STRINGSTRING
CDIP1 CDIP1 ATP2B1 ATP2B1 CYLD CYLD CYTH1 CYTH1 THADA THADA FKBP1A FKBP1A GNAT3 GNAT3 HM13 HM13 PTK2B PTK2B PGM5 PGM5 RPS29 RPS29 AKAP5 AKAP5 JUP JUP G6PD G6PD TRAF3 TRAF3 SNX9 SNX9 LILRB4 LILRB4 PKP4 PKP4 ESYT3 ESYT3 BORCS6 BORCS6 PRMT8 PRMT8 GNG7 GNG7 TNK2 TNK2 TGM3 TGM3 EXOC1 EXOC1 TH TH SYAP1 SYAP1 DNAJA1 DNAJA1 GNB1 GNB1 AJAP1 AJAP1 KCNAB2 KCNAB2 SNX5 SNX5 ERRFI1 ERRFI1 GNA14 GNA14 SHROOM4 SHROOM4 HCK HCK SYK SYK PTPN3 PTPN3 CNR2 CNR2 LDLRAP1 LDLRAP1 DNAJC25-GNG10 DNAJC25-GNG10 GNG10 GNG10 FGR FGR TRAF1 TRAF1 SRC SRC PTEN PTEN PTPN1 PTPN1 GNAS GNAS GNG12 GNG12 GNG5 GNG5 NTSR1 NTSR1 CHUK CHUK BLOC1S2 BLOC1S2 SAMD10 SAMD10 GNAI3 GNAI3 CD2 CD2 S100A6 S100A6 SNAPIN SNAPIN NPHS2 NPHS2 EPM2A EPM2A RGS1 RGS1 PTPN22 PTPN22 AP2A1 AP2A1 GM2A GM2A RPS26 RPS26 RAC1 RAC1 FYN FYN DLG1 DLG1 FERMT2 FERMT2 BORCS7 BORCS7 SNX18 SNX18 PALM PALM RASAL3 RASAL3 PTK2 PTK2 MTSS2 MTSS2 EEF1A1 EEF1A1 EZR EZR DNAJB2 DNAJB2 HIP1 HIP1 RASA3 RASA3 CARMIL2 CARMIL2 GNG2 GNG2 GNAL GNAL SPPL2C SPPL2C FES FES STAC3 STAC3 AP2A2 AP2A2 STAC2 STAC2 MTSS1 MTSS1 BORCS5 BORCS5 OSBPL2 OSBPL2 RNF31 RNF31 SAMD12 SAMD12 GNAI2 GNAI2 GRAMD2A GRAMD2A PTPN7 PTPN7 ASPSCR1 ASPSCR1 GNB2 GNB2 GNG8 GNG8 LRRK2 LRRK2 GEM GEM CHMP4C CHMP4C CYTH3 CYTH3 GNG3 GNG3 ALOX15 ALOX15 SPPL3 SPPL3 KIT KIT TIAM1 TIAM1 GNAQ GNAQ FRMD1 FRMD1 FER FER CDK16 CDK16 GNA12 GNA12 STAC STAC RAB5A RAB5A ACP1 ACP1 IQGAP1 IQGAP1 MYZAP MYZAP ESYT1 ESYT1 ANK1 ANK1 ZAP70 ZAP70 PTPN4 PTPN4 PLEKHA4 PLEKHA4 GNA15 GNA15 MAP2K2 MAP2K2 GNAO1 GNAO1 SLC4A1 SLC4A1 SPPL2A SPPL2A GNB5 GNB5 CDH1 CDH1 TRAF5 TRAF5 RAB21 RAB21 BLK BLK RGS8 RGS8 HTRA2 HTRA2 DSG1 DSG1 KRAS KRAS SNAP25 SNAP25 GFAP GFAP GNAT2 GNAT2 GNGT1 GNGT1 GNG11 GNG11 GNG13 GNG13 TRAF2 TRAF2 PKD2 PKD2 RGS2 RGS2 GNB4 GNB4 GNAT1 GNAT1 GNB3 GNB3 CAV2 CAV2 CHMP4B CHMP4B SRMS SRMS EEF1A2 EEF1A2 MYH9 MYH9 GNA11 GNA11 STYK1 STYK1 DIABLO DIABLO ESYT2 ESYT2 DLG4 DLG4 PTP4A1 PTP4A1 GNAI1 GNAI1 SPTB SPTB SPTA1 SPTA1 GNG14 GNG14 LITAFD LITAFD SHANK3 SHANK3 FARP1 FARP1 AP2B1 AP2B1 GNAZ GNAZ PPP1R9B PPP1R9B SPPL2B SPPL2B LCK LCK BIRC2 BIRC2 CHMP4A CHMP4A FRK FRK KXD1 KXD1 RPS28 RPS28 AP2S1 AP2S1 GCOM1 GCOM1 RPL27 RPL27 MIEN1 MIEN1 YES1 YES1 TNK1 TNK1 LITAF LITAF AKT1 AKT1 BLOC1S1 BLOC1S1 PTK6 PTK6 GRAMD1A GRAMD1A MCF2L MCF2L CACNB4 CACNB4 TRAF6 TRAF6 IKBKB IKBKB LYN LYN BORCS8 BORCS8 GNGT2 GNGT2 KCNAB1 KCNAB1 KCNIP1 KCNIP1 PTPRC PTPRC EPM2AIP1 EPM2AIP1 RACGAP1 RACGAP1 AP2M1 AP2M1 GNA13 GNA13 RHOA RHOA GNG4 GNG4 DIABLO-2 DIABLO-2 ATP2C2 ATP2C2 SLA SLA
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CDIP1Cell death-inducing p53-target protein 1; Acts as an important p53/TP53-apoptotic effector. Regulates TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis in a p53/TP53-dependent manner. Belongs to the CDIP1/LITAF family. (208 aa)
ATP2B1Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space thereby maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis. Plays a role in blood pressure regulation through regulation of intracellular calcium concentration and nitric oxide production leading to regulation of vascular smooth muscle cells vasoconstriction. Positively regulates bone mineralization through absorption of calcium from the intestine. Plays dual roles in osteoclast differentiation and survival by regulating RANKL-ind [...] (1220 aa)
CYLDUbiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD; Deubiquitinase that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'- and linear 'Met-1'-linked polyubiquitin chains and is involved in NF-kappa-B activation and TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis. Plays an important role in the regulation of pathways leading to NF-kappa-B activation. Contributes to the regulation of cell survival, proliferation and differentiation via its effects on NF- kappa-B activation. Negative regulator of Wnt signaling. Inhibits HDAC6 and thereby promotes acetylation of alpha-tubulin and stabilization of microtubules. Plays a role in the regu [...] (956 aa)
CYTH1Cytohesin-1; Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1, ARF5 and ARF6. Promotes the activation of ARF factors through replacement of GDP with GTP. Plays an important role in membrane trafficking, during junctional remodeling and epithelial polarization, through regulation of ARF6 activity. (398 aa)
THADAThyroid adenoma-associated protein; THADA armadillo repeat containing; Belongs to the THADA family. (1953 aa)
FKBP1APeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A; Keeps in an inactive conformation TGFBR1, the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, preventing TGF-beta receptor activation in absence of ligand. Recruits SMAD7 to ACVR1B which prevents the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. May modulate the RYR1 calcium channel activity. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily. (108 aa)
