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| | SLC7A2 | Cationic amino acid transporter 2; Functions as permease involved in the transport of the cationic amino acids (arginine, lysine and ornithine); the affinity for its substrates differs between isoforms created by alternative splicing. Isoform 1 functions as permease that mediates the transport of the cationic amino acids (arginine, lysine and ornithine), and it has much higher affinity for arginine than isoform 2. Isoform 2 functions as low-affinity, high capacity permease involved in the transport of the cationic amino acids (arginine, lysine and ornithine). May play a role in classic [...] (698 aa) |
| | SLC7A9 | B(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1; Involved in the high-affinity, sodium-independent transport of cystine and neutral and dibasic amino acids (system b(0,+)-like activity). Thought to be responsible for the high-affinity reabsorption of cystine in the kidney tubule; Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. (487 aa) |
| | SLC2A3 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3; Facilitative glucose transporter that can also mediate the uptake of various other monosaccharides across the cell membrane. Mediates the uptake of glucose, 2- deoxyglucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and fucose, and probably also dehydroascorbate. Does not mediate fructose transport. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily. (496 aa) |
| | SLC10A1 | Sodium/bile acid cotransporter; The hepatic sodium/bile acid uptake system exhibits broad substrate specificity and transports various non-bile acid organic compounds as well. It is strictly dependent on the extracellular presence of sodium; Belongs to the bile acid:sodium symporter (BASS) (TC 2.A.28) family. (349 aa) |
| | ACOT8 | Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8; Acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8/ACOT8 display no strong substrate specificity with respect to the carboxylic acid moiety of Acyl-CoAs (By similarity). Hydrolyzes medium length (C2 to C20) straight-chain, saturated and unsaturated acyl-CoAS but is inactive towards substrates with longer aliphatic chains. More [...] (319 aa) |
| | SLC1A4 | Neutral amino acid transporter A; Transporter for alanine, serine, cysteine, and threonine. Exhibits sodium dependence. (532 aa) |
| | SLC5A9 | Sodium/glucose cotransporter 4; Involved in sodium-dependent transport of D-mannose, D- glucose and D-fructose; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (706 aa) |
| | SLC36A1 | Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1; Neutral amino acid/proton symporter. Has a pH-dependent electrogenic transport activity for small amino acids such as glycine, alanine and proline. Besides small apolar L-amino acids, it also recognizes their D-enantiomers and selected amino acid derivatives such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (By similarity). (476 aa) |
| | SLC17A1 | Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1; Important for the resorption of phosphate by the kidney. May be involved in actively transporting phosphate into cells via Na(+) cotransport in the renal brush border membrane. Plays a role in urate transport in the kidney. (467 aa) |
| | SLC10A2 | Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter; Plays a critical role in the sodium-dependent reabsorption of bile acids from the lumen of the small intestine. Plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism; Belongs to the bile acid:sodium symporter (BASS) (TC 2.A.28) family. (348 aa) |
| | CDO1 | Cysteine dioxygenase type 1; Initiates several important metabolic pathways related to pyruvate and several sulfurate compounds including sulfate, hypotaurine and taurine. Critical regulator of cellular cysteine concentrations. Has an important role in maintaining the hepatic concentation of intracellular free cysteine within a proper narrow range. (200 aa) |
| | SLC7A10 | Asc-type amino acid transporter 1; Sodium-independent, high affinity transport of small neutral D- and L-amino acids. May play a role in the modulation of glutamatergic transmission through mobilization of D-serine at the glutamatergic synapse; Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. (523 aa) |
| | NR0B2 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2; Transcriptional regulator that acts as a negative regulator of receptor-dependent signaling pathways (By similarity). Specifically inhibits transactivation of the nuclear receptor with which it interacts (By similarity). Inhibits transcriptional activity of NEUROD1 on E-box-containing promoter by interfering with the coactivation function of the p300/CBP-mediated transcription complex for NEUROD1. Essential component of the liver circadian clock which via its interaction with NR1D1 and RORG regulates NPAS2-mediated hepatic lipid metabolism [...] (257 aa) |
| | SLC38A2 | Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2; Functions as a sodium-dependent amino acid transporter. Mediates the saturable, pH-sensitive and electrogenic cotransport of neutral amino acids and sodium ions with a stoichiometry of 1:1. May function in the transport of amino acids at the blood-brain barrier and in the supply of maternal nutrients to the fetus through the placenta. (506 aa) |
| | SLCO1B1 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1; Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene C3, leukotriene E4, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Involved in the clearance of bile acids and organic anions from the liver. Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family. (691 aa) |
