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| | FMN2 | Formin-2; Actin-binding protein that is involved in actin cytoskeleton assembly and reorganization. Acts as an actin nucleation factor and promotes assembly of actin filaments together with SPIRE1 and SPIRE2. Involved in intracellular vesicle transport along actin fibers, providing a novel link between actin cytoskeleton dynamics and intracellular transport (By similarity). Required for asymmetric spindle positioning, asymmetric oocyte division and polar body extrusion during female germ cell meiosis (By similarity). Plays a role in responses to DNA damage, cellular stress and hypoxia [...] (1722 aa) |
| | TPM3 | Tropomyosin alpha-3 chain; Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments; Belongs to the tropomyosin family. (285 aa) |
| | MYO1C | Unconventional myosin-Ic; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails are presumed to bind to membranous compartments, which would be moved relative to actin filaments. Involved in glucose transporter recycling in response to insulin by regulating movement of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles to the plasma membrane. Component of the hair cell's (the sensory cells of the inner ear) adaptation-motor complex. Acts as a mediator of adaptation of mechanoelectrical transduction in st [...] (1063 aa) |
| | ESPN | Espin; Multifunctional actin-bundling protein. Plays a major role in regulating the organization, dimension, dynamics and signaling capacities of the actin filament-rich microvilli in the mechanosensory and chemosensory cells. Required for the assembly and stabilization of the stereociliary parallel actin bundles. Plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of inner ear hair cell stereocilia. Involved in the elongation of actin in stereocilia. In extrastriolar hair cells, required for targeting MYO3B to stereocilia tips, and for regulation of stereocilia diameter and staircas [...] (854 aa) |
| | TPM2 | Tropomyosin beta chain; Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments. The non-muscle isoform may have a role in agonist-mediated receptor internalization. (284 aa) |
| | MYO3A | Myosin-IIIa; Probable actin-based motor with a protein kinase activity. Probably plays a role in vision and hearing. Required for normal cochlear hair bundle development and hearing. Plays an important role in the early steps of cochlear hair bundle morphogenesis. Influences the number and lengths of stereocilia to be produced and limits the growth of microvilli within the forming auditory hair bundles thereby contributing to the architecture of the hair bundle, including its staircase pattern. Involved in the elongation of actin in stereocilia tips by transporting the actin regulatory [...] (1616 aa) |
| | ACTB | Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed; Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of cells. Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and contraction. In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA. (375 aa) |
| | GJB6 | Gap junction beta-6 protein; One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell; Belongs to the connexin family. Beta-type (group I) subfamily. (261 aa) |
| | TPM4 | Tropomyosin alpha-4 chain; Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments (By similarity). Binds calcium. (284 aa) |
| | SMTN | Smoothelin; Structural protein of the cytoskeleton. (1002 aa) |
| | VPS11 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes which are proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late [...] (941 aa) |
| | PDLIM5 | PDZ and LIM domain 5. (625 aa) |
| | FMN1 | Formin-1; Plays a role in the formation of adherens junction and the polymerization of linear actin cables; Belongs to the formin homology family. Cappuccino subfamily. (1419 aa) |
| | MYO9B | Unconventional myosin-IXb; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Binds actin with high affinity both in the absence and presence of ATP and its mechanochemical activity is inhibited by calcium ions. Also acts as a GTPase activator for RHOA. Plays a role in the regulation of cell migration via its role as RHOA GTPase activator. This is regulated by its interaction with the SLIT2 receptor ROBO1; interaction with ROBO1 impairs interaction with RHOA and subsequent activation of RHOA GTPase activity, and thereb [...] (2022 aa) |
| | SPTBN4 | Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4. (2564 aa) |
| | YES1 | Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes; Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell growth and survival, apoptosis, cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, and differentiation. Stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including EGRF, PDGFR, CSF1R and FGFR leads to recruitment of YES1 to the phosphorylated receptor, and activation and phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Upon EGFR activation, promotes the phosphorylation of PARD3 to favor epithelial tight junction assembly. Participates in the phosphorylation of specific junctional components su [...] (543 aa) |
