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CYSLTR2 CYSLTR2 MCHR2 MCHR2 NPFFR1 NPFFR1 GLRA3 GLRA3 NXPH2 NXPH2 PTH2 PTH2 SSTR1 SSTR1 NPFF NPFF GAL GAL RAPGEF2 RAPGEF2 GLRB GLRB NMU NMU TYRO3 TYRO3 SORCS1 SORCS1 SORL1 SORL1 NMBR NMBR GRP GRP SORT1 SORT1 NTS NTS NMUR2 NMUR2 SORCS2 SORCS2 GPR143 GPR143 GLRA1 GLRA1 TENM1 TENM1 PENK PENK OPRM1 OPRM1 CPE CPE HCRTR1 HCRTR1 NPY NPY RELA RELA POMC POMC NPS NPS LTB4R LTB4R SSTR4 SSTR4 CRCP CRCP NMB NMB QRFPR QRFPR GPR149 GPR149 NPSR1 NPSR1 GRPR GRPR NMS NMS NPPA NPPA NPPB NPPB NPY4R NPY4R TACR2 TACR2 CYSLTR1 CYSLTR1 BRS3 BRS3 NTSR1 NTSR1 NPBWR2 NPBWR2 SORCS3 SORCS3 RXFP4 RXFP4 NPY1R NPY1R PYY PYY SSTR2 SSTR2 GALP GALP PROKR2 PROKR2 GLRA2 GLRA2 PCSK1N PCSK1N NPVF NPVF KISS1R KISS1R OPRD1 OPRD1 ECRG4 ECRG4 PRLHR PRLHR GPR83 GPR83 MCHR1 MCHR1 GALR3 GALR3 MC2R MC2R NXPH4 NXPH4 PTGDR2 PTGDR2 NPB NPB NPY2R NPY2R PMCH PMCH CALCA CALCA NPBWR1 NPBWR1 GALR2 GALR2 NXPH3 NXPH3 RXFP3 RXFP3 UTS2R UTS2R TAC1 TAC1 GPR171 GPR171 NPFFR2 NPFFR2 GPR37 GPR37 NMUR1 NMUR1 PROKR1 PROKR1 NTSR2 NTSR2 NPY4R2 NPY4R2 QRFP QRFP TAC3 TAC3 SSTR3 SSTR3 TACR1 TACR1 GPR1 GPR1 HCRTR2 HCRTR2 PPY PPY ADCYAP1 ADCYAP1 GPR139 GPR139 NPW NPW GPR84 GPR84 LTB4R2 LTB4R2 PDYN PDYN NPY5R NPY5R TACR3 TACR3 ECEL1 ECEL1 PNOC PNOC SCG5 SCG5 GALR1 GALR1 CARTPT CARTPT UCN UCN PROK2 PROK2 SSTR5 SSTR5 HCRT HCRT AGRP AGRP
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CYSLTR2Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2; Receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes. The response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Stimulation by BAY u9773, a partial agonist, induces specific contractions of pulmonary veins and might also have an indirect role in the relaxation of the pulmonary vascular endothelium. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTC4 = LTD4 >> LTE4. (346 aa)
MCHR2Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 2; Receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone, coupled to G proteins that activate phosphoinositide hydrolysis. (340 aa)
NPFFR1Neuropeptide FF receptor 1; Receptor for NPAF (A-18-F-amide) and NPFF (F-8-F-amide) neuropeptides, also known as morphine-modulating peptides. Can also be activated by a variety of naturally occurring or synthetic FMRF-amide like ligands. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. (430 aa)
GLRA3Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3; Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine. Channel characteristics depend on the subunit composition; heteropentameric channels display faster channel closure (By similarity). Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability (By similarity). Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (By similarity). Contributes to increased pain perception in response to increased prostaglandin E2 levels (By similarity). Plays a role in cellular responses to [...] (464 aa)
NXPH2Neurexophilin-2; May be signaling molecules that resemble neuropeptides and that act by binding to alpha-neurexins and possibly other receptors. Belongs to the neurexophilin family. (264 aa)
PTH2Tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues; Plays a role as a potent and selective agonist of PTH2R resulting in adenyl cyclase activation and intracellular calcium levels elevation. Induces protein kinase C beta activation, recruitment of beta-arrestin and PTH2R internalization. May inhibit cell proliferation via its action on PTH2R activation. Neuropeptide which may also have a role in spermatogenesis. May activate nociceptors and nociceptive circuits; Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family. (100 aa)
SSTR1Somatostatin receptor type 1; Receptor for somatostatin with higher affinity for somatostatin-14 than -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and Na(+)/H(+) exchanger via pertussis toxin insensitive G proteins. (391 aa)
NPFFPro-FMRFamide-related neuropeptide FF; Morphine modulating peptides. Have wide-ranging physiologic effects, including the modulation of morphine-induced analgesia, elevation of arterial blood pressure, and increased somatostatin secretion from the pancreas. Neuropeptide FF potentiates and sensitizes ASIC1 and ASIC3 channels. (113 aa)
GALGalanin message-associated peptide; Endocrine hormone of the central and peripheral nervous systems that binds and activates the G protein-coupled receptors GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3. This small neuropeptide may regulate diverse physiologic functions including contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, growth hormone and insulin release and adrenal secretion; Belongs to the galanin family. (123 aa)