| | BAAT | Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase; Catalyzes the amidation of bile acids (BAs) with the amino acids taurine and glycine. More than 95% of the BAs are N-acyl amidates with glycine and taurine. Amidation of BAs in the liver with glycine or taurine prior to their excretion into bile is an important biochemical event in bile acid metabolism. This conjugation (or amidation) plays several important biological roles in that it promotes the secretion of BAs and cholesterol into bile and increases the detergent properties of BAs in the intestine, which facilitates lipid and vitamin abs [...] (418 aa) |
| | SLC3A1 | Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBAT; Involved in the high-affinity, sodium-independent transport of cystine and neutral and dibasic amino acids (system B(0,+)-like activity). May function as an activator of SLC7A9 and be involved in the high-affinity reabsorption of cystine in the kidney tubule. (685 aa) |
| | SLCO1B3 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3; Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, taurocholate, triiodothyronine (T3), leukotriene C4, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), methotrexate and sulfobromophthalein (BSP). Involved in the clearance of bile acids and organic anions from the liver; Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family. (702 aa) |
| | SLC7A5 | Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1; The heterodimer with SLC3A2 functions as sodium-independent, high-affinity transporter that mediates uptake of large neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, L-DOPA, leucine, histidine, methionine and tryptophan. Functions as an amino acid exchanger. May play a role in the transport of L-DOPA across the blood-brain barrier (By similarity). May act as the major transporter of tyrosine in fibroblasts (Probable). May mediate blood-to-retina L-leucine transport across the inner blood-retinal barrier (By similarity). Can med [...] (507 aa) |
| | SLC27A5 | Bile acyl-CoA synthetase; Acyl-CoA synthetase that catalyzes the activation of bile acids via formation of bile acid CoA thioesters which is necessary for their subsequent conjugation with glycine or taurine. Both primary bile acids (cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid) and secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid) are the principal substrates. Also exhibits acyl CoA synthetase activity that activates very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) by catalyzing the formation of fatty acyl-CoA. In vitro, also activates 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanate ( [...] (690 aa) |
| | SLC2A9 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9; Urate transporter, which may play a role in the urate reabsorption by proximal tubules. Does not transport glucose, fructose or galactose. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily. (540 aa) |
| | SLC5A4 | Solute carrier family 5 member 4; Has electrogenic activity in response to glucose, and may function as a glucose sensor. Mediates influx of sodium ions into the cell but does not transport sugars. Also potently activated by imino sugars such as deoxynojirimycin (DNJ). Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (659 aa) |
| | SLC38A4 | Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 4; Sodium-dependent amino acid transporter. Mediates electrogenic symport of neutral amino acids and sodium ions. Has a broad specificity, with a preference for Ala, followed by His, Cys, Asn, Ser, Gly, Val, Thr, Gln and Met. May mediate sodium-independent transport of cationic amino acids, such as Arg and Lys. Amino acid uptake is pH-dependent, with low transport activities at pH 6.5, intermediate at pH 7.0 and highest between pH 7.5 and 8.5. (547 aa) |
| | SLC6A15 | Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2; Functions as a sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter. Exhibits preference for the branched-chain amino acids, particularly leucine, valine and isoleucine and methionine. Mediates the saturable, pH-sensitive and electrogenic cotransport of proline and sodium ions with a stoichiometry of 1:1. May have a role as transporter for neurotransmitter precursors into neurons. In contrast to other members of the neurotransmitter transporter family, does not appear to be chloride-dependent. (730 aa) |
| | CSAD | Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase; Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-aspartate, 3-sulfino-L- alanine (cysteine sulfinic acid), and L-cysteate to beta-alanine, hypotaurine and taurine, respectively. The preferred substrate is 3- sulfino-L-alanine. Does not exhibit any decarboxylation activity toward glutamate. (520 aa) |
| | ASGR1 | Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1; Mediates the endocytosis of plasma glycoproteins to which the terminal sialic acid residue on their complex carbohydrate moieties has been removed. The receptor recognizes terminal galactose and N- acetylgalactosamine units. After ligand binding to the receptor, the resulting complex is internalized and transported to a sorting organelle, where receptor and ligand are disassociated. The receptor then returns to the cell membrane surface. (291 aa) |
| | SLC47A1 | Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1; Solute transporter for tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, N-methylnicotinamide (NMN), metformin, creatinine, guanidine, procainamide, topotecan, estrone sulfate, acyclovir, ganciclovir and also the zwitterionic cephalosporin, cephalexin and cephradin. Seems to also play a role in the uptake of oxaliplatin (a new platinum anticancer agent). Able to transport paraquat (PQ or N,N-dimethyl-4-4'-bipiridinium); a widely used herbicid. Responsible for the secretion of cationic drugs across the brush border membranes. (570 aa) |
| | SLC2A12 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 12; Insulin-independent facilitative glucose transporter. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily. (617 aa) |