| | ACTG1 | Actin, cytoplasmic 2, N-terminally processed; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (375 aa) |
| | PSTPIP1 | Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1; Involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. May regulate WAS actin-bundling activity. Bridges the interaction between ABL1 and PTPN18 leading to ABL1 dephosphorylation. May play a role as a scaffold protein between PTPN12 and WAS and allow PTPN12 to dephosphorylate WAS. Has the potential to physically couple CD2 and CD2AP to WAS. Acts downstream of CD2 and CD2AP to recruit WAS to the T- cell:APC contact site so as to promote the actin polymerization required for synapse induction during T-cell activation (By similarity). [...] (416 aa) |
| | TWF1 | Twinfilin-1; Actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. Inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G- actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. Seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles (By similarity). (357 aa) |
| | GAS2L3 | GAS2-like protein 3; Cytoskeletal linker protein. May promote and stabilize the formation of the actin and microtubule network. Belongs to the GAS2 family. (694 aa) |
| | APC2 | Adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2; Stabilizes microtubules and may regulate actin fiber dynamics through the activation of Rho family GTPases. May also function in Wnt signaling by promoting the rapid degradation of CTNNB1. Belongs to the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) family. (2303 aa) |
| | SH2B2 | SH2B adapter protein 2; Adapter protein for several members of the tyrosine kinase receptor family. Involved in multiple signaling pathways. May be involved in coupling from immunoreceptor to Ras signaling. Acts as a negative regulator of cytokine signaling in collaboration with CBL. Binds to EPOR and suppresses EPO-induced STAT5 activation, possibly through a masking effect on STAT5 docking sites in EPOR. Suppresses PDGF-induced mitogenesis. May induce cytoskeletal reorganization via interaction with VAV3. (675 aa) |
| | SMTNL1 | Smoothelin-like protein 1; Plays a role in the regulation of contractile properties of both striated and smooth muscles. When unphosphorylated, may inhibit myosin dephosphorylation. Phosphorylation at Ser-299 reduces this inhibitory activity (By similarity). (494 aa) |
| | DMTN | Dematin; Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein with F-actin-binding activity that induces F-actin bundles formation and stabilization. Its F-actin-bundling activity is reversibly regulated upon its phosphorylation by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Binds to the erythrocyte membrane glucose transporter-1 SLC2A1/GLUT1, and hence stabilizes and attaches the spectrin-actin network to the erythrocytic plasma membrane. Plays a role in maintaining the functional integrity of PKA-activated erythrocyte shape and the membrane mechanical properties. Plays also a role as a modulator [...] (405 aa) |
| | FHDC1 | FH2 domain-containing protein 1; Microtubule-associated formin which regulates both actin and microtubule dynamics. Induces microtubule acetylation and stabilization and actin stress fiber formation. Regulates Golgi ribbon formation. Required for normal cilia assembly. Early in cilia assembly, may assist in the maturation and positioning of the centrosome/basal body, and once cilia assembly has initiated, may also promote cilia elongation by inhibiting disassembly. (1143 aa) |
| | PALLD | Palladin; Cytoskeletal protein required for organization of normal actin cytoskeleton. Roles in establishing cell morphology, motility, cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in a variety of cell types. May function as a scaffolding molecule with the potential to influence both actin polymerization and the assembly of existing actin filaments into higher-order arrays. Binds to proteins that bind to either monomeric or filamentous actin. Localizes at sites where active actin remodeling takes place, such as lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Different isoforms may have [...] (1123 aa) |
| | ACTN3 | Alpha-actinin-3; F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein. (944 aa) |
| | H0Y858_HUMAN | Uncharacterized protein. (1186 aa) |
