-related protein Rab-10; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes (By similarity). Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion (By similarity). That Rab is mainly involved in the biosynthetic transport of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Regulates, for instance, SLC [...] (199 aa) |
| | SLC30A3 | Zinc transporter 3; Involved in accumulation of zinc in synaptic vesicles. Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. SLC30A subfamily. (481 aa) |
| | SNX17 | Sorting nexin-17; Critical regulator of endosomal recycling of numerous surface proteins, including integrins, signaling receptor and channels. Binds to NPxY sequences in the cytoplasmic tails of target cargos. Associates with retriever and CCC complexes to prevent lysosomal degradation and promote cell surface recycling of numerous cargos such as integrins ITGB1, ITGB5 and their associated alpha subunits. Also required for maintenance of normal cell surface levels of APP and LRP1. Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)). (470 aa) |
| | VAMP8 | Vesicle-associated membrane protein 8; SNAREs, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors, are essential proteins for fusion of cellular membranes. SNAREs localized on opposing membranes assemble to form a trans-SNARE complex, an extended, parallel four alpha-helical bundle that drives membrane fusion. VAMP8 is a SNARE involved in autophagy through the direct control of autophagosome membrane fusion with the lysososome membrane via its interaction with the STX17-SNAP29 binary t- SNARE complex. Also required for dense-granule secretion in platelets. Plays als [...] (253 aa) |
| | CHMP3 | Charged multivesicular body protein 3; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function [...] (222 aa) |
| | LZTR1 | Leucine-zipper-like transcriptional regulator 1; Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates ubiquitination of Ras (K-Ras/KRAS, N-Ras/NRAS and H-Ras/HRAS). Is a negative regulator of RAS-MAPK signaling that acts by controlling Ras levels and decreasing Ras association with membranes. (820 aa) |
| | VPS26C | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26C; Acts as component of the retriever complex. The retriever complex is a heterotrimeric complex related to retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC) and essential for retromer-independent retrieval and recycling of numerous cargos such as integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5:ITGB1). The recruitment of the retriever complex to the endosomal membrane involves CCC and WASH complexes. In the endosomes, drives the retriever and recycling of NxxY-motif-containing cargo proteins by coupling to SNX17, a cargo essential for the homeostatic maintenance of nu [...] (297 aa) |
| | TM9SF4 | Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 4; Associates with proteins harboring glycine-rich transmembrane domains and ensures their efficient localization to the cell surface. Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family. (642 aa) |
| | VPS16 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes. Belongs to the VPS16 family. (839 aa) |
| | TMEM230 | Transmembrane protein 230; Involved in trafficking and recycling of synaptic vesicles. Belongs to the TMEM134/TMEM230 family. (120 aa) |
| | LAMP5 | Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 5; Plays a role in short-term synaptic plasticity in a subset of GABAergic neurons in the brain; Belongs to the LAMP family. (261 aa) |
| | PLD3 | 5'-3' exonuclease PLD3; 5'->3' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (By similarity). Regulates inflammatory cytokine responses via the degradation of nucleic acids, by reducing the concentration of ssDNA able to stimulate TLR9, a nucleotide-sensing receptor in collaboration with PLD4 (By similarity). May be important in myotube formation. Plays a role in lysosomal homeostasis. Involved in the regulation of endosomal protein sorting (By similarity). (490 aa) |
| | ANKRD27 | Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 27; May be a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for Rab21, Rab32 and Rab38 and regulate endosome dynamics. May regulate the participation of VAMP7 in membrane fusion events; in vitro inhibits VAMP7-mediated SNARE complex formation by trapping VAMP7 in a closed, fusogenically inactive conformation (By similarity). Involved in peripheral melanosomal distribution of TYRP1 in melanocytes; the function, which probably is implicating vesicle-trafficking, includes cooperation with Rab32, Rab38 and VAMP7. Involved in the regulation of neurite growth; the fun [...] (893 aa) |
| | RAB8A | Ras-related protein Rab-8A; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab is involved in polarized vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release. Together with RAB11A, RAB3IP, the exocyst complex, PARD3, PRKCI, ANXA2, CDC42 and DNMBP promotes t [...] (207 aa) |
| | PLIN3 | Perilipin-3; Required for the transport of mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPR) from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. (434 aa) |
| | VPS4B | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B; Involved in late steps of the endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVB) pathway. Recognizes membrane-associated ESCRT-III assemblies and catalyzes their disassembly, possibly in combination with membrane fission. Redistributes the ESCRT-III components to the cytoplasm for further rounds of MVB sorting. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth fact [...] (444 aa) |