RAPGEF2Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2; Functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates Rap and Ras family of small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP in a cAMP-dependent manner. Serves as a link between cell surface receptors and Rap/Ras GTPases in intracellular signaling cascades. Acts also as an effector for Rap1 by direct association with Rap1-GTP thereby leading to the amplification of Rap1-mediated signaling. Shows weak activity on HRAS. It is controversial whether RAPGEF2 binds cAMP and cGMP or not. Its binding to ligand-activated beta-1 adr [...] (1499 aa)
GLRBGlycine receptor subunit beta; Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. GLRB does not form ligand-gated ion channels by itself, but is part of heteromeric ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine. Heteropentameric channels composed of GLRB and GLRA1 are activated by lower glycine levels than homopentameric GLRA1. Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability. Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents. (497 aa)
NMUNeuromedin precursor-related peptide 33; [Neuromedin-U-25]: Ligand for receptors NMUR1 and NMUR2 (By similarity). Stimulates muscle contractions of specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract. In humans, NmU stimulates contractions of the ileum and urinary bladder. [Neuromedin precursor-related peptide 36]: Does not function as a ligand for either NMUR1 or NMUR2. Indirectly induces prolactin release from lactotroph cells in the pituitary gland, probably via the hypothalamic dopaminergic system. (174 aa)
TYRO3Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TYRO3; Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of TYRO3 on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with PIK3R1 and thereby enhances PI3-kinase activity. Activates the AKT survival [...] (890 aa)
SORCS1Sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 1; Belongs to the VPS10-related sortilin family. SORCS subfamily. (1168 aa)
SORL1Sortilin-related receptor; Sorting receptor that directs several proteins to their correct location within the cell (Probable). Along with AP-1 complex, involved Golgi apparatus - endosome sorting. Sorting receptor for APP, regulating its intracellular trafficking and processing into amyloidogenic-beta peptides. Retains APP in the trans- Golgi network, hence preventing its transit through late endosomes where amyloid beta peptides Abeta40 and Abeta42 are generated. May also sort newly produced amyloid-beta peptides to lysosomes for catabolism. Does not affect APP trafficking from the e [...] (2214 aa)
NMBRNeuromedin-B receptor; Receptor for neuromedin-B. (390 aa)
GRPGastrin-releasing peptide; Stimulates the release of gastrin and other gastrointestinal hormones (By similarity). Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and to the transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior. Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation. Contributes to long-term fear memory, but not normal spatial memory. Contributes to the regulation of food intake (By similarity). (148 aa)
SORT1Sortilin; Functions as a sorting receptor in the Golgi compartment and as a clearance receptor on the cell surface. Required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosomes by a pathway that is independent of the mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR). Also required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endosomes. Promotes neuronal apoptosis by mediating endocytosis of the proapoptotic precursor forms of BDNF (proBDNF) and NGFB (proNGFB). Also acts as a receptor for neurotensin. May promote mineralization of the extracellular matrix during osteogenic differ [...] (831 aa)
NTSNeurotensin/neuromedin N; Neurotensin may play an endocrine or paracrine role in the regulation of fat metabolism. It causes contraction of smooth muscle; Belongs to the neurotensin family. (170 aa)
NMUR2Neuromedin-U receptor 2; Receptor for the neuromedin-U and neuromedin-S neuropeptides. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (415 aa)