| | ACKR2 | Atypical chemokine receptor 2; Atypical chemokine receptor that controls chemokine levels and localization via high-affinity chemokine binding that is uncoupled from classic ligand-driven signal transduction cascades, resulting instead in chemokine sequestration, degradation, or transcytosis. Also known as interceptor (internalizing receptor) or chemokine-scavenging receptor or chemokine decoy receptor. Acts as a receptor for chemokines including CCL2, CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL17, CCL22, CCL23, CCL24, SCYA2/MCP-1, SCY3/MIP-1-alpha, SCYA5/RANTES and SCYA7/M [...] (384 aa) |
| | ACTBL2 | Beta-actin-like protein 2; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (376 aa) |
| | GDPD2 | Glycerophosphoinositol inositolphosphodiesterase GDPD2; Has glycerophosphoinositol inositolphosphodiesterase activity and specifically hydrolyzes glycerophosphoinositol, with no activity for other substrates such as glycerophosphoinositol 4-phosphate, glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoethanolamine, and glycerophosphoserine. Accelerates the program of osteoblast differentiation and growth. May play a role in remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). (590 aa) |
| | LMOD2 | Leiomodin-2; Mediates nucleation of actin filaments and thereby promotes actin polymerization. Plays a role in the regulation of actin filament length (By similarity). Required for normal sarcomere organization in the heart, and for normal heart function. (547 aa) |
| | GAS7 | Growth arrest-specific protein 7; May play a role in promoting maturation and morphological differentiation of cerebellar neurons. (476 aa) |
| | PRICKLE4 | Prickle planar cell polarity protein 4; Belongs to the prickle / espinas / testin family. (384 aa) |
| | LDB3 | LIM domain-binding protein 3; May function as an adapter in striated muscle to couple protein kinase C-mediated signaling via its LIM domains to the cytoskeleton. (732 aa) |
| | GAS2 | Growth arrest-specific protein 2; May play a role in apoptosis by acting as a cell death substrate for caspases. Is cleaved during apoptosis and the cleaved form induces dramatic rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton and potent changes in the shape of the affected cells. May be involved in the membrane ruffling process (By similarity). (313 aa) |
| | DUSP22 | Dual specificity protein phosphatase 22; Activates the Jnk signaling pathway. Dephosphorylates and deactivates p38 and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) (By similarity). (205 aa) |
| | MYO1A | Unconventional myosin-Ia; Involved in directing the movement of organelles along actin filaments; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family. (1043 aa) |
| | PSTPIP2 | Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 2; Binds to F-actin. May be involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). (334 aa) |
| | MYO18B | Unconventional myosin-XVIIIb; May be involved in intracellular trafficking of the muscle cell when in the cytoplasm, whereas entering the nucleus, may be involved in the regulation of muscle specific genes. May play a role in the control of tumor development and progression; restored MYO18B expression in lung cancer cells suppresses anchorage-independent growth; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family. (2568 aa) |
| | MARK2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase. Involved in cell polarity and microtubule dynamics regulation. Phosphorylates CRTC2/TORC2, DCX, HDAC7, KIF13B, MAP2, MAP4 and RAB11FIP2. Phosphorylates the microtubule-associated protein MAPT/TAU. Plays a key role in cell polarity by phosphorylating the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2, MAP4 and MAPT/TAU at KXGS motifs, causing detachment from microtubules, and their disassembly. Regulates epithelial cell polarity by phosphorylating RAB11FIP2. Involved in the regulation of neuronal migration through its dual ac [...] (788 aa) |
| | DIAPH3 | Protein diaphanous homolog 3; Actin nucleation and elongation factor required for the assembly of F-actin structures, such as actin cables and stress fibers. Required for cytokinesis, stress fiber formation and transcriptional activation of the serum response factor. Binds to GTP-bound form of Rho and to profilin: acts in a Rho-dependent manner to recruit profilin to the membrane, where it promotes actin polymerization. DFR proteins couple Rho and Src tyrosine kinase during signaling and the regulation of actin dynamics. Also acts as an actin nucleation and elongation factor in the nuc [...] (1193 aa) |
| | LCP1 | Plastin-2; Actin-binding protein. Plays a role in the activation of T-cells in response to costimulation through TCR/CD3 and CD2 or CD28. Modulates the cell surface expression of IL2RA/CD25 and CD69. (627 aa) |