| | SLC22A3 | Solute carrier family 22 member 3; Mediates potential-dependent transport of a variety of organic cations. May play a significant role in the disposition of cationic neurotoxins and neurotransmitters in the brain. Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (556 aa) |
| | SLC43A1 | Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 3; Sodium-independent, high affinity transport of large neutral amino acids. Has narrower substrate selectivity compared to SLC7A5 and SLC7A8 and mainly transports branched-chain amino acids and phenylalanine. Plays a role in the development of human prostate cancer, from prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive prostate cancer. (559 aa) |
| | SLC22A9 | Solute carrier family 22 member 9; Sodium-independent organic anion transporter which exhibits high specificity for sulfated conjugates of xenobiotics and steroid hormones. It is also specifically activated by 3 to 5 carbons- containing short-chain fatty acids/SCFAs, including propionate, butyrate and valerate. May operate the exchange of sulfated organic components against short-chain fatty acids/SCFAs at the sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes; Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (553 aa) |
| | SLC7A11 | Cystine/glutamate transporter; Sodium-independent, high-affinity exchange of anionic amino acids with high specificity for anionic form of cystine and glutamate. Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2.A.3.8) family. (501 aa) |
| | SLC2A13 | Proton myo-inositol cotransporter; H(+)-myo-inositol cotransporter. Can also transport related stereoisomers. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. (648 aa) |
| | ABCA6 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 6; Probable transporter which may play a role in macrophage lipid homeostasis; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCA family. (1617 aa) |
| | ABCC3 | Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2; May act as an inducible transporter in the biliary and intestinal excretion of organic anions. Acts as an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocytes (By similarity). (1527 aa) |
| | ABCF2-2 | ATP binding cassette subfamily F member 2. (623 aa) |
| | SLCO2B1 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1; Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost. (709 aa) |
| | SLC5A11 | Sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter 2; Involved in the sodium-dependent cotransport of myo-inositol (MI) with a Na(+):MI stoichiometry of 2:1. Exclusively responsible for apical MI transport and absorption in intestine. Also can transport D- chiro-inositol (DCI) but not L-fructose. Exhibits stereospecific cotransport of both D-glucose and D-xylose. May induce apoptosis through the TNF-alpha, PDCD1 pathway. May play a role in the regulation of MI concentration in serum, involving reabsorption in at least the proximal tubule of the kidney; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2 [...] (675 aa) |
| | SLC51A | Organic solute transporter subunit alpha; Essential component of the Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex, a heterodimer that acts as the intestinal basolateral transporter responsible for bile acid export from enterocytes into portal blood. Efficiently transports the major species of bile acids. (340 aa) |
| | SLC7A13 | Solute carrier family 7 member 13; Mediates the transport L-aspartate and L-glutamate in a sodium-independent manner; Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. (470 aa) |
| | SLC22A11 | Solute carrier family 22 member 11; Mediates saturable uptake of estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related compounds. (550 aa) |
| | ACSM1 | Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM1, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the activation of fatty acids by CoA to produce an acyl-CoA, the first step in fatty acid metabolism. Capable of activating medium-chain fatty acids (e.g. butyric (C4) to decanoic (C10) acids), and certain carboxylate-containing xenobiotics, e.g. benzoate. Also catalyzes the activation of lipoate to lipoyl-nucleoside monophosphate (By similarity). Activates lipoate with GTP at a 1000-fold higher rate than with ATP and activates both (R)- and (S)-lipoate to the respective lipoyl-GMP, with a preference for (R)-lipoate (By similarity). (577 aa) |
| | SLCO1A2 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2; Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibited by the grapefruit juice component naringin. (670 aa) |
| | SLC22A25 | Solute carrier family 22 member 25; Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (547 aa) |
| | SLCO4C1 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1; Organic anion transporter, capable of transporting pharmacological substances such as digoxin, ouabain, thyroxine, methotrexate and cAMP. May participate in the regulation of membrane transport of ouabain. Involved in the uptake of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin and hence may play a role in its transport into and out of renal proximal tubule cells. May be involved in the first step of the transport pathway of digoxin and various compounds into the urine in the kidney. May be involved in sperm maturation by en [...] (724 aa) |
| | SLC22A13 | Solute carrier family 22 member 13. (551 aa) |
| | ABCC12 | Multidrug resistance-associated protein 9; Probable transporter. (1359 aa) |
| | SLC28A2 | Sodium/nucleoside cotransporter 2; Sodium-dependent and purine-selective transporter. Exhibits the transport characteristics of the nucleoside transport system cif or N1 subtype (N1/cif) (selective for purine nucleosides and uridine). Plays a critical role in specific uptake and salvage of purine nucleosides in kidney and other tissues; Belongs to the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) (TC 2.A.41) family. (658 aa) |
