STRINGSTRING
RDX RDX PLEKHH2 PLEKHH2 VILL VILL TMOD4 TMOD4 F2RL1 F2RL1 SCIN SCIN CFL2 CFL2 TWF2 TWF2 TMOD3 TMOD3 SWAP70 SWAP70 SPTBN5 SPTBN5 FLII FLII CAPZA3 CAPZA3 CARMIL1 CARMIL1 CARMIL2 CARMIL2 SVIL SVIL ADD3 ADD3 SPTBN1 SPTBN1 WASHC2C WASHC2C SPTBN4 SPTBN4 TWF1 TWF1 SPTBN2 SPTBN2 DMTN DMTN WDR1 WDR1 H0Y858_HUMAN H0Y858_HUMAN NCK1 NCK1 LMOD3 LMOD3 SPTAN1 SPTAN1 IQANK1 IQANK1 EPS8 EPS8 SPTA1 SPTA1 SPTB SPTB TRIOBP TRIOBP ADD2 ADD2 CRACD CRACD PIK3CA PIK3CA CAPG CAPG CAPZA1 CAPZA1 TMOD1 TMOD1 AVIL AVIL LMOD2 LMOD2 CAPZB CAPZB LIMA1 LIMA1 MTPN MTPN SEMA5A SEMA5A GSN GSN LMOD1 LMOD1 ACTN2 ACTN2 TMOD2 TMOD2 VIL1 VIL1 DSTN DSTN PLEK PLEK NCK2 NCK2 PDXP PDXP ADD1 ADD1 CAPZA2 CAPZA2 SH3BP1 SH3BP1
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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RDXRadixin; Probably plays a crucial role in the binding of the barbed end of actin filaments to the plasma membrane. (604 aa)
PLEKHH2Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family H member 2; In the kidney glomerulus may play a role in linking podocyte foot processes to the glomerular basement membrane. May be involved in stabilization of F-actin by attenuating its depolymerization. Can recruit TGFB1I1 from focal adhesions to podocyte lamellipodia. (1493 aa)
VILLVillin-like protein; Possible tumor suppressor. (856 aa)
TMOD4Tropomodulin-4; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton. (345 aa)
F2RL1Proteinase-activated receptor 2, alternate cleaved 1; Receptor for trypsin and trypsin-like enzymes coupled to G proteins. Its function is mediated through the activation of several signaling pathways including phospholipase C (PLC), intracellular calcium, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB and Rho. Can also be transactivated by cleaved F2R/PAR1. Involved in modulation of inflammatory responses and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity, and acts as a sensor for proteolytic enzymes generated during infection. Generally is promoting inflammation. Can [...] (397 aa)
SCINAdseverin; Ca(2+)-dependent actin filament-severing protein that has a regulatory function in exocytosis by affecting the organization of the microfilament network underneath the plasma membrane. Severing activity is inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis-phosphate (PIP2) (By similarity). In vitro, also has barbed end capping and nucleating activities in the presence of Ca(2+). Required for megakaryocyte differentiation, maturation, polyploidization and apoptosis with the release of platelet-like particles. Plays a role in osteoclastogenesis (OCG) and actin cytoskeletal organization [...] (715 aa)
CFL2Cofilin-2; Controls reversibly actin polymerization and depolymerization in a pH-sensitive manner. Its F-actin depolymerization activity is regulated by association with CSPR3. It has the ability to bind G- and F-actin in a 1:1 ratio of cofilin to actin. It is the major component of intranuclear and cytoplasmic actin rods. Required for muscle maintenance. May play a role during the exchange of alpha-actin forms during the early postnatal remodeling of the sarcomere (By similarity); Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. (166 aa)
TWF2Twinfilin-2; Actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. Inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G- actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. Seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles. May play a role in regulating the mature length of the middle and short rows of stereocilia (By similarity); Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Twinfilin subfamily. (349 aa)
TMOD3Tropomodulin-3; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton (By similarity); Belongs to the tropomodulin family. (352 aa)
SWAP70Switch-associated protein 70; Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which, independently of RAS, transduces signals from tyrosine kinase receptors to RAC. It also mediates signaling of membrane ruffling. Regulates the actin cytoskeleton as an effector or adapter protein in response to agonist stimulated phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate production and cell protrusion (By similarity). (585 aa)
SPTBN5Spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 5. (3674 aa)
FLIIProtein flightless-1 homolog; May play a role as coactivator in transcriptional activation by hormone-activated nuclear receptors (NR) and acts in cooperation with NCOA2 and CARM1. Involved in estrogen hormone signaling. Involved in early embryonic development (By similarity). May play a role in regulation of cytoskeletal rearrangements involved in cytokinesis and cell migration, by inhibiting Rac1-dependent paxillin phosphorylation. (1269 aa)
CAPZA3F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-3; F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments. May play a role in the morphogenesis of spermatid (By similarity). (299 aa)