| | NEDD4L | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Inhibits TGF- beta signaling by triggering SMAD2 and TGFBR1 ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. Promotes ubiquitination and internalization of various plasma membrane channels such as ENaC, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.5, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Kv1.3, KCNH2, EAAT1 or CLC5. Promotes ubiquitination and degradation of SGK1 and TNK2. Ubiquitinates BRAT1 and this ubiq [...] (964 aa) |
| | CR201_G0021153 | Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate; Involved in intracellular signal transduction mediated by cytokines and growth factors. When associated with STAM, it suppresses DNA signaling upon stimulation by IL-2 and GM-CSF. Could be a direct effector of PI3-kinase in vesicular pathway via early endosomes and may regulate trafficking to early and late endosomes by recruiting clathrin. May concentrate ubiquitinated receptors within clathrin- coated regions. Involved in down-regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase via multivesicular body (MVBs) when complexed with STAM (E [...] (616 aa) |
| | CHMP6 | Charged multivesicular body protein 6; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function [...] (178 aa) |
| | GRB2 | Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2; Adapter protein that provides a critical link between cell surface growth factor receptors and the Ras signaling pathway. Belongs to the GRB2/sem-5/DRK family. (217 aa) |
| | RAB5C | Ras-related protein Rab-5C; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity); Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family. (216 aa) |
| | BECN1 | Beclin-1-C 35 kDa; Plays a central role in autophagy. Acts as core subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Essential for the formation of PI3KC3-C2 but not PI3KC3-C1 PI3K complex f [...] (452 aa) |
| | TNFAIP1 | BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 2; Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex involved in regulation of cytoskeleton structure. The BCR(TNFAIP1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of RHOA, leading to its degradation by the proteasome, thereby regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration. Its interaction with RHOB may regulate apoptosis. May enhance the PCNA- dependent DNA polymerase delta activity (By similarity). (315 aa) |
| | VPS53 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 53 homolog; Acts as component of the GARP complex that is involved in retrograde transport from early and late endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). The GARP complex is required for the maintenance of the cycling of mannose 6-phosphate receptors between the TGN and endosomes, this cycling is necessary for proper lysosomal sorting of acid hydrolases such as CTSD. Acts as component of the EARP complex that is involved in endocytic recycling. The EARP complex associates with Rab4- positive endosomes and promotes recycling of internalized t [...] (770 aa) |
| | RABEP2 | Rab GTPase-binding effector protein 2; Plays a role in membrane trafficking and in homotypic early endosome fusion. Participates in arteriogenesis by regulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/VEGFR2 cell surface expression and endosomal trafficking. By interacting with SDCCAG8, localizes to centrosomes and plays a critical role in ciliogenesis. (569 aa) |
| | VPS35L | VPS35 endosomal protein sorting factor-like; Acts as component of the retriever complex. The retriever complex is a heterotrimeric complex related to retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC) and essential for retromer-independent retrieval and recycling of numerous cargos such as integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5:ITGB1). The recruitment of the retriever complex to the endosomal membrane involves CCC and WASH complexes. In the endosomes, drives the retrieval and recycling of NxxY-motif-containing cargo proteins by coupling to SNX17, a cargo essential for the homeostatic maintenance of numero [...] (992 aa) |
| | SCAMP5 | Secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 5; Required for the calcium-dependent exocytosis of signal sequence-containing cytokines such as CCL5. Probably acts in cooperation with the SNARE machinery (By similarity). (240 aa) |
| | RAB11A | Ras-related protein Rab-11A; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The small Rab GTPase RAB11A regulates endocytic recycling. Acts as a major regulator of membrane delivery during cytokinesis. Together with MYO5B and RAB8A participates in epithelial c [...] (216 aa) |
| | SNX1 | Sorting nexin-1; Involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) or phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Acts in part as component of the retromer membrane-deforming SNX-BAR subcomplex. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX-BAR subcomplex functions to deform the donor membrane into a tubular profile called en [...] (522 aa) |
| | NIPA2 | Magnesium transporter NIPA2; Acts as a selective Mg(2+) transporter; Belongs to the NIPA family. (360 aa) |