| | COBL | Protein cordon-bleu; Plays an important role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Regulates neuron morphogenesis and increases branching of axons and dendrites. Regulates dendrite branching in Purkinje cells (By similarity). Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin). Nucleates actin polymerization by assembling three actin monomers in cross-filament orientation and thereby promotes growth of actin filaments at the barbed end. Can also mediate actin depolymerization at barbed ends and severing of actin filaments. Promotes formation of cell ruffles. (1271 aa) |
| | KEAP1 | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that regulates the response to oxidative stress by targeting NFE2L2/NRF2 for ubiquitination. KEAP1 acts as a key sensor of oxidative and electrophilic stress: in normal conditions, the BCR(KEAP1) complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of NFE2L2/NRF2, a transcription factor regulating expression of many cytoprotective genes. In response to oxidative stress, different electrophile metabolites trigger non-enzymatic covalent modifications of highly reactive cysteine [...] (624 aa) |
| | WIPF1 | WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1; Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Contributes with NCK1 and GRB2 in the recruitment and activation of WASL. May participate in regulating the subcellular localization of WASL, resulting in the disassembly of stress fibers in favor of filopodia formation. Plays a role in the formation of cell ruffles (By similarity). Plays an important role in the intracellular motility of vaccinia virus by functioning as an adapter for recruiting WASL to vaccinia virus. (503 aa) |
| | MYO1B | Unconventional myosin-Ib; Motor protein that may participate in process critical to neuronal development and function such as cell migration, neurite outgrowth and vesicular transport; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family. (1136 aa) |
| | TFPT | TCF3 fusion partner; Appears to promote apoptosis in a p53/TP53-independent manner. (253 aa) |
| | SMTNL2 | Smoothelin-like protein 2; Smoothelin like 2. (461 aa) |
| | DIAPH1 | Protein diaphanous homolog 1; Actin nucleation and elongation factor required for the assembly of F-actin structures, such as actin cables and stress fibers (By similarity). Binds to the barbed end of the actin filament and slows down actin polymerization and depolymerization (By similarity). Required for cytokinesis, and transcriptional activation of the serum response factor (By similarity). DFR proteins couple Rho and Src tyrosine kinase during signaling and the regulation of actin dynamics (By similarity). Functions as a scaffold protein for MAPRE1 and APC to stabilize microtubules [...] (1272 aa) |
| | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein; Effector protein for Rho-type GTPases that regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex. Important for efficient actin polymerization. Possible regulator of lymphocyte and platelet function. Mediates actin filament reorganization and the formation of actin pedestals upon infection by pathogenic bacteria. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. Promotes homologous recombination (HR) r [...] (502 aa) |
| | AIF1 | Allograft inflammatory factor 1; Actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. Enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. Binds calcium. Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. May play a role in macrophage activation and function. Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. Enhances lymphocyte migration. Plays a role in vascular inflammation. (147 aa) |
| | SHROOM4 | Protein Shroom4; Probable regulator of cytoskeletal architecture that plays an important role in development. May regulate cellular and cytoskeletal architecture by modulating the spatial distribution of myosin II (By similarity); Belongs to the shroom family. (1493 aa) |
| | SRC | Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src; Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase which is activated following engagement of many different classes of cellular receptors including immune response receptors, integrins and other adhesion receptors, receptor protein tyrosine kinases, G protein-coupled receptors as well as cytokine receptors. Participates in signaling pathways that control a diverse spectrum of biological activities including gene transcription, immune response, cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and transformation. Due to functional redundancy bet [...] (536 aa) |
| | POF1B | Protein POF1B; Plays a key role in the organization of epithelial monolayers by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. May be involved in ovary development. (595 aa) |
| | AMOT | Angiomotin; Plays a central role in tight junction maintenance via the complex formed with ARHGAP17, which acts by regulating the uptake of polarity proteins at tight junctions. Appears to regulate endothelial cell migration and tube formation. May also play a role in the assembly of endothelial cell-cell junctions; Belongs to the angiomotin family. (1084 aa) |