| | SLC36A4 | Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 4; Functions as a sodium-independent electroneutral transporter for tryptophan, proline and alanine. Inhibited by sarcosine. Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. (504 aa) |
| | SLC7A8 | Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2; Sodium-independent, high-affinity transport of small and large neutral amino acids such as alanine, serine, threonine, cysteine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan, when associated with SLC3A2/4F2hc. Acts as an amino acid exchanger. Has higher affinity for L-phenylalanine than LAT1 but lower affinity for glutamine and serine. L-alanine is transported at physiological concentrations. Plays a role in basolateral (re)absorption of neutral amino acids. Involved in the uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) when administe [...] (535 aa) |
| | SLCO3A1 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1; Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as estrone-3-sulfate. Mediates transport of prostaglandins (PG) E1 and E2, thyroxine (T4), deltorphin II, BQ-123 and vasopressin, but not DPDPE (a derivative of enkephalin lacking an N-terminal tyrosine residue), estrone-3-sulfate, taurocholate, digoxin nor DHEAS. (710 aa) |
| | SLC47A2 | Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2; Solute transporter for tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, N-methylnicotinamide, metformin, creatinine, guanidine, procainamide, topotecan, estrone sulfate, acyclovir, and ganciclovir. Responsible for the secretion of cationic drugs across the brush border membranes; Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family. (602 aa) |
| | SLC22A10 | Solute carrier family 22 member 10. (541 aa) |
| | ABCC5 | Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5; Acts as a multispecific organic anion pump which can transport nucleotide analogs; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily. (1437 aa) |
| | SLC36A2 | Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 2; Involved in a pH-dependent electrogenic neuronal transport and sequestration of small amino acids. Transports glycine and proline. Inhibited by sarcosine (By similarity); Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. (483 aa) |
| | SLC51B | Organic solute transporter subunit beta; Essential component of the Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex, a heterodimer that acts as the intestinal basolateral transporter responsible for bile acid export from enterocytes into portal blood. Efficiently transports the major species of bile acids. Modulates SLC51A glycosylation, membrane trafficking and stability activities. (128 aa) |
| | NR1I2 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2; Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs and endogenous compounds. Activated by the antibiotic rifampicin and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and isoflavones. Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds [...] (473 aa) |
| | SLC22A8 | Solute carrier family 22 member 8; Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenadine. Transports benzylpenicillin (PCG), estrone-3-sulfate (E1S), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), p-amino-hippurate (PAH), acyclovir (ACV) and ochratoxin (OTA). Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (542 aa) |
| | NFAT5 | Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5; Transcription factor involved, among others, in the transcriptional regulation of osmoprotective and inflammatory genes. Mediates the transcriptional response to hypertonicity. Positively regulates the transcription of LCN2 and S100A4 genes; optimal transactivation of these genes requires the presence of DDX5/DDX17. Binds the DNA consensus sequence 5'-[ACT][AG]TGGAAA[CAT]A[TA][ATC][CA][ATG][GT][GAC][CG][CT]-3'. (1549 aa) |
| | ABCA9 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 9; May play a role in monocyte differentiation and lipid homeostasis; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCA family. (1624 aa) |
| | SLC6A20 | Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3; Mediates the calcium-dependent uptake of imino acids such as L-proline, N-methyl-L-proline and pipecolate as well as N-methylated amino acids. Involved in the transport of glycine. (592 aa) |
| | ASGR2 | Asialoglycoprotein receptor 2; Mediates the endocytosis of plasma glycoproteins to which the terminal sialic acid residue on their complex carbohydrate moieties has been removed. The receptor recognizes terminal galactose and N- acetylgalactosamine units. After ligand binding to the receptor, the resulting complex is internalized and transported to a sorting organelle, where receptor and ligand are disassociated. The receptor then returns to the cell membrane surface. (311 aa) |
| | SPNS3 | Protein spinster homolog 3; Sphingolipid transporter. (512 aa) |
| | SLC2A10 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 10; Facilitative glucose transporter required for the development of the cardiovascular system; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily. (541 aa) |
| | SLC6A9 | Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1; Terminates the action of glycine by its high affinity sodium- dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals. May play a role in regulation of glycine levels in NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission. (706 aa) |
| | SLC22A2 | Solute carrier family 22 member 2; Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamine, creatinine, amantadine, memantine, acriflavine, 4-[4- (dimethylamino)-styryl]-N-methylpyridinium ASP, amiloride, metformin, N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin may develop a nephrotoxic action. Transport of creatinine is inhibited by fluoroquinolones such as [...] (555 aa) |