| | PSEN1 | Presenilin-1 CTF subunit; Catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid- beta precursor protein). Requires the presence of the other members of the gamma-secretase complex for protease activity. Plays a role in Notch and Wnt signaling cascades and regulation of downstream processes via its role in processing key regulatory proteins, and by regulating cytosolic CTNNB1 levels. Stimulates cell-cell adhesion via its interaction with CDH1; this stabili [...] (463 aa) |
| | GNPNAT1 | Glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase. (184 aa) |
| | SNX6 | Sorting nexin-6, N-terminally processed; Involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Interacts with membranes phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and/or phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (Probable). Acts in part as component of the retromer membrane-deforming SNX-BAR subcomplex. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome- to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX-BAR subcomplex functions to deform the donor membrane into a tubular profile call [...] (389 aa) |
| | CPNE6 | Copine-6; Calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that plays a role in calcium-mediated intracellular processes. Binds phospholipid membranes in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity). Belongs to the copine family. (557 aa) |
| | PIP4P1 | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5- bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P2) to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns-4-P). (277 aa) |
| | TM9SF2 | Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 2; In the intracellular compartments, may function as a channel or small molecule transporter; Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family. (663 aa) |
| | RAP2A | Ras-related protein Rap-2a; Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between a GDP-bound inactive and a GTP-bound active form. In its active form interacts with and regulates several effectors including MAP4K4, MINK1 and TNIK. Part of a signaling complex composed of NEDD4, RAP2A and TNIK which regulates neuronal dendrite extension and arborization during development. More generally, it is part of several signaling cascades and may regulate cytoskeletal rearrangements, cell migration, cell adhesion and cell spreading (By similarity). (197 aa) |
| | ITM2B | Integral membrane protein 2B; Plays a regulatory role in the processing of the amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein (APP) and acts as an inhibitor of the amyloid-beta peptide aggregation and fibrils deposition. Plays a role in the induction of neurite outgrowth. Functions as a protease inhibitor by blocking access of secretases to APP cleavage sites (By similarity). Bri23 peptide prevents aggregation of APP amyloid-beta protein 42 into toxic oligomers; Belongs to the ITM2 family. (266 aa) |
| | VPS29 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29; Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The recruitment of the CSC to the endosomal membrane involves RAB7A and SNX3. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans- Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for carg [...] (182 aa) |
| | RAB5B | Ras-related protein Rab-5B; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity). (285 aa) |
| | VPS26B | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B; Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The recruitment of the CSC to the endosomal membrane involves RAB7A and SNX3. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans- Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for car [...] (336 aa) |
| | VPS11 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes. Belongs to the VPS11 family. (941 aa) |
| | MTMR2 | Myotubularin-related protein 2; Phosphatase that acts on lipids with a phosphoinositol headgroup. Has phosphatase activity towards phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (By similarity). Binds phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5- phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. Stabilizes SBF2/MTMR13 at the membranes. Specifically in peripheral nerves, stabilizes SBF2/MTMR13 protein (By similarity). (640 aa) |
| | LAMTOR1 | Ragulator complex protein LAMTOR1; As part of the Ragulator complex it is involved in amino acid sensing and activation of mTORC1, a signaling complex promoting cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels, and amino acids. Activated by amino acids through a mechanism involving the lysosomal V- ATPase, the Ragulator functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor activating the small GTPases Rag. Activated Ragulator and Rag GTPases function as a scaffold recruiting mTORC1 to lysosomes where it is in turn activated. LAMTOR1 is directly responsible for anchoring the Ragulat [...] (161 aa) |
| | VPS37C | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C; Component of the ESCRT-I complex, a regulator of vesicular trafficking process. Required for the sorting of endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies. May be involved in cell growth and differentiation (By similarity); Belongs to the VPS37 family. (355 aa) |
| | EHD1 | EH domain-containing protein 1; ATP- and membrane-binding protein that controls membrane reorganization/tubulation upon ATP hydrolysis. Acts in early endocytic membrane fusion and membrane trafficking of recycling endosomes. Recruited to endosomal membranes upon nerve growth factor stimulation, indirectly regulates neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in myoblast fusion. Involved in the unidirectional retrograde dendritic transport of endocytosed BACE1 and in efficient sorting of BACE1 to axons implicating a function in neuronal APP processing. Plays a role in the formation of the ciliary v [...] (534 aa) |