CARMIL1F-actin-uncapping protein LRRC16A; Cell membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that plays a role in the regulation of actin polymerization at the barbed end of actin filaments. Prevents F-actin heterodimeric capping protein (CP) activity at the leading edges of migrating cells, and hence generates uncapped barbed ends and enhances actin polymerization, however, seems unable to nucleate filaments. Plays a role in lamellipodial protrusion formations and cell migration ; Belongs to the CARMIL family. (1371 aa)
CARMIL2Capping protein, Arp2/3 and myosin-I linker protein 2; Cell membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that plays a role in the regulation of actin polymerization at the barbed end of actin filaments. Prevents F-actin heterodimeric capping protein (CP) activity at the leading edges of migrating cells, and hence generates uncapped barbed ends and enhances actin polymerization. Plays a role in cell protrusion formations; involved in cell polarity, lamellipodial assembly, membrane ruffling and macropinosome formations. Involved as well in cell migration and invadopodia formation during woun [...] (1435 aa)
SVILSupervillin; [Isoform 1]: Forms a high-affinity link between the actin cytoskeleton and the membrane. Is among the first costameric proteins to assemble during myogenesis and it contributes to myogenic membrane structure and differentiation. Appears to be involved in myosin II assembly. May modulate myosin II regulation through MLCK during cell spreading, an initial step in cell migration. May play a role in invadopodial function. (2214 aa)
ADD3Gamma-adducin; Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that promotes the assembly of the spectrin-actin network. Plays a role in actin filament capping. Binds to calmodulin. Belongs to the aldolase class II family. Adducin subfamily. (706 aa)
SPTBN1Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1; Fodrin, which seems to be involved in secretion, interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. (2364 aa)
WASHC2CWASH complex subunit 2C; Acts at least in part as component of the WASH core complex whose assembly at the surface of endosomes inhibits WASH nucleation- promoting factor (NPF) activity in recruiting and activating the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization and is involved in the fission of tubules that serve as transport intermediates during endosome sorting. Mediates the recruitment of the WASH core complex to endosome membranes via binding to phospholipids and VPS35 of the retromer CSC. Mediates the recruitment of the F-actin-capping protein dimer to the WASH core complex pro [...] (1341 aa)
SPTBN4Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4. (2564 aa)
TWF1Twinfilin-1; Actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. Inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G- actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. Seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles (By similarity). (357 aa)
SPTBN2Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2; Probably plays an important role in neuronal membrane skeleton; Belongs to the spectrin family. (2390 aa)
DMTNDematin; Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein with F-actin-binding activity that induces F-actin bundles formation and stabilization. Its F-actin-bundling activity is reversibly regulated upon its phosphorylation by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Binds to the erythrocyte membrane glucose transporter-1 SLC2A1/GLUT1, and hence stabilizes and attaches the spectrin-actin network to the erythrocytic plasma membrane. Plays a role in maintaining the functional integrity of PKA-activated erythrocyte shape and the membrane mechanical properties. Plays also a role as a modulator [...] (405 aa)
WDR1WD repeat-containing protein 1; Induces disassembly of actin filaments in conjunction with ADF/cofilin family proteins. Enhances cofilin- mediated actin severing (By similarity). Involved in cytokinesis. Involved in chemotactic cell migration by restricting lamellipodial membrane protrusions. Involved in myocardium sarcomere organization. Required for cardiomyocyte growth and maintenance (By similarity). Involved in megakaryocyte maturation and platelet shedding. Required for the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP) during follicular epithelium development and for cell shape cha [...] (606 aa)
H0Y858_HUMANUncharacterized protein. (1186 aa)
NCK1Cytoplasmic protein NCK1; Adapter protein which associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors, such as KDR and PDGFRB, or their cellular substrates. Maintains low levels of EIF2S1 phosphorylation by promoting its dephosphorylation by PP1. Plays a role in the DNA damage response, not in the detection of the damage by ATM/ATR, but for efficient activation of downstream effectors, such as that of CHEK2. Plays a role in ELK1-dependent transcriptional activation in response to activated Ras signaling. Modulates the activation of EIF2AK2/PKR by dsRNA. May play a role in cel [...] (377 aa)