| | PDLIM1 | PDZ and LIM domain protein 1; Cytoskeletal protein that may act as an adapter that brings other proteins (like kinases) to the cytoskeleton. Involved in assembly, disassembly and directioning of stress fibers in fibroblasts. Required for the localization of ACTN1 and PALLD to stress fibers. Required for cell migration and in maintaining cell polarity of fibroblasts (By similarity). (329 aa) |
| | MYO6 | Unconventional myosin-VI; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity (By similarity). Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements (By similarity). Myosin 6 is a reverse-direction motor protein that moves towards the minus-end of actin filaments. Has slow rate of actin-activated ADP release due to weak ATP binding (By similarity). Functions in a variety of intracellular processes such as vesicular membrane trafficking and cell migration (By similarity). Required for the structural integrity of the Golgi apparatus via the p53-dependent pro-survival pathway. [...] (1285 aa) |
| | RCSD1 | CapZ-interacting protein; Stress-induced phosphorylation of CAPZIP may regulate the ability of F-actin-capping protein to remodel actin filament assembly. (416 aa) |
| | LMOD1 | Leiomodin-1; Mediates nucleation of actin filaments. Belongs to the tropomodulin family. (600 aa) |
| | ACTA1 | Actin, alpha skeletal muscle, intermediate form; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells; Belongs to the actin family. (377 aa) |
| | ACTN2 | Alpha-actinin-2; F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein. (894 aa) |
| | WHRN | Whirlin; Involved in hearing and vision as member of the USH2 complex. Necessary for elongation and maintenance of inner and outer hair cell stereocilia in the organ of Corti in the inner ear. Involved in the maintenance of the hair bundle ankle region, which connects stereocilia in cochlear hair cells of the inner ear. In retina photoreceptors, required for the maintenance of periciliary membrane complex that seems to play a role in regulating intracellular protein transport. (907 aa) |
| | NCKAP1 | Nck-associated protein 1; Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex. Actin remodeling activity is regulated by RAC1. As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes. (1134 aa) |
| | CD2AP | CD2-associated protein; Seems to act as an adapter protein between membrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. In collaboration with CBLC, modulates the rate of RET turnover and may act as regulatory checkpoint that limits the potency of GDNF on neuronal survival. Controls CBLC function, converting it from an inhibitor to a promoter of RET degradation (By similarity). May play a role in receptor clustering and cytoskeletal polarity in the junction between T-cell and antigen-presenting cell (By similarity). May anchor the podocyte slit diaphragm to the actin cytoskeleton in renal glom [...] (639 aa) |
| | TPM1 | Tropomyosin alpha-1 chain; Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments. (284 aa) |
| | MYO9A | Unconventional myosin-IXa; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Regulates Rho by stimulating it's GTPase activity in neurons. Required for the regulation of neurite branching and motor neuron axon guidance (By similarity). (2548 aa) |
| | PLS3 | Plastin-3; Actin-bundling protein found in intestinal microvilli, hair cell stereocilia, and fibroblast filopodia. May play a role in the regulation of bone development. (630 aa) |
| | PDLIM7 | PDZ and LIM domain protein 7; May function as a scaffold on which the coordinated assembly of proteins can occur. May play a role as an adapter that, via its PDZ domain, localizes LIM-binding proteins to actin filaments of both skeletal muscle and nonmuscle tissues. Involved in both of the two fundamental mechanisms of bone formation, direct bone formation (e.g. embryonic flat bones mandible and cranium), and endochondral bone formation (e.g. embryonic long bone development). Plays a role during fracture repair. Involved in BMP6 signaling pathway (By similarity). (457 aa) |
| | FYN | Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many biological processes including regulation of cell growth and survival, cell adhesion, integrin-mediated signaling, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, immune response and axon guidance. Inactive FYN is phosphorylated on its C-terminal tail within the catalytic domain. Following activation by PKA, the protein subsequently associates with PTK2/FAK1, allowing PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation, activation and targeting to focal adhesions. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through [...] (537 aa) |