SORCS2VPS10 domain-containing receptor SorCS2; The heterodimer formed by NGFR and SORCS2 functions as receptor for the precursor forms of NGF (proNGF) and BDNF (proBDNF). ProNGF and proBDNF binding both promote axon growth cone collapse (in vitro). Plays a role in the regulation of dendritic spine density in hippocampus neurons (By similarity). Required for normal neurite branching and extension in response to BDNF. Plays a role in BDNF-dependent hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Together with NGFR and NTRK2, is required both for BDNF-mediated synaptic long-term depression and long-term poten [...] (1159 aa)
GPR143G-protein coupled receptor 143; Receptor for tyrosine, L-DOPA and dopamine. After binding to L-DOPA, stimulates Ca(2+) influx into the cytoplasm, increases secretion of the neurotrophic factor SERPINF1 and relocalizes beta arrestin at the plasma membrane; this ligand-dependent signaling occurs through a G(q)-mediated pathway in melanocytic cells. Its activity is mediated by G proteins which activate the phosphoinositide signaling pathway. Plays also a role as an intracellular G protein-coupled receptor involved in melanosome biogenesis, organization and transport. (404 aa)
GLRA1Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1; Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine. Channel opening is also triggered by taurine and beta- alanine. Channel characteristics depend on the subunit composition; heteropentameric channels are activated by lower glycine levels and display faster desensitization. Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability. Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Channel activity is potentiated by ethanol. Potentiation of channel activity by intoxi [...] (457 aa)
TENM1Teneurin C-terminal-associated peptide; Involved in neural development, regulating the establishment of proper connectivity within the nervous system. May function as a cellular signal transducer (By similarity). [Ten-1 intracellular domain]: Induces gene transcription activation. (2732 aa)
PENKMet-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu; Met- and Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. PENK(114-133) and PENK(237-258) increase glutamate release in the striatum. PENK(114-133) decreases GABA concentration in the striatum; Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family. (267 aa)
OPRM1Mu-type opioid receptor; Receptor for endogenous opioids such as beta-endorphin and endomorphin. Receptor for natural and synthetic opioids including morphine, heroin, DAMGO, fentanyl, etorphine, buprenorphin and methadone. Agonist binding to the receptor induces coupling to an inactive GDP-bound heterotrimeric G-protein complex and subsequent exchange of GDP for GTP in the G-protein alpha subunit leading to dissociation of the G-protein complex with the free GTP-bound G-protein alpha and the G-protein beta-gamma dimer activating downstream cellular effectors. The agonist- and cell typ [...] (493 aa)
CPECarboxypeptidase E; Sorting receptor that directs prohormones to the regulated secretory pathway. Acts also as a prohormone processing enzyme in neuro/endocrine cells, removing dibasic residues from the C-terminal end of peptide hormone precursors after initial endoprotease cleavage. Belongs to the peptidase M14 family. (476 aa)
HCRTR1Orexin receptor type 1; Moderately selective excitatory receptor for orexin-A and, with a lower affinity, for orexin-B neuropeptide. Triggers an increase in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels in response to orexin-A binding. (425 aa)
NPYC-flanking peptide of NPY; NPY is implicated in the control of feeding and in secretion of gonadotrophin-release hormone; Belongs to the NPY family. (97 aa)
RELATranscription factor p65; NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain- containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The heterodimeric RELA-NFKB1 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kap [...] (551 aa)
POMCCorticotropin-like intermediary peptide; [Corticotropin]: Stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol. [Melanocyte-stimulating hormone beta]: Increases the pigmentation of skin by increasing melanin production in melanocytes. [Met-enkephalin]: Endogenous opiate; Belongs to the POMC family. (267 aa)
NPSNeuropeptide S; Modulates arousal and anxiety. May play an important anorexigenic role (By similarity). Binds to its receptor NPSR1 with nanomolar affinity to increase intracellular calcium concentrations. (89 aa)