GNAT3Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-3; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) alpha subunit playing a prominent role in bitter and sweet taste transduction as well as in umami (monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, and inosine monophosphate) taste transduction. Transduction by this alpha subunit involves coupling of specific cell-surface receptors with a cGMP- phosphodiesterase; Activation of phosphodiesterase lowers intracellular levels of cAMP and cGMP which may open a cyclic nucleotide-suppressible cation channel leading to influx of calcium, ultim [...] (354 aa)
HM13Minor histocompatibility antigen H13; Catalyzes intramembrane proteolysis of some signal peptides after they have been cleaved from a preprotein, resulting in the release of the fragment from the ER membrane into the cytoplasm. Required to generate lymphocyte cell surface (HLA-E) epitopes derived from MHC class I signal peptides. May be necessary for the removal of the signal peptide that remains attached to the hepatitis C virus core protein after the initial proteolytic processing of the polyprotein. Involved in the intramembrane cleavage of the integral membrane protein PSEN1. Cleav [...] (426 aa)
PTK2BProtein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization, cell migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodeling. Plays a role in the regulation of the humoral immune response, and is required for normal levels of marginal B-cells in the spleen and normal migration of splenic B-cells. Required for normal macrophage polarization and migration towards sites of inflammation. Regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell spreading in T-cells, and contributes to the regulation of T-cell responses. Promot [...] (1009 aa)
PGM5Phosphoglucomutase-like protein 5; Component of adherens-type cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions. Lacks phosphoglucomutase activity. (567 aa)
RPS29Ribosomal protein S29. (67 aa)
AKAP5A-kinase anchor protein 5; May anchor the PKA protein to cytoskeletal and/or organelle- associated proteins, targeting the signal carried by cAMP to specific intracellular effectors. Association with to the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2-AR) not only regulates beta2-AR signaling pathway, but also the activation by PKA by switching off the beta2-AR signaling cascade. (427 aa)
JUPJunction plakoglobin; Common junctional plaque protein. The membrane-associated plaques are architectural elements in an important strategic position to influence the arrangement and function of both the cytoskeleton and the cells within the tissue. The presence of plakoglobin in both the desmosomes and in the intermediate junctions suggests that it plays a central role in the structure and function of submembranous plaques. Acts as a substrate for VE-PTP and is required by it to stimulate VE- cadherin function in endothelial cells. Can replace beta-catenin in E- cadherin/catenin adhes [...] (745 aa)
G6PDGlucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase; Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the oxidative branch within the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative route to glycolysis for the dissimilation of carbohydrates and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for fatty acid and nucleic acid biosynthetic processes. (515 aa)
TRAF3TNF receptor-associated factor 3; Regulates pathways leading to the activation of NF-kappa-B and MAP kinases, and plays a central role in the regulation of B-cell survival. Part of signaling pathways leading to the production of cytokines and interferon. Required for normal antibody isotype switching from IgM to IgG. Plays a role T-cell dependent immune responses. Plays a role in the regulation of antiviral responses. Is an essential constituent of several E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. May have E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and promote 'Lys-63'- linked ubiquitination of [...] (568 aa)
SNX9Sorting nexin-9; Involved in endocytosis and intracellular vesicle trafficking, both during interphase and at the end of mitosis. Required for efficient progress through mitosis and cytokinesis. Required for normal formation of the cleavage furrow at the end of mitosis. Plays a role in endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits, but also clathrin- independent, actin-dependent fluid-phase endocytosis. Plays a role in macropinocytosis. Promotes internalization of TNFR. Promotes degradation of EGFR after EGF signaling. Stimulates the GTPase activity of DNM1. Promotes DNM1 oligomerization. Promo [...] (595 aa)