| | DPYSL3 | Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 3; Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance, neuronal growth cone collapse and cell migration (By similarity). (684 aa) |
| | CORO1B | Coronin-1B; Regulates leading edge dynamics and cell motility in fibroblasts. May be involved in cytokinesis and signal transduction (By similarity). (489 aa) |
| | ARHGAP6 | Rho GTPase-activating protein 6; GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state. Could regulate the interactions of signaling molecules with the actin cytoskeleton. Promotes continuous elongation of cytoplasmic processes during cell motility and simultaneous retraction of the cell body changing the cell morphology. (974 aa) |
| | EZR | Ezrin; Probably involved in connections of major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. In epithelial cells, required for the formation of microvilli and membrane ruffles on the apical pole. Along with PLEKHG6, required for normal macropinocytosis. (586 aa) |
| | PLS1 | Plastin-1; Actin-bundling protein in the absence of calcium. (629 aa) |
| | CARMIL1 | F-actin-uncapping protein LRRC16A; Cell membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that plays a role in the regulation of actin polymerization at the barbed end of actin filaments. Prevents F-actin heterodimeric capping protein (CP) activity at the leading edges of migrating cells, and hence generates uncapped barbed ends and enhances actin polymerization, however, seems unable to nucleate filaments. Plays a role in lamellipodial protrusion formations and cell migration ; Belongs to the CARMIL family. (1371 aa) |
| | SPECC1L | Cytospin-A; Involved in cytokinesis and spindle organization. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton organization and microtubule stabilization and hence required for proper cell adhesion and migration. (1117 aa) |
| | DIAPH2 | Protein diaphanous homolog 2; Could be involved in oogenesis. Involved in the regulation of endosome dynamics. Implicated in a novel signal transduction pathway, in which isoform 3 and CSK are sequentially activated by RHOD to regulate the motility of early endosomes through interactions with the actin cytoskeleton; Belongs to the formin homology family. Diaphanous subfamily. (1101 aa) |
| | WIPF2 | WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2; Plays an active role in the formation of cell surface protrusions downstream of activated PDGFB receptors. Plays an important role in actin-microspike formation through cooperation with WASL. May cooperate with WASP and WASL to induce mobilization and reorganization of the actin filament system. (440 aa) |
| | EHBP1L1 | EH domain-binding protein 1-like protein 1; May act as Rab effector protein and play a role in vesicle trafficking. (1523 aa) |
| | PDLIM2 | PDZ and LIM domain protein 2; Probable adapter protein located at the actin cytoskeleton that promotes cell attachment. Necessary for the migratory capacity of epithelial cells. Overexpression enhances cell adhesion to collagen and fibronectin and suppresses anchorage independent growth. May contribute to tumor cell migratory capacity. (602 aa) |
| | RAC3 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as cell spreading and the formation of actin-based protusions including lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Promotes cell adhesion and spreading on fibrinogen in a CIB1 and alpha-IIb/beta3 integrin-mediated manner. (192 aa) |
| | TWF2 | Twinfilin-2; Actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. Inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G- actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. Seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles. May play a role in regulating the mature length of the middle and short rows of stereocilia (By similarity); Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Twinfilin subfamily. (349 aa) |
| | JAM3 | Junctional adhesion molecule C; Junctional adhesion protein that mediates heterotypic cell- cell interactions with its cognate receptor JAM2 to regulate different cellular processes. Plays a role in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the bone marrow. At the surface of bone marrow stromal cells, it contributes to the retention of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells expressing JAM3. Plays a central role in leukocytes extravasation by facilitating transmigration through the endothelium (By similarity). Plays a role in spermatogenesis where JA [...] (310 aa) |
| | ACTC1 | Actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1, intermediate form; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (377 aa) |
| | PDLIM3 | PDZ and LIM domain protein 3; May play a role in the organization of actin filament arrays within muscle cells. (364 aa) |