LTB4RLeukotriene B4 receptor 1; Receptor for extracellular ATP > UTP and ADP. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May be the cardiac P2Y receptor involved in the regulation of cardiac muscle contraction through modulation of L-type calcium currents. Is a receptor for leukotriene B4, a potent chemoattractant involved in inflammation and immune response; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (352 aa)
SSTR4Somatostatin receptor type 4; Receptor for somatostatin-14. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. It is functionally coupled not only to inhibition of adenylate cyclase, but also to activation of both arachidonate release and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade. Mediates antiproliferative action of somatostatin in tumor cells. (388 aa)
CRCPDNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC9; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type [...] (148 aa)
NMBNeuromedin-B-32; Stimulates smooth muscle contraction in a manner similar to that of bombesin; Belongs to the bombesin/neuromedin-B/ranatensin family. (154 aa)
QRFPRPyroglutamylated RF-amide peptide receptor; Receptor for the orexigenic neuropeptide QRFP. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that modulate adenylate cyclase activity and intracellular calcium levels. (431 aa)
GPR149Probable G-protein coupled receptor 149; Orphan receptor; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (731 aa)
NPSR1Neuropeptide S receptor; G-protein coupled receptor for neuropeptide S (NPS). Promotes mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Inhibits cell growth in response to NPS binding. Involved in pathogenesis of asthma and other IgE- mediated diseases. (390 aa)
GRPRGastrin-releasing peptide receptor; Receptor for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). Signals via association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, resulting in Akt phosphorylation. Contributes to the regulation of food intake. Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior, but does not play a role in the perception of pain. Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation. Contributes to long-term fear memory, but not normal spatial memory (By si [...] (384 aa)
NMSNeuromedin-S; Implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythms through autocrine and/or paracrine actions; Belongs to the NmU family. (153 aa)
NPPAAtrial natriuretic factor; Hormone playing a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis through regulation of natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation. Also plays a role in female pregnancy by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling in uterus. Specifically binds and stimulates the cGMP production of the NPR1 receptor. Binds the clearance receptor NPR3. (151 aa)
NPPBBrain natriuretic peptide 32; Cardiac hormone which may function as a paracrine antifibrotic factor in the heart. Also plays a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis through natriuresis, diuresis, vasorelaxation, and inhibition of renin and aldosterone secretion. Specifically binds and stimulates the cGMP production of the NPR1 receptor. Binds the clearance receptor NPR3. Belongs to the natriuretic peptide family. (134 aa)
NPY4RNeuropeptide Y receptor Y4. (375 aa)
TACR2Substance-K receptor; This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance K (neurokinin A). It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance K > neuromedin-K > substance P. (398 aa)
CYSLTR1Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1; Receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes mediating bronchoconstriction of individuals with and without asthma. Stimulation by LTD4 results in the contraction and proliferation of smooth muscle, edema, eosinophil migration and damage to the mucus layer in the lung. This response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTD4 >> LTE4 = LTC4 >> LTB4. (337 aa)
BRS3Bombesin receptor subtype-3; Role in sperm cell division, maturation, or function. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (399 aa)
NTSR1Neurotensin receptor type 1; G-protein coupled receptor for the tridecapeptide neurotensin (NTS). Signaling is effected via G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Signaling leads to the activation of downstream MAP kinases and protects cells against apoptosis. (418 aa)
NPBWR2Neuropeptides B/W receptor type 2; Interacts specifically with a number of opioid ligands. Receptor for neuropeptides B and W, which may be involved in neuroendocrine system regulation, food intake and the organization of other signals; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (333 aa)