| | SLC22A1 | Solute carrier family 22 member 1; Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1- methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1- methylnicotinamide (NMN), 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N- methylpyridinium (ASP), the endogenous compounds choline, guanidine, histamine, epinephrine, adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, and the drugs quinine, and metformin. The transport of organic cations is inhibited by a broad array of compounds like tetramethylammonium (TMA), cocaine, lidocaine, NMDA recepto [...] (554 aa) |
| | NR5A2 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2; Nuclear receptor that acts as a key metabolic sensor by regulating the expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis, cholesterol homeostasis and triglyceride synthesis. Together with the oxysterol receptors NR1H3/LXR-alpha and NR1H2/LXR-beta, acts as an essential transcriptional regulator of lipid metabolism. Plays an anti- inflammatory role during the hepatic acute phase response by acting as a corepressor: inhibits the hepatic acute phase response by preventing dissociation of the N-Cor corepressor complex. Binds to the sequence e [...] (541 aa) |
| | SLC22A16 | Solute carrier family 22 member 16; High affinity carnitine transporter; the uptake is partially sodium-ion dependent. Thought to mediate the L-carnitine secretion mechanism from testis epididymal epithelium into the lumen which is involved in the maturation of spermatozoa. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) and doxorubicin. The uptake of TEA is inhibited by various organic cations. The uptake of doxorubicin is sodium-independent; Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (577 aa) |
| | SLC22A15 | Solute carrier family 22 member 15; Probably transports organic cations (By similarity). Appears not to be the agmatine transporter. (547 aa) |
| | SLC2A6 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 6; Probable sugar transporter that acts as a regulator of glycolysis in macrophages (Probable). Does not transport glucose. (507 aa) |
| | ABCC10 | Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7; ATP-dependent transporter probably involved in cellular detoxification through lipophilic anion extrusion. (1492 aa) |
| | SLC22A7 | Solute carrier family 22 member 7; Mediates sodium-independent multispecific organic anion transport. Transport of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, tetracycline, bumetanide, estrone sulfate, glutarate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, allopurinol, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, L-ascorbic acid, salicylate, ethotrexate, and alpha- ketoglutarate. (548 aa) |
| | SLC29A3 | Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3; Mediates both influx and efflux of nucleosides across the membrane (equilibrative transporter). Mediates transport of adenine, adenosine and uridine, as well as several nucleoside analog drugs, such as anticancer and antiviral agents, including cladribine, cordycepin, tubercidin and AZT. Does not transport hypoxanthine. (475 aa) |
| | SLC2A8 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 8; Insulin-regulated facilitative hexose transporter that mediates the transport of glucose and fructose. Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate. (477 aa) |
| | ADO | 2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenase. (270 aa) |
| | SLC7A3 | Cationic amino acid transporter 3; Mediates the uptake of the cationic amino acids arginine, lysine and ornithine in a sodium-independent manner. Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) (TC 2.A.3.3) family. (619 aa) |
| | SVEP1 | Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain-containing protein 1; May play a role in the cell attachment process. (3571 aa) |
| | SLC28A3 | Solute carrier family 28 member 3; Sodium-dependent, pyrimidine- and purine-selective. Involved in the homeostasis of endogenous nucleosides. Exhibits the transport characteristics of the nucleoside transport system cib or N3 subtype (N3/cib) (with marked transport of both thymidine and inosine). Employs a 2:1 sodium/nucleoside ratio. Also able to transport gemcitabine, 3'- azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), ribavirin and 3-deazauridine. Belongs to the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) (TC 2.A.41) family. (691 aa) |
| | SLC15A1 | Solute carrier family 15 member 1; Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. May constitute a major route for the absorption of protein digestion end-products; Belongs to the PTR2/POT transporter (TC 2.A.17) family. (708 aa) |
| | SLC22A12 | Solute carrier family 22 member 12; Required for efficient urate re-absorption in the kidney. Regulates blood urate levels. Mediates saturable urate uptake by facilitating the exchange of urate against organic anions. Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (553 aa) |
| | SLC22A6 | Solute carrier family 22 member 6; Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1- propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) (By similarity). Mediates the sodium- independent uptake of p-aminohippurate (PAH), ochratoxin (OTA), acyclovir (ACV), 3'-azido-3-'deoxythymidine (AZT), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate [...] (563 aa) |
