STRINGSTRING
CNIH3 CNIH3 RTN4R RTN4R ABI3 ABI3 CRIPT CRIPT SLC1A1 SLC1A1 PRKAR2B PRKAR2B EPHA4 EPHA4 APP APP MAP1A MAP1A ZNF804A ZNF804A NLGN2 NLGN2 GRM5 GRM5 CNIH2 CNIH2 SEZ6 SEZ6 BAIAP2 BAIAP2 PSEN1 PSEN1 INPP5J INPP5J HOMER1 HOMER1 RGS7BP RGS7BP GRM7 GRM7 KIRREL1 KIRREL1 MAP2 MAP2 PSEN2 PSEN2 NTSR1 NTSR1 LPAR1 LPAR1 SYNDIG1 SYNDIG1 GABBR1 GABBR1 GIPC1 GIPC1 GPER1 GPER1 JPH4 JPH4 NSF NSF SLC8A1 SLC8A1 MPP2 MPP2 STAU2 STAU2 KIRREL3 KIRREL3 HTR2A HTR2A SYNGAP1 SYNGAP1
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
CNIH3Protein cornichon homolog 3; Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA- selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by regulating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Belongs to the cornichon family. (160 aa)
RTN4RReticulon-4 receptor; Receptor for RTN4, OMG and MAG. Functions as receptor for the sialylated gangliosides GT1b and GM1. Besides, functions as receptor for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (By similarity). Can also bind heparin (By similarity). Intracellular signaling cascades are triggered via the coreceptor NGFR. Signaling mediates activation of Rho and downstream reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Mediates axonal growth inhibition. Plays a role in regulating axon regeneration and neuronal plasticity in the adult central nervous system. Plays a role in postnatal brain develo [...] (473 aa)
ABI3ABI gene family member 3; May inhibit tumor metastasis (By similarity). In vitro, reduces cell motility; Belongs to the ABI family. (366 aa)
CRIPTCysteine-rich PDZ-binding protein; Involved in the cytoskeletal anchoring of DLG4 in excitatory synapses. (101 aa)
SLC1A1Excitatory amino acid transporter 3; Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate. Can also transport L-cysteine. Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion. Mediates Cl(-) flux that is not coupled to amino acid transport; this avoids the accumulation of negative charges due to aspartate and Na(+) symport. Plays an important role in L-glutamate and L-aspartate reabsorptio [...] (524 aa)
PRKAR2BcAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit; Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. Type II regulatory chains mediate membrane association by binding to anchoring proteins, including the MAP2 kinase. (418 aa)
EPHA4Ephrin type-A receptor 4; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds membrane-bound ephrin family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Highly promiscuous, it has the unique property among Eph receptors to bind and to be physiologically activated by both GPI- anchored ephrin-A and transmembrane ephrin-B ligands including EFNA1 and EFNB3. U [...] (986 aa)
APPGamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 50; Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Interaction between APP molecules on neighboring cells promotes synaptogenesis. Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1-KAT5 and inhibits Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis- inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(O) and JIP. Inhibits [...] (770 aa)
MAP1AMicrotubule-associated protein 1A; Structural protein involved in the filamentous cross-bridging between microtubules and other skeletal elements. (2803 aa)
ZNF804AZinc finger protein 804A. (1209 aa)
NLGN2Neuroligin-2; Transmembrane scaffolding protein involved in cell-cell interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Mediates cell-cell interactions both in neurons and in other types of cells, such as Langerhans beta cells. Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, especially via gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA(A) receptors). Functions by recruiting and clustering synaptic proteins. Promotes clustering of postsynaptic GABRG2 and GPHN. Promotes clustering of postsynaptic LHFPL4 (By similarity). Modulates signaling by inhibitory synapses [...] (835 aa)
GRM5Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system and generates a calcium-activated chloride current. Plays an important role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and the modulation of the neural network activity. (1212 aa)
CNIH2Protein cornichon homolog 2; Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA- selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by regulating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Blocks CACNG8-mediated resensitization of AMPA receptors. Belongs to the cornichon family. (160 aa)
SEZ6Seizure protein 6 homolog; May play a role in cell-cell recognition and in neuronal membrane signaling. Seems to be important for the achievement of the necessary balance between dendrite elongation and branching during the elaboration of a complex dendritic arbor. Involved in the development of appropriate excitatory synaptic connectivity (By similarity). Belongs to the SEZ6 family. (994 aa)