SORCS3Sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 3; Belongs to the VPS10-related sortilin family. SORCS subfamily. (1222 aa)
RXFP4Relaxin-3 receptor 2; High affinity receptor for INSL5. Also acts as receptor for RLN3/relaxin-3, as well as bradykinin and kallidin. Binding of the ligand inhibit cAMP accumulation; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (374 aa)
NPY1RNeuropeptide Y receptor type 1; Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The rank order of affinity of this receptor for pancreatic polypeptides is NPY > [Pro-34] PYY, PYY and [Leu-31, Pro-34] NPY > NPY (2-36) > [Ile-31, Gln-34] PP and PYY (3-36) > PP > NPY free acid. (384 aa)
PYYPeptide YY(3-36); This gut peptide inhibits exocrine pancreatic secretion, has a vasoconstrictory action and inhibitis jejunal and colonic mobility. (97 aa)
SSTR2Somatostatin receptor type 2; Receptor for somatostatin-14 and -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and PLC via pertussis toxin insensitive as well as sensitive G proteins. Inhibits calcium entry by suppressing voltage-dependent calcium channels. Acts as the functionally dominant somatostatin receptor in pancreatic alpha- and beta-cells where it mediates the inhibitory effect of somatostatin-14 on hormone secretion. Inhibits cell growth through enhancement of MAPK1 [...] (369 aa)
GALPGalanin-like peptide; [Isoform 1]: Hypothalamic neuropeptide which binds to the G- protein-coupled galanin receptors (GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3). Involved in a large number of putative physiological functions in CNS homeostatic processes, including the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion. (116 aa)
PROKR2Prokineticin receptor 2; Receptor for prokineticin 2. Exclusively coupled to the G(q) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. Activation leads to mobilization of calcium, stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover and activation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase. (384 aa)
GLRA2Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2; Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine. Channel opening is also triggered by taurine and beta-alanine. Plays a role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability. Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Plays a role in cellular responses to ethanol. (452 aa)
PCSK1NBig PEN-LEN; May function in the control of the neuroendocrine secretory pathway. Proposed be a specific endogenous inhibitor of PCSK1. ProSAAS and Big PEN-LEN, both containing the C-terminal inhibitory domain, but not the further processed peptides reduce PCSK1 activity in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. It reduces the activity of the 84 kDa form but not the autocatalytically derived 66 kDa form of PCSK1. Subsequent processing of proSAAS may eliminate the inhibition. Slows down convertase-mediated processing of proopiomelanocortin and proenkephalin. May control the intracellular [...] (260 aa)
NPVFPro-FMRFamide-related neuropeptide VF; Neuropeptide RFRP-1 acts as a potent negative regulator of gonadotropin synthesis and secretion. Neuropeptides NPSF and NPVF efficiently inhibit forskolin-induced production of cAMP, but RFRP-2 shows no inhibitory activity. Neuropeptide RFRP-1 induces secretion of prolactin in rats. Neuropeptide NPVF blocks morphine-induced analgesia. Belongs to the FARP (FMRFamide related peptide) family. (196 aa)
KISS1RKiSS-1 receptor; Receptor for metastin (kisspeptin-54 or kp-54), a C- terminally amidated peptide of KiSS1. KiSS1 is a metastasis suppressor protein that suppresses metastases in malignant melanomas and in some breast carcinomas without affecting tumorigenicity. The metastasis suppressor properties may be mediated in part by cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in malignant cells. The receptor is essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/KISS1R system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis a [...] (398 aa)
OPRD1Delta-type opioid receptor; G-protein coupled receptor that functions as receptor for endogenous enkephalins and for a subset of other opioids. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling leads to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Plays a role in the perception of pain and in opiate-mediated analgesia. [...] (372 aa)