| | PRDX3 | Thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, mitochondrial; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. (256 aa) |
| | ZFYVE27 | Protrudin; Key regulator of RAB11-dependent vesicular trafficking during neurite extension through polarized membrane transport. Promotes axonal elongation and contributes to the establishment of neuronal cell polarity. Involved in nerve growth factor-induced neurite formation in VAPA-dependent manner. Contributes to both the formation and stabilization of the tubular ER network. Involved in ER morphogenesis by regulating the sheet-to-tubule balance and possibly the density of tubule interconnections. Acts as an adapter protein that facilitates the interaction of KIF5A with VAPA, VAPB, [...] (480 aa) |
| | Washc2 | WASH complex subunit 2; Acts at least in part as component of the WASH core complex whose assembly at the surface of endosomes inhibits WASH nucleation- promoting factor (NPF) activity in recruiting and activating the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization and is involved in the fission of tubules that serve as transport intermediates during endosome sorting. Mediates the recruitment of the WASH core complex to endosome membranes via binding to phospholipids and VPS35 of the retromer CSC. Mediates the recruitment of the F-actin-capping protein dimer to the WASH core complex prob [...] (1331 aa) |
| | ITGB1 | Integrin beta-1; Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G- E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha- 4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha- 11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha- 4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin [...] (887 aa) |
| | OPTN | Optineurin; Plays an important role in the maintenance of the Golgi complex, in membrane trafficking, in exocytosis, through its interaction with myosin VI and Rab8. Links myosin VI to the Golgi complex and plays an important role in Golgi ribbon formation. Negatively regulates the induction of IFNB in response to RNA virus infection. Plays a neuroprotective role in the eye and optic nerve. Probably part of the TNF-alpha signaling pathway that can shift the equilibrium toward induction of cell death. May act by regulating membrane trafficking and cellular morphogenesis via a complex th [...] (532 aa) |
| | STX12 | Syntaxin-12; SNARE that acts to regulate protein transport between late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. The SNARE complex containing STX6, STX12, VAMP4 and VTI1A mediates vesicle fusion (in vitro) (By similarity). Through complex formation with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1 controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting (By similarity). (274 aa) |
| | OSBPL9 | Oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 9; Belongs to the OSBP family. (736 aa) |
| | ZFYVE9 | Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein. (1390 aa) |
| | YIPF1 | Protein YIPF1; Belongs to the YIP1 family. (306 aa) |
| | TMEM59 | Transmembrane protein 59; Acts as a regulator of autophagy in response to S.aureus infection by promoting activation of LC3 (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B or MAP1LC3C). Acts by interacting with ATG16L1, leading to promote a functional complex between LC3 and ATG16L1 and promoting LC3 lipidation and subsequent activation of autophagy. Modulates the O-glycosylation and complex N-glycosylation steps occurring during the Golgi maturation of several proteins such as APP, BACE1, SEAP or PRNP. Inhibits APP transport to the cell surface and further shedding. (323 aa) |
| | WLS | Protein wntless homolog; Regulates Wnt proteins sorting and secretion in a feedback regulatory mechanism. This reciprocal interaction plays a key role in the regulation of expression, subcellular location, binding and organelle-specific association of Wnt proteins. Plays also an important role in establishment of the anterior-posterior body axis formation during development (By similarity). (538 aa) |
| | RABGAP1L | Rab GTPase-activating protein 1-like; GTP-hydrolysis activating protein (GAP) for small GTPase RAB22A, converting active RAB22A-GTP to the inactive form RAB22A-GDP (By similarity). Plays a role in endocytosis and intracellular protein transport. Recruited by ANK2 to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-positive early endosomes, where it inactivates RAB22A, and promotes polarized trafficking to the leading edge of the migrating cells. Part of the ANK2/RABGAP1L complex which is required for the polarized recycling of fibronectin receptor ITGA5 ITGB1 to the plasma membrane that enables [...] (1052 aa) |
| | KCNK1 | Potassium channel subfamily K member 1; Ion channel that contributes to passive transmembrane potassium transport and to the regulation of the resting membrane potential in brain astrocytes, but also in kidney and in other tissues. Forms dimeric channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel is selective for K(+) ions at physiological potassium concentrations and at neutral pH, but becomes permeable to Na(+) at subphysiological K(+) levels, and upon acidification of the extracellular medium. The homodimer has very low potassium [...] (336 aa) |