LILRB4Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4; Receptor for class I MHC antigens. Recognizes a broad spectrum of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and HLA-G alleles. Involved in the down-regulation of the immune response and the development of tolerance, e.g. towards transplants. Interferes with TNFRSF5-signaling and NF-kappa-B up-regulation. Inhibits receptor-mediated phosphorylation of cellular proteins and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions. (448 aa)
PKP4Plakophilin-4; Plays a role as a regulator of Rho activity during cytokinesis. May play a role in junctional plaques. (1192 aa)
ESYT3Extended synaptotagmin-3; Binds glycerophospholipids in a barrel-like domain and may play a role in cellular lipid transport (By similarity). Tethers the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane and promotes the formation of appositions between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane. (886 aa)
BORCS6BLOC-1-related complex subunit 6; As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor. Belongs to the BORCS6 family. (357 aa)
PRMT8Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 8; S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent and membrane-associated arginine methyltransferase that can both catalyze the formation of omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (aDMA) in proteins such as NIFK, myelin basic protein, histone H4, H2A and H2A/H2B dimer. Able to mono- and dimethylate EWS protein; however its precise role toward EWS remains unclear as it still interacts with fully methylated EWS. (394 aa)
GNG7Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. Plays a role in the regulation of adenylyl cyclase signaling in certain regions of the brain. Plays a role in the formation or stabilzation of a G protein heterotrimer (G(olf) subunit alpha-beta-gamma-7) that is required for adenylyl cyclase activity in t [...] (68 aa)
TNK2Activated CDC42 kinase 1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein and serine/threonine-protein kinase that is implicated in cell spreading and migration, cell survival, cell growth and proliferation. Transduces extracellular signals to cytosolic and nuclear effectors. Phosphorylates AKT1, AR, MCF2, WASL and WWOX. Implicated in trafficking and clathrin-mediated endocytosis through binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and clathrin. Binds to both poly- and mono-ubiquitin and regulates ligand-induced degradation of EGFR, thereby contributing to the accumulation of EGFR at the limiting [...] (1086 aa)
TGM3Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E 27 kDa non-catalytic chain; Catalyzes the calcium-dependent formation of isopeptide cross-links between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins, as well as the conjugation of polyamines to proteins. Involved in the formation of the cornified envelope (CE), a specialized component consisting of covalent cross-links of proteins beneath the plasma membrane of terminally differentiated keratinocytes. Catalyzes small proline-rich proteins (SPRR1 and SPRR2) and LOR cross-linking to form small interchain oligomers, which are further cros [...] (693 aa)
EXOC1Exocyst complex component 1; Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane. (894 aa)
THTyrosine 3-monooxygenase; Plays an important role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons. (528 aa)
SYAP1Synapse-associated protein 1; Plays a role in adipocyte differentiation by promoting mTORC2-mediated phosphorylation of AKT1 at 'Ser-473' after growth factor stimulation. (352 aa)
DNAJA1DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 1; Co-chaperone for HSPA8/Hsc70. Stimulates ATP hydrolysis, but not the folding of unfolded proteins mediated by HSPA1A (in vitro). Plays a role in protein transport into mitochondria via its role as co-chaperone. Functions as co- chaperone for HSPA1B and negatively regulates the translocation of BAX from the cytosol to mitochondria in response to cellular stress, thereby protecting cells against apoptosis. Promotes apoptosis in response to cellular stress mediated by exposure to anisomycin or UV. (397 aa)
GNB1Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa)
AJAP1Adherens junction-associated protein 1; Plays a role in cell adhesion and cell migration. (411 aa)
KCNAB2Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-2; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Contributes to the regulation of nerve signaling, and prevents neuronal hyperexcitability (By similarity). Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity (By similarity). Promotes potassium channel closure via a mechanism that does not involve physical obstruction of the channel pore. Promotes KCNA4 channel closure. Modulates the functional properties of KCNA5 [...] (415 aa)