ECRG4Augurin; Probable hormone that may attenuate cell proliferation and induce senescence of oligodendrocyte and neural precursor cells in the central nervous system (By similarity). ECRG4-induced senescence is characterized by G1 arrest, RB1 dephosphorylation and accelerated CCND1 and CCND3 proteasomal degradation (By similarity). (148 aa)
PRLHRProlactin-releasing peptide receptor; Receptor for prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP). Implicated in lactation, regulation of food intake and pain-signal processing; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (370 aa)
GPR83Probable G-protein coupled receptor 83; Orphan receptor. Could be a neuropeptide Y receptor. (423 aa)
MCHR1Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1; Receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone, coupled to both G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase and G proteins that activate phosphoinositide hydrolysis; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (422 aa)
GALR3Galanin receptor type 3; Receptor for the hormone galanin. Receptor for the hormone spexin-1. (368 aa)
MC2RAdrenocorticotropic hormone receptor; Receptor for corticotropin (ACTH). This receptor is mediated by G proteins (G(s)) which activate adenylate cyclase (cAMP). Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (297 aa)
NXPH4Neurexophilin-4; May be signaling molecules that resemble neuropeptides and that act by binding to alpha-neurexins and possibly other receptors. Belongs to the neurexophilin family. (308 aa)
PTGDR2Prostaglandin D2 receptor 2; Receptor for prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Coupled to the G(i)- protein. Receptor activation may result in pertussis toxin-sensitive decreases in cAMP levels and Ca(2+) mobilization. PI3K signaling is also implicated in mediating PTGDR2 effects. PGD2 induced receptor internalization. CRTH2 internalization can be regulated by diverse kinases such as, PKC, PKA, GRK2, GPRK5/GRK5 and GRK6. Receptor activation is responsible, at least in part, in immune regulation and allergic/inflammation responses. (395 aa)
NPBNeuropeptide B-23; May be involved in the regulation of feeding, neuroendocrine system, memory, learning and in the afferent pain pathway. (125 aa)
NPY2RNeuropeptide Y receptor type 2; Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The rank order of affinity of this receptor for pancreatic polypeptides is PYY > NPY > PYY (3-36) > NPY (2-36) > [Ile-31, Gln-34] PP > [Leu-31, Pro-34] NPY > PP, [Pro-34] PYY and NPY free acid. (381 aa)
PMCHNeuropeptide-glutamic acid-isoleucine; MCH may act as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in a broad array of neuronal functions directed toward the regulation of goal-directed behavior, such as food intake, and general arousal. May also have a role in spermatocyte differentiation; Belongs to the melanin-concentrating hormone family. (165 aa)
CALCACalcitonin; Calcitonin causes a rapid but short-lived drop in the level of calcium and phosphate in blood by promoting the incorporation of those ions in the bones. (141 aa)
NPBWR1Neuropeptides B/W receptor type 1; Interacts specifically with a number of opioid ligands. Receptor for neuropeptides B and W, which may be involved in neuroendocrine system regulation, food intake and the organization of other signals. Has a higher affinity for neuropeptide B. (328 aa)
GALR2Galanin receptor type 2; Receptor for the hormone galanin and GALP. Receptor for the hormone spexin-1. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that activate the phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway (via G(q)) and that inhibit adenylyl cyclase (via G(i)). (387 aa)
NXPH3Neurexophilin-3; May be signaling molecules that resemble neuropeptides. Ligand for alpha-neurexins (By similarity); Belongs to the neurexophilin family. (252 aa)
RXFP3Relaxin-3 receptor 1; Receptor for RNL3/relaxin-3. Binding of the ligand inhibit cAMP accumulation. (469 aa)
UTS2RUrotensin-2 receptor; High affinity receptor for urotensin-2 and urotensin-2B. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. (389 aa)
TAC1C-terminal-flanking peptide; Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles. (129 aa)
GPR171Probable G-protein coupled receptor 171; Orphan receptor; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (319 aa)