| | SLC3A2 | 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain; Component of several heterodimeric amino acid transporter complexes. The precise substrate specificity depends on the other subunit in the heterodimer. The heterodimer with SLC3A2 functions as sodium-independent, high-affinity transporter that mediates uptake of large neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, L-DOPA, leucine, histidine, methionine and tryptophan. The complexes with SLC7A6 and SLC7A7 mediate uptake of dibasic amino acids. The complexes function as amino acid exchangers. Required for targeting of SLC7A5 and SLC7A8 to the p [...] (631 aa) |
| | SLC17A4 | Probable small intestine urate exporter; Acts as a membrane potential-dependent organic anion transporter, the transport requires a low concentration of chloride ions. May be involved in urate extrusion from the intestinal duct. May recognize hydrophilic anionic drugs such as aspirin, salicylate, and ibuprofen as substrates. Able to actively transport inorganic phosphate into cells via Na(+) cotransport (in vitro). Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. (497 aa) |
| | SLC5A3 | Sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter; Prevents intracellular accumulation of high concentrations of myo-inositol (an osmolyte) that result in impairment of cellular function; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (718 aa) |
| | SLC7A4 | Cationic amino acid transporter 4; Involved in the transport of the cationic amino acids (arginine, lysine and ornithine); Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) (TC 2.A.3.3) family. (635 aa) |
| | ABCA5 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 5; May play a role in the processing of autolysosomes. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCA family. (1642 aa) |
| | FABP6 | Gastrotropin; Binds to bile acids and is involved in enterohepatic bile acid metabolism. Required for efficient apical to basolateral transport of conjugated bile acids in ileal enterocytes (By similarity). In vitro binds to bile acids in the order: deoxycholic acid > cholic acid > chenodeoxycholic acid and respective BA conjugation modifies affinities in the order taurine-conjugated > glycine-conjugated > unconjugated bile acids. Stimulates gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion (By similarity). ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51162, ; Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding prot [...] (177 aa) |
| | SLC28A1 | Sodium/nucleoside cotransporter 1; Sodium-dependent and pyrimidine-selective transporter. Exhibits the transport characteristics of the nucleoside transport system cit or N2 subtype (N2/cit) (selective for pyrimidine nucleosides and adenosine). Transports uridine, cytidine, thymidine, and nucleoside-derived drugs. Transports the antiviral pyrimidine nucleoside analogs 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC). It may be involved in the intestinal absorption and renal handling of pyrimidine nucleoside analogs used to treat acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) [...] (649 aa) |
| | ABCC11 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11; Participates in physiological processes involving bile acids, conjugated steroids and cyclic nucleotides. Enhances the cellular extrusion of cAMP and cGMP. Stimulates the ATP-dependent uptake of a range of physiological and synthetic lipophilic anions, including the glutathione S-conjugates leukotriene C4 and dinitrophenyl S- glutathione, steroid sulfates such as dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate (DHEAS) and estrone 3-sulfate, glucuronides such as estradiol 17-beta- D-glucuronide (E(2)17betaG), the monoanionic bile acids glycocholate and taur [...] (1382 aa) |
| | SLC16A9 | Monocarboxylate transporter 9; Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. May catalyze the transport of monocarboxylates across the plasma membrane. (509 aa) |
| | SLC5A10 | Sodium/glucose cotransporter 5; High capacity transporter for mannose and fructose and, to a lesser extent, glucose, AMG, and galactose. Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (612 aa) |
| | SLC5A12 | Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 2; Acts as an electroneutral and low-affinity sodium (Na(+))- dependent sodium-coupled solute transporter. Catalyzes the transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, nicotinate, propionate, butyrate and beta-D-hydroxybutyrate. May be responsible for the first step of reabsorption of monocarboxylates from the lumen of the proximal tubule of the kidney and the small intestine. May play also a role in monocarboxylates transport in the retina (By similarity). Mediates electroneutral uptake of lactate, wi [...] (618 aa) |
| | SLC29A4 | Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4; Functions as a polyspecific organic cation transporter, efficiently transporting many organic cations such as monoamine neurotransmitters 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and biogenic amines including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. May play a role in regulating central nervous system homeostasis of monoamine neurotransmitters. May be involved in luminal transport of organic cations in the kidney and seems to use luminal proton gradient to drive organic cation reabsorption. Does not seem to transport nucleoside and nucleoside anal [...] (530 aa) |
| | SLC17A3 | Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 4; [Isoform 2]: voltage-driven, multispecific, organic anion transporter able to transport para-aminohippurate (PAH), estrone sulfate, estradiol-17-beta-glucuronide, bumetanide, and ochratoxin A. Isoform 2 functions as urate efflux transporter on the apical side of renal proximal tubule and is likely to act as an exit path for organic anionic drugs as well as urate in vivo. May be involved in actively transporting phosphate into cells via Na(+) cotransport; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. (498 aa) |