LMOD3Leiomodin-3; Essential for the organization of sarcomeric actin thin filaments in skeletal muscle. Increases the rate of actin polymerization ; Belongs to the tropomodulin family. (560 aa)
SPTAN1Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1; Fodrin, which seems to be involved in secretion, interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. (2498 aa)
IQANK1IQ motif and ankyrin repeat containing 1. (560 aa)
EPS8Epidermal growth factor receptor kinase substrate 8; Signaling adapter that controls various cellular protrusions by regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics and architecture. Depending on its association with other signal transducers, can regulate different processes. Together with SOS1 and ABI1, forms a trimeric complex that participates in transduction of signals from Ras to Rac by activating the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. Acts as a direct regulator of actin dynamics by binding actin filaments and has both barbed-end actin filament capping and acti [...] (822 aa)
SPTA1Spectrin alpha chain, erythrocytic 1; Spectrin is the major constituent of the cytoskeletal network underlying the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It associates with band 4.1 and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. (2419 aa)
SPTBSpectrin beta chain, erythrocytic; Spectrin is the major constituent of the cytoskeletal network underlying the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It associates with band 4.1 and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. (2328 aa)
TRIOBPTRIO and F-actin-binding protein; May regulate actin cytoskeletal organization, cell spreading and cell contraction by directly binding and stabilizing filamentous F- actin. The localized formation of TARA and TRIO complexes coordinates the amount of F-actin present in stress fibers. May also serve as a linker protein to recruit proteins required for F-actin formation and turnover. (2365 aa)
ADD2Beta-adducin; Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that promotes the assembly of the spectrin-actin network. Binds to the erythrocyte membrane receptor SLC2A1/GLUT1 and may therefore provide a link between the spectrin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. Binds to calmodulin. Calmodulin binds preferentially to the beta subunit. Belongs to the aldolase class II family. Adducin subfamily. (726 aa)
CRACDCapping protein inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics; Involved in epithelial cell integrity by acting on the maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton. Positively regulates the actin polymerization, by inhibiting the interaction of actin-capping proteins with actin. (1233 aa)
PIK3CAPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to v [...] (1068 aa)
CAPGMacrophage-capping protein; Calcium-sensitive protein which reversibly blocks the barbed ends of actin filaments but does not sever preformed actin filaments. May play an important role in macrophage function. May play a role in regulating cytoplasmic and/or nuclear structures through potential interactions with actin. May bind DNA. (348 aa)
CAPZA1F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1; F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments. May play a role in the formation of epithelial cell junctions. (286 aa)
TMOD1Tropomodulin-1; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton. May play an important role in regulating the organization of actin filaments by preferentially binding to a specific tropomyosin isoform at its N-terminus. (359 aa)
AVILAdvillin; Ca(2+)-regulated actin-binding protein. May have a unique function in the morphogenesis of neuronal cells which form ganglia. Required for SREC1-mediated regulation of neurite-like outgrowth. Plays a role in regenerative sensory axon outgrowth and remodeling processes after peripheral injury in neonates. Involved in the formation of long fine actin-containing filopodia-like structures in fibroblast. Plays a role in ciliogenesis. (819 aa)
LMOD2Leiomodin-2; Mediates nucleation of actin filaments and thereby promotes actin polymerization. Plays a role in the regulation of actin filament length (By similarity). Required for normal sarcomere organization in the heart, and for normal heart function. (547 aa)
CAPZBF-actin-capping protein subunit beta; F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. (301 aa)