NPFFR2Neuropeptide FF receptor 2; Receptor for NPAF (A-18-F-amide) and NPFF (F-8-F-amide) neuropeptides, also known as morphine-modulating peptides. Can also be activated by a variety of naturally occurring or synthetic FMRF-amide like ligands. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. (522 aa)
GPR37Prosaposin receptor GPR37; Receptor for the neuroprotective and glioprotective factor prosaposin. Ligand binding induces endocytosis, followed by an ERK phosphorylation cascade; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (613 aa)
NMUR1Neuromedin-U receptor 1; Receptor for the neuromedin-U and neuromedin-S neuropeptides. (426 aa)
PROKR1Prokineticin receptor 1; Receptor for prokineticin 1. Exclusively coupled to the G(q) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. Activation leads to mobilization of calcium, stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover and activation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase. May play a role during early pregnancy. (393 aa)
NTSR2Neurotensin receptor type 2; Receptor for the tridecapeptide neurotensin. It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. (410 aa)
NPY4R2Neuropeptide Y receptor type 4-2; Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The rank order of affinity of this receptor for pancreatic polypeptides is PP, PP (2-36) and [Ile-31, Gln-34] PP > [Pro-34] PYY > PYY and [Leu-31, Pro-34] NPY > NPY > PYY (3-36) and NPY (2-36) > PP (13-36) > PP (31-36) > NPY free acid. (375 aa)
QRFPOrexigenic neuropeptide QRFP; Stimulates feeding behavior, metabolic rate and locomotor activity and increases blood pressure. May have orexigenic activity. May promote aldosterone secretion by the adrenal gland (By similarity). Belongs to the RFamide neuropeptide family. (136 aa)
TAC3Neurokinin-B; Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles (By similarity). Is a critical central regulator of gonadal function; Belongs to the tachykinin family. (121 aa)
SSTR3Somatostatin receptor type 3; Receptor for somatostatin-14 and -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. (418 aa)
TACR1Substance-P receptor; This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance P. It is probably associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance P > substance K > neuromedin-K; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (407 aa)
GPR1G-protein coupled receptor 1; Receptor for the inflammation-associated leukocyte chemoattractant chemerin/RARRES2 suggesting a role for this receptor in the regulation of inflammation. Receptor for TAFA1, mediates its effects on neuronal stem-cell proliferation and differentiation via the activation of ROCK/ERK and ROCK/STAT3 signaling pathway (By similarity). (355 aa)
HCRTR2Orexin receptor type 2; Nonselective, high-affinity receptor for both orexin-A and orexin-B neuropeptides. Triggers an increase in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels in response to orexin-A binding. (444 aa)
PPYPancreatic icosapeptide; Pancreatic hormone is synthesized in pancreatic islets of Langerhans and acts as a regulator of pancreatic and gastrointestinal functions. (95 aa)
ADCYAP1Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27; Binding to its receptor activates G proteins and stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells. Promotes neuron projection development through the RAPGEF2/Rap1/B-Raf/ERK pathway. In chromaffin cells, induces long-lasting increase of intracellular calcium concentrations and neuroendocrine secretion (By similarity). Involved in the control of glucose homeostasis, induces insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13589, ; Belongs to the glucagon family. (176 aa)
GPR139Probable G-protein coupled receptor 139; Orphan receptor. Seems to act through a G(q/11)-mediated pathway. (353 aa)
NPWNeuropeptide W-23; Plays a regulatory role in the organization of neuroendocrine signals accessing the anterior pituitary gland. Stimulates water drinking and food intake. May play a role in the hypothalamic response to stress (By similarity). NPW23 activates GPR7 and GPR8 more efficiently than NPW30. (165 aa)
GPR84G-protein coupled receptor 84; Receptor for medium-chain free fatty acid (FFA) with carbon chain lengths of C9 to C14. Capric acid (C10:0), undecanoic acid (C11:0) and lauric acid (C12:0) are the most potent agonists. Not activated by short-chain and long-chain saturated and unsaturated FFAs. Activation by medium-chain free fatty acid is coupled to a pertussis toxin sensitive G(i/o) protein pathway. May have important roles in processes from fatty acid metabolism to regulation of the immune system. (396 aa)