| | SLC7A7 | Y+L amino acid transporter 1; Involved in the sodium-independent uptake of dibasic amino acids and sodium-dependent uptake of some neutral amino acids. Requires coexpression with SLC3A2/4F2hc to mediate the uptake of arginine, leucine and glutamine. Plays a role in nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via transport of L-arginine. Involved in the transport of L-arginine in monocytes. Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2.A.3.8) family. (511 aa) |
| | SLC2A7 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 7; Probable sugar transporter. Its physiological substrate is subject to discussion. Does not transport galactose, 2-deoxy-d-glucose and xylose ; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily. (512 aa) |
| | ABCB5 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5; Drug efflux transporter present in a number of stem cells that acts as a regulator of cellular differentiation. Able to mediate efflux from cells of the rhodamine dye and of the therapeutic drug doxorubicin. Specifically present in limbal stem cells, where it plays a key role in corneal development and repair. (1257 aa) |
| | SLC22A23 | Solute carrier family 22 member 23. (686 aa) |
| | PTRH2 | Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase 2, mitochondrial; The natural substrate for this enzyme may be peptidyl-tRNAs which drop off the ribosome during protein synthesis; Belongs to the PTH2 family. (180 aa) |
| | SLCO1B7 | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B7. (640 aa) |
| | SLC6A12 | Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter; Transports betaine and GABA. May have a role in regulation of GABAergic transmission in the brain through the reuptake of GABA into presynaptic terminals, as well as in osmotic regulation. (614 aa) |
| | SLC2A11-2 | MFS domain-containing protein. (209 aa) |
| | SLC22A5 | Solute carrier family 22 member 5; Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without the involvement of sodium. Also relative uptake activity ratio of carnitine to TEA is 11.3; Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (581 aa) |
| | SLC15A2 | Solute carrier family 15 member 2; Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. Transports the dipeptide-like aminopeptidase inhibitor bestatin (By similarity). Can also transport the aminocephalosporin antibiotic cefadroxil (By similarity); Belongs to the PTR2/POT transporter (TC 2.A.17) family. (729 aa) |
| | GPBAR1 | G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1; Receptor for bile acid. Bile acid-binding induces its internalization, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and intracellular cAMP production. May be involved in the suppression of macrophage functions by bile acids. (330 aa) |
| | SLC29A2 | Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2; Mediates equilibrative transport of purine, pyrimidine nucleosides and the purine base hypoxanthine. Very less sensitive than SLC29A1 to inhibition by nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), dipyridamole, dilazep and draflazine. (456 aa) |
| | SLC1A5 | Neutral amino acid transporter B(0); Sodium-dependent amino acids transporter that has a broad substrate specificity, with a preference for zwitterionic amino acids. It accepts as substrates all neutral amino acids, including glutamine, asparagine, and branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, and excludes methylated, anionic, and cationic amino acids. Through binding of the fusogenic protein syncytin- 1/ERVW-1 may mediate trophoblasts syncytialization, the spontaneous fusion of their plasma membranes, an essential process in placental development. (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell s [...] (541 aa) |
| | SLC5A8 | Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1; Acts as an electrogenic sodium (Na(+)) and chloride (Cl-)- dependent sodium-coupled solute transporter, including transport of monocarboxylates (short-chain fatty acids including L-lactate, D- lactate, pyruvate, acetate, propionate, valerate and butyrate), lactate, mocarboxylate drugs (nicotinate, benzoate, salicylate and 5- aminosalicylate) and ketone bodies (beta-D-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and alpha-ketoisocaproate), with a Na(+):substrate stoichiometry of between 4:1 and 2:1. Catalyzes passive carrier mediated diffusion of iodide. M [...] (610 aa) |
| | SLC2A14 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 14; Hexose transporter that can mediate the transport of glucose and dehydroascorbate across the cell membrane. (535 aa) |
| | NR1H4 | Bile acid receptor; Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor for bile acids (BAs) such as chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA) and allocholic acid (ACA). Plays a essential role in BA homeostasis through the regulation of genes involved in BA synthesis, conjugation and enterohepatic circulation. Also regulates lipid and glucose homeostasis and is involved innate immune response. The FXR-RXR heterodimer binds predominantly to farnesoid X receptor response elements (FXREs) containing two inverted repeats of the consensus sequence 5'-AGGTCA-3' in wh [...] (486 aa) |
| | SLC38A1 | Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1; Functions as a sodium-dependent amino acid transporter. Mediates the saturable, pH-sensitive and electrogenic cotransport of glutamine and sodium ions with a stoichiometry of 1:1. May also transport small zwitterionic and aliphatic amino acids with a lower affinity. May supply glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons with glutamine which is required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA. (503 aa) |