LIMA1LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1; Actin-binding protein involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation and dynamics. Increases the number and size of actin stress fibers and inhibits membrane ruffling. Inhibits actin filament depolymerization. Bundles actin filaments, delays filament nucleation and reduces formation of branched filaments. Plays a role in cholesterol homeostasis. Influences plasma cholesterol levels through regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption. May act as a scaffold protein by regulating NPC1L1 transportation, an essential protein for cholesterol absorption, [...] (760 aa)
MTPNMyotrophin; Promotes dimerization of NF-kappa-B subunits and regulates NF-kappa-B transcription factor activity (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of the growth of actin filaments. Inhibits the activity of the F-actin-capping protein complex formed by the CAPZA1 and CAPZB heterodimer. Promotes growth of cardiomyocytes, but not cardiomyocyte proliferation. Promotes cardiac muscle hypertrophy. Belongs to the myotrophin family. (118 aa)
SEMA5ASemaphorin-5A; Bifunctional axonal guidance cue regulated by sulfated proteoglycans; attractive effects result from interactions with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), while the inhibitory effects depend on interactions with chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) (By similarity). Ligand for receptor PLXNB3. In glioma cells, SEMA5A stimulation of PLXNB3 results in the disassembly of F-actin stress fibers, disruption of focal adhesions and cellular collapse as well as inhibition of cell migration and invasion through ARHGDIA-mediated inactivation of RAC1. May promote angiogenesis [...] (1074 aa)
GSNGelsolin; Calcium-regulated, actin-modulating protein that binds to the plus (or barbed) ends of actin monomers or filaments, preventing monomer exchange (end-blocking or capping). It can promote the assembly of monomers into filaments (nucleation) as well as sever filaments already formed. Plays a role in ciliogenesis. (782 aa)
LMOD1Leiomodin-1; Mediates nucleation of actin filaments. Belongs to the tropomodulin family. (600 aa)
ACTN2Alpha-actinin-2; F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein. (894 aa)
TMOD2Tropomodulin-2; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton (By similarity). (351 aa)
VIL1Villin-1; Epithelial cell-specific Ca(2+)-regulated actin-modifying protein that modulates the reorganization of microvillar actin filaments. Plays a role in the actin nucleation, actin filament bundle assembly, actin filament capping and severing. Binds phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA); binds LPA with higher affinity than PIP2. Binding to LPA increases its phosphorylation by SRC and inhibits all actin-modifying activities. Binding to PIP2 inhibits actin-capping and -severing activities but enhances actin-bundling activity. Regulates the inte [...] (827 aa)
DSTNDestrin; Actin-depolymerizing protein. Severs actin filaments (F- actin) and binds to actin monomers (G-actin). Acts in a pH-independent manner. (165 aa)
PLEKPleckstrin; Major protein kinase C substrate of platelets. (350 aa)
NCK2Cytoplasmic protein NCK2; Adapter protein which associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors or their cellular substrates. Maintains low levels of EIF2S1 phosphorylation by promoting its dephosphorylation by PP1. Plays a role in ELK1-dependent transcriptional activation in response to activated Ras signaling. (380 aa)
PDXPPyridoxal phosphate phosphatase; Protein serine phosphatase that dephosphorylates 'Ser-3' in cofilin and probably also dephosphorylates phospho-serine residues in DSTN. Regulates cofilin-dependent actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Required for normal progress through mitosis and normal cytokinesis. Does not dephosphorylate phospho-threonines in LIMK1. Does not dephosphorylate peptides containing phospho-tyrosine. Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) phosphatase, which also catalyzes the dephosphorylation of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP) and pyridoxamine 5'- phosphate (PMP), with order of substra [...] (296 aa)
ADD1Alpha-adducin; Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that promotes the assembly of the spectrin-actin network. Binds to calmodulin. (768 aa)
CAPZA2F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2; F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments. (286 aa)
SH3BP1SH3 domain-binding protein 1; GTPase activating protein (GAP) which specifically converts GTP-bound Rho-type GTPases including RAC1 and CDC42 in their inactive GDP-bound form. By specifically inactivating RAC1 at the leading edge of migrating cells, it regulates the spatiotemporal organization of cell protrusions which is important for proper cell migration. Also negatively regulates CDC42 in the process of actin remodeling and the formation of epithelial cell junctions. Through its GAP activity toward RAC1 and/or CDC42 plays a specific role in phagocytosis of large particles. Specific [...] (701 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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