BAIAP2Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2; Adapter protein that links membrane-bound small G-proteins to cytoplasmic effector proteins. Necessary for CDC42-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and for RAC1-mediated membrane ruffling. Involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by WASF family members and the Arp2/3 complex. Plays a role in neurite growth. Acts syngeristically with ENAH to promote filipodia formation. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to bacterial infection. Participates in actin bundling whe [...] (552 aa)
PSEN1Presenilin-1 CTF subunit; Catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid- beta precursor protein). Requires the presence of the other members of the gamma-secretase complex for protease activity. Plays a role in Notch and Wnt signaling cascades and regulation of downstream processes via its role in processing key regulatory proteins, and by regulating cytosolic CTNNB1 levels. Stimulates cell-cell adhesion via its interaction with CDH1; this stabili [...] (467 aa)
INPP5JPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A; Inositol 5-phosphatase, which converts inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate to inositol 1,4-bisphosphate. Also converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to phosphatidylinositol 4- phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate to inositol 1,3,4- trisphosphate in vitro. May be involved in modulation of the function of inositol and phosphatidylinositol polyphosphate-binding proteins that are present at membranes ruffles (By similarity). (1006 aa)
HOMER1Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross- links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER- associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic meta [...] (354 aa)
RGS7BPRegulator of G-protein signaling 7-binding protein; Regulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. Regulatory subunit of the R7-Gbeta5 complexes that acts by controlling the subcellular location of the R7-Gbeta5 complexes. When palmitoylated, it targets the R7-Gbeta5 complexes to the plasma membrane, leading to inhibit G protein alpha subunits. When it is unpalmitoylated, the R7-Gbeta5 complexes undergo a nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling. May also act by controlling the proteolytic stability of R7 proteins, probably by protecting them from degradation. (257 aa)
GRM7Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7; G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. (915 aa)
KIRREL1Kin of IRRE-like protein 1; Plays a significant role in the normal development and function of the glomerular permeability. Signaling protein that needs the presence of TEC kinases to fully trans-activate the transcription factor AP-1 (By similarity); Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. (757 aa)
MAP2Microtubule-associated protein 2; The exact function of MAP2 is unknown but MAPs may stabilize the microtubules against depolymerization. They also seem to have a stiffening effect on microtubules. (1827 aa)
PSEN2Presenilin-2 CTF subunit; Probable catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid- beta precursor protein). Requires the other members of the gamma- secretase complex to have a protease activity. May play a role in intracellular signaling and gene expression or in linking chromatin to the nuclear membrane. May function in the cytoplasmic partitioning of proteins. The holoprotein functions as a calcium-leak channel that allows the passive movement o [...] (448 aa)
NTSR1Neurotensin receptor type 1; G-protein coupled receptor for the tridecapeptide neurotensin (NTS). Signaling is effected via G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Signaling leads to the activation of downstream MAP kinases and protects cells against apoptosis. (418 aa)
LPAR1Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1; Receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, differentiation and proliferation, and thereby contributes to the responses to tissue damage and infectious agents. Activates downstream signaling cascades via the G(i)/G(o), G(12)/G(13), and G(q) families of heteromeric G proteins. Signaling inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and decreases cellular cAMP levels. Signaling triggers an increase of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels. Activates RALA; this leads to the activation of phospholipase C [...] (364 aa)
SYNDIG1Synapse differentiation-inducing gene protein 1; May regulate AMPA receptor content at nascent synapses, and have a role in postsynaptic development and maturation; Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family. (258 aa)
GABBR1Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1; Component of a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor for GABA, formed by GABBR1 and GABBR2. Within the heterodimeric GABA receptor, only GABBR1 seems to bind agonists, while GABBR2 mediates coupling to G proteins. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-depend [...] (961 aa)