| | SLC7A6 | Y+L amino acid transporter 2; Involved in the sodium-independent uptake of dibasic amino acids and sodium-dependent uptake of some neutral amino acids. Requires coexpression with SLC3A2/4F2hc to mediate the uptake of arginine, leucine and glutamine. Also acts as an arginine/glutamine exchanger, following an antiport mechanism for amino acid transport, influencing arginine release in exchange for extracellular amino acids. Plays a role in nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via transport of L-arginine. Involved in the transport of L-arginine in mono [...] (515 aa) |
| | SLC43A2 | Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 4; Sodium-, chloride-, and pH-independent high affinity transport of large neutral amino acids. (573 aa) |
| | ABCA8 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 8; ATP-dependent lipophilic drug transporter. (1621 aa) |
| | SLC6A14 | Sodium- and chloride-dependent neutral and basic amino acid transporter B(0+); Mediates the uptake of a broad range of neutral and cationic amino acids (with the exception of proline) in a Na(+)/Cl(-)-dependent manner. (642 aa) |
| | SLC38A5 | Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5; Functions as a sodium-dependent amino acid transporter which countertransport protons. Mediates the saturable, pH-sensitive, and electrogenic cotransport of several neutral amino acids including glycine, asparagine, alanine, serine, glutamine and histidine with sodium. (472 aa) |
| | SLC22A31 | Putative solute carrier family 22 member 31; Organic anion transporter that mediates the uptake of ions. Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (338 aa) |
| | ABCB1 | ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1; Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane. Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins. Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells. (1280 aa) |
| | SLC1A7 | Excitatory amino acid transporter 5; Transports L-glutamate; the L-glutamate uptake is sodium- and voltage-dependent and chloride-independent. Its associated chloride conductance may participate in visual processing. (619 aa) |
| | SLC38A3 | Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3; Sodium-dependent amino acid/proton antiporter. Mediates electrogenic cotransport of glutamine and sodium ions in exchange for protons. Also recognizes histidine, asparagine and alanine. May mediate amino acid transport in either direction under physiological conditions. May play a role in nitrogen metabolism and synaptic transmission; Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. (504 aa) |
| | SLC6A6 | Sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporter; Sodium-dependent taurine and beta-alanine transporter. Chloride ions are necessary for optimal uptake. (721 aa) |
| | SLC35E2B | Solute carrier family 35 member E2B; Putative transporter; Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35E subfamily. (405 aa) |
| | ABCG4 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 4; May be involved in macrophage lipid homeostasis. (646 aa) |
| | HMGN3 | High mobility group nucleosome-binding domain-containing protein 3; Binds to nucleosomes, regulating chromatin structure and consequently, chromatin-dependent processes such as transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair. Affects both insulin and glucagon levels and modulates the expression of pancreatic genes involved in insulin secretion. Regulates the expression of the glucose transporter SLC2A2 by binding specifically to its promoter region and recruiting PDX1 and additional transcription factors. Regulates the expression of SLC6A9, a glycine transporter which regulates the glyci [...] (130 aa) |
| | SLC2A11 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 11; Facilitative glucose transporter. (535 aa) |
| | SLC35G4 | Solute carrier family 35 member G4. (338 aa) |
| | ABCC4 | Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4; May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily. (1325 aa) |
| | ABCC2 | Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1; Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions and conjugated organic anions such as methotrexate, 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid and leukotriene C4. Also transports sulfated bile salt such as taurolithocholate sulfate. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily. (1545 aa) |
| | ABCB11 | Bile salt export pump; Catalyzes the secretion of conjugated bile salts across the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes in an ATP-dependent manner. Transports taurine-conjugated bile salts more rapidly than glycine-conjugated bile salts. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Multidrug resistance exporter (TC 3.A.1.201) subfamily. (1321 aa) |
| | ABCG2 | Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2; Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells. Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme. Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells. Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extra [...] (655 aa) |
| | SLC29A1 | Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1; Mediates both influx and efflux of nucleosides across the membrane (equilibrative transporter). It is sensitive (ES) to low concentrations of the inhibitor nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR) and is sodium-independent. It has a higher affinity for adenosine. Inhibited by dipyridamole and dilazep (anticancer chemotherapeutics drugs). (456 aa) |
| | SCN11A | Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha; This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel isoform. Also involved, with the contribution of the receptor tyrosine kinase NTRK2, in rapid BDNF-evoked neuronal depolarization. (1791 aa) |
| | MFSD4B | Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1; May function as a sodium-dependent glucose transporter. Potential channels for urea in the inner medulla of kidney. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (518 aa) |