SNX5Sorting nexin-5; Involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) or phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2). Acts in part as component of the retromer membrane- deforming SNX-BAR subcomplex. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX-BAR subcomplex functions to deform the donor membrane into a tubular profile called e [...] (404 aa)
ERRFI1ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1; Negative regulator of EGFR signaling in skin morphogenesis. Acts as a negative regulator for several EGFR family members, including ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4. Inhibits EGFR catalytic activity by interfering with its dimerization. Inhibits autophosphorylation of EGFR, ERBB2 and ERBB4. Important for normal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Plays a role in modulating the response to steroid hormones in the uterus. Required for normal response to progesterone in the uterus and for fertility. Mediates epithelial estrogen responses in the uterus [...] (462 aa)
GNA14Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (355 aa)
SHROOM4Protein Shroom4; Probable regulator of cytoskeletal architecture that plays an important role in development. May regulate cellular and cytoskeletal architecture by modulating the spatial distribution of myosin II (By similarity); Belongs to the shroom family. (1493 aa)
HCKTyrosine-protein kinase HCK; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase found in hematopoietic cells that transmits signals from cell surface receptors and plays an important role in the regulation of innate immune responses, including neutrophil, monocyte, macrophage and mast cell functions, phagocytosis, cell survival and proliferation, cell adhesion and migration. Acts downstream of receptors that bind the Fc region of immunoglobulins, such as FCGR1A and FCGR2A, but also CSF3R, PLAUR, the receptors for IFNG, IL2, IL6 and IL8, and integrins, such as ITGB1 and ITGB2. During the phagocytic p [...] (526 aa)
SYKTyrosine-protein kinase SYK; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates signal transduction downstream of a variety of transmembrane receptors including classical immunoreceptors like the B-cell receptor (BCR). Regulates several biological processes including innate and adaptive immunity, cell adhesion, osteoclast maturation, platelet activation and vascular development. Assembles into signaling complexes with activated receptors at the plasma membrane via interaction between its SH2 domains and the receptor tyrosine-phosphorylated ITAM domains. The association with the receptor can a [...] (635 aa)
PTPN3Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3; May act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton. Possesses tyrosine phosphatase activity. (913 aa)
CNR2Cannabinoid receptor 2; Heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptor for endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol mediating inhibition of adenylate cyclase. May function in inflammatory response, nociceptive transmission and bone homeostasis. (360 aa)
LDLRAP1Low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1; Adapter protein (clathrin-associated sorting protein (CLASP)) required for efficient endocytosis of the LDL receptor (LDLR) in polarized cells such as hepatocytes and lymphocytes, but not in non- polarized cells (fibroblasts). May be required for LDL binding and internalization but not for receptor clustering in coated pits. May facilitate the endocytocis of LDLR and LDLR-LDL complexes from coated pits by stabilizing the interaction between the receptor and the structural components of the pits. May also be involved in the internaliza [...] (308 aa)
DNAJC25-GNG10Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (153 aa)
GNG10Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. Interacts with beta-1 and beta-2, but not with beta-3. (68 aa)
FGRTyrosine-protein kinase Fgr; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that transmits signals from cell surface receptors devoid of kinase activity and contributes to the regulation of immune responses, including neutrophil, monocyte, macrophage and mast cell functions, cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, phagocytosis, cell adhesion and migration. Promotes mast cell degranulation, release of inflammatory cytokines and IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. Acts downstream of receptors that bind the Fc region of immunoglobulins, such as MS4A2/FCER1B, FCGR2A and/or FCGR2B. Acts d [...] (529 aa)