| | PAK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby media [...] (553 aa) |
| | IQGAP1 | Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1; Plays a crucial role in regulating the dynamics and assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to activated CDC42 but does not stimulate its GTPase activity. It associates with calmodulin. Could serve as an assembly scaffold for the organization of a multimolecular complex that would interface incoming signals to the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton at the plasma membrane. May promote neurite outgrowth. May play a possible role in cell cycle regulation by contributing to cell cycle progression after DNA replication arrest. (1657 aa) |
| | EHBP1 | EH domain-binding protein 1; May play a role in actin reorganization. Links clathrin- mediated endocytosis to the actin cytoskeleton. May act as Rab effector protein and play a role in vesicle trafficking. Required for perinuclear sorting and insulin- regulated recycling of SLC2A4/GLUT4 in adipocytes (By similarity). (1231 aa) |
| | SPECC1 | Cytospin-B; Sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1. (1068 aa) |
| | TMOD1 | Tropomodulin-1; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton. May play an important role in regulating the organization of actin filaments by preferentially binding to a specific tropomyosin isoform at its N-terminus. (359 aa) |
| | AVIL | Advillin; Ca(2+)-regulated actin-binding protein. May have a unique function in the morphogenesis of neuronal cells which form ganglia. Required for SREC1-mediated regulation of neurite-like outgrowth. Plays a role in regenerative sensory axon outgrowth and remodeling processes after peripheral injury in neonates. Involved in the formation of long fine actin-containing filopodia-like structures in fibroblast. Plays a role in ciliogenesis. (819 aa) |
| | PDLIM4 | PDZ and LIM domain protein 4; [Isoform 1]: Suppresses SRC activation by recognizing and binding to active SRC and facilitating PTPN13-mediated dephosphorylation of SRC 'Tyr-419' leading to its inactivation. Inactivated SRC dissociates from this protein allowing the initiation of a new SRC inactivation cycle. Involved in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. In nonmuscle cells, binds to ACTN1 (alpha-actinin-1), increases the affinity of ACTN1 to F-actin (filamentous actin), and promotes formation of actin stress fibers. Involved in regulation of the synaptic AMPA receptor transport [...] (330 aa) |
| | WIPF3 | WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 3; May be a regulator of cytoskeletal organization. May have a role in spermatogenesis (By similarity); Belongs to the verprolin family. (483 aa) |
| | RHOQ | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoQ; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. May play a role in CFTR trafficking to the plasma membrane. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. (205 aa) |
| | WASL | Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein; Regulates actin polymerization by stimulating the actin- nucleating activity of the Arp2/3 complex. Involved in various processes, such as mitosis and cytokinesis, via its role in the regulation of actin polymerization. Together with CDC42, involved in the extension and maintenance of the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. In addition to its role in the cytoplasm, also plays a role in the nucleus by regulating gene transcription, probably by promoting nuclear actin polymerization. Binds to HSF1/HSTF1 and forms a [...] (505 aa) |
| | VPS18 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes which are proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late [...] (973 aa) |
| | CORO1A | Coronin-1A; May be a crucial component of the cytoskeleton of highly motile cells, functioning both in the invagination of large pieces of plasma membrane, as well as in forming protrusions of the plasma membrane involved in cell locomotion. In mycobacteria-infected cells, its retention on the phagosomal membrane prevents fusion between phagosomes and lysosomes; Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family. (461 aa) |
| | MISP | Mitotic interactor and substrate of PLK1; Plays a role in mitotic spindle orientation and mitotic progression. Regulates the distribution of dynactin at the cell cortex in a PLK1-dependent manner, thus stabilizing cortical and astral microtubule attachments required for proper mitotic spindle positioning. May link microtubules to the actin cytospkeleton and focal adhesions. May be required for directed cell migration and centrosome orientation. May also be necessary for proper stacking of the Golgi apparatus; Belongs to the MISP family. (679 aa) |