LTB4R2Leukotriene B4 receptor 2; Low-affinity receptor for leukotrienes including leukotriene B4. Mediates chemotaxis of granulocytes and macrophages. The response is mediated via G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTB4 > 12-epi-LTB4 > LTB5 > LTB3. (358 aa)
PDYNAlpha-neoendorphin; Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress (By similarity). Leumorphin has a typical opiod activity and may have anti- apoptotic effect; Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family. (254 aa)
NPY5RNeuropeptide Y receptor type 5; Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. Seems to be associated with food intake. Could be involved in feeding disorders. (445 aa)
TACR3Neuromedin-K receptor; This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide neuromedin-K (neurokinin B). It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: neuromedin-K > substance K > substance P. (465 aa)
ECEL1Endothelin-converting enzyme-like 1; May contribute to the degradation of peptide hormones and be involved in the inactivation of neuronal peptides. (775 aa)
PNOCPrepronociceptin; [Nociceptin]: Ligand of the opioid receptor-like receptor OPRL1. It may act as a transmitter in the brain by modulating nociceptive and locomotor behavior. May be involved in neuronal differentiation and development. [Orphanin FQ2]: Has potent analgesic activity. Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family. (176 aa)
SCG5Neuroendocrine protein 7B2; Acts as a molecular chaperone for PCSK2/PC2, preventing its premature activation in the regulated secretory pathway. Binds to inactive PCSK2 in the endoplasmic reticulum and facilitates its transport from there to later compartments of the secretory pathway where it is proteolytically matured and activated. Also required for cleavage of PCSK2 but does not appear to be involved in its folding. Plays a role in regulating pituitary hormone secretion. The C-terminal peptide inhibits PCSK2 in vitro. (212 aa)
GALR1Galanin receptor type 1; Receptor for the hormone galanin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (349 aa)
CARTPTCocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein; Satiety factor closely associated with the actions of leptin and neuropeptide y; this anorectic peptide inhibits both normal and starvation-induced feeding and completely blocks the feeding response induced by neuropeptide Y and regulated by leptin in the hypothalamus. It promotes neuronal development and survival in vitro. (116 aa)
UCNUrocortin; Acts in vitro to stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Binds with high affinity to CRF receptor types 1, 2-alpha, and 2-beta. Plays a role in the establishment of normal hearing thresholds (By similarity). Reduces food intake and regulates ghrelin levels in gastric body and plasma (By similarity). (124 aa)
PROK2Prokineticin-2; May function as an output molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that transmits behavioral circadian rhythm. May also function locally within the SCN to synchronize output. Potently contracts gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle; Belongs to the AVIT (prokineticin) family. (129 aa)
SSTR5Somatostatin receptor type 5; Receptor for somatostatin 28 and to a lesser extent for somatostatin-14. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Increases cell growth inhibition activity of SSTR2 following heterodimerization. (364 aa)
HCRTOrexin-A; Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy metabolism, autonomic function, hormonal balance and the regulation of body fluids, is also suggested. Orexin-A binds to both OX1R and OX2R with a high affinity, whereas orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity. (131 aa)
AGRPAgouti-related protein; Plays a role in weight homeostasis. Involved in the control of feeding behavior through the central melanocortin system. Acts as alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone antagonist by inhibiting cAMP production mediated by stimulation of melanocortin receptors within the hypothalamus and adrenal gland. Has very low activity with MC5R (By similarity). Is an inverse agonist for MC3R and MC4R being able to suppress their constitutive activity. It promotes MC3R and MC4R endocytosis in an arrestin-dependent manner. (132 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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