GIPC1PDZ domain-containing protein GIPC1; May be involved in G protein-linked signaling; Belongs to the GIPC family. (333 aa)
GPER1G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1; G-protein coupled estrogen receptor that binds to 17-beta- estradiol (E2) with high affinity, leading to rapid and transient activation of numerous intracellular signaling pathways. Stimulates cAMP production, calcium mobilization and tyrosine kinase Src inducing the release of heparin-bound epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and subsequent transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), activating downstream signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK. Mediates pleiotropic functions among others in the cardiovascular, endocrine [...] (375 aa)
JPH4Junctophilin-4; Junctophilins contribute to the formation of junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) which link the plasma membrane with the endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum in excitable cells. Provides a structural foundation for functional cross-talk between the cell surface and intracellular calcium release channels. JPH4 is brain- specific and appears to have an active role in certain neurons involved in motor coordination and memory (By similarity). (628 aa)
NSFVesicle-fusing ATPase; Required for vesicle-mediated transport. Catalyzes the fusion of transport vesicles within the Golgi cisternae. Is also required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi stack. Seems to function as a fusion protein required for the delivery of cargo proteins to all compartments of the Golgi stack independent of vesicle origin. Interaction with AMPAR subunit GRIA2 leads to influence GRIA2 membrane cycling (By similarity); Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. (744 aa)
SLC8A1Sodium/calcium exchanger 1; Mediates the exchange of one Ca(2+) ion against three to four Na(+) ions across the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to the regulation of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels and Ca(2+)-dependent cellular processes. Contributes to Ca(2+) transport during excitation-contraction coupling in muscle. In a first phase, voltage-gated channels mediate the rapid increase of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels due to release of Ca(2+) stores from the endoplasmic reticulum. SLC8A1 mediates the export of Ca(2+) from the cell during the next phase, so that cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels ra [...] (973 aa)
MPP2MAGUK p55 subfamily member 2; Postsynaptic MAGUK scaffold protein that links CADM1 cell adhesion molecules to core components of the postsynaptic density (By similarity). In CA1 pyramidal neurons, required for synaptic KCNN2- containing channel function and long-term potentiation expression (By similarity). Seems to negatively regulate SRC function in epithelial cells. (597 aa)
STAU2Double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen homolog 2; RNA-binding protein required for the microtubule-dependent transport of neuronal RNA from the cell body to the dendrite. As protein synthesis occurs within the dendrite, the localization of specific mRNAs to dendrites may be a prerequisite for neurite outgrowth and plasticity at sites distant from the cell body (By similarity). (570 aa)
KIRREL3Processed kin of IRRE-like protein 3; Synaptic adhesion molecule required for the formation of target-specific synapses. Required for formation of target-specific synapses at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Required for formation of mossy fiber filopodia, the synaptic structures connecting dentate granule and GABA neurons. Probably acts as a homophilic adhesion molecule that promotes trans-cellular interactions and stabilize mossy fiber filipodia contact and subsequent synapse formation. Required for the coalescence of vomeronasal sensory neuron axons. May be involved in the hematopo [...] (778 aa)
HTR2A5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2- aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. S [...] (471 aa)
SYNGAP1Ras/Rap GTPase-activating protein SynGAP; Major constituent of the PSD essential for postsynaptic signaling. Inhibitory regulator of the Ras-cAMP pathway. Member of the NMDAR signaling complex in excitatory synapses, it may play a role in NMDAR-dependent control of AMPAR potentiation, AMPAR membrane trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Regulates AMPAR-mediated miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. Exhibits dual GTPase-activating specificity for Ras and Rap. May be involved in certain forms of brain injury, leading to long-term learning and memory deficits (By similarity). (1343 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
Server load: low (20%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.