TRAF1TNF receptor-associated factor 1; Adapter molecule that regulates the activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK. Plays a role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. The heterotrimer formed by TRAF1 and TRAF2 is part of a E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex that promotes ubiquitination of target proteins, such as MAP3K14. The TRAF1/TRAF2 complex recruits the antiapoptotic E3 protein-ubiquitin ligases BIRC2 and BIRC3 to TNFRSF1B/TNFR2. (416 aa)
SRCProto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src; Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase which is activated following engagement of many different classes of cellular receptors including immune response receptors, integrins and other adhesion receptors, receptor protein tyrosine kinases, G protein-coupled receptors as well as cytokine receptors. Participates in signaling pathways that control a diverse spectrum of biological activities including gene transcription, immune response, cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and transformation. Due to functional redundancy bet [...] (536 aa)
PTENPhosphatase and tensin homolog; Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor [...] (403 aa)
PTPN1Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1; Tyrosine-protein phosphatase which acts as a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Mediates dephosphorylation of EIF2AK3/PERK; inactivating the protein kinase activity of EIF2AK3/PERK. May play an important role in CKII- and p60c- src-induced signal transduction cascades. May regulate the EFNA5-EPHA3 signaling pathway which modulates cell reorganization and cell-cell repulsion. May also regulate the hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway through dephosphorylation of MET. Belongs to the protein-tyrosi [...] (435 aa)
GNASGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers in numerous signaling pathways controlled by G protein- coupled receptors (GPCRs). Signaling involves the activation of adenylyl cyclases, resulting in increased levels of the signaling molecule cAMP. GNAS functions downstream of several GPCRs, including beta-adrenergic receptors. XLas isoforms interact with the same set of receptors as GNAS isoforms (By similarity). (1037 aa)
GNG12Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (72 aa)
GNG5Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (68 aa)
NTSR1Neurotensin receptor type 1; G-protein coupled receptor for the tridecapeptide neurotensin (NTS). Signaling is effected via G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Signaling leads to the activation of downstream MAP kinases and protects cells against apoptosis. (418 aa)
CHUKInhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into t [...] (745 aa)
BLOC1S2Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 2; Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension (By similarity). As part of the BORC complex may play a role in l [...] (142 aa)
SAMD10Sterile alpha motif domain containing 10. (202 aa)
GNAI3Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha; Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modul [...] (354 aa)
CD2T-cell surface antigen CD2; CD2 interacts with lymphocyte function-associated antigen CD58 (LFA-3) and CD48/BCM1 to mediate adhesion between T-cells and other cell types. CD2 is implicated in the triggering of T-cells, the cytoplasmic domain is implicated in the signaling function. (351 aa)
S100A6Protein S100-A6; May function as calcium sensor and modulator, contributing to cellular calcium signaling. May function by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and indirectly play a role in many physiological processes such as the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and in cell motility. Binds 2 calcium ions. Calcium binding is cooperative. (90 aa)
SNAPINSNARE-associated protein Snapin; Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. Plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking and synaptic vesicle recycling. May modulate [...] (136 aa)
NPHS2Podocin; Plays a role in the regulation of glomerular permeability, acting probably as a linker between the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton. (383 aa)
EPM2ALaforin; Plays an important role in preventing glycogen hyperphosphorylation and the formation of insoluble aggregates, via its activity as glycogen phosphatase, and by promoting the ubiquitination of proteins involved in glycogen metabolism via its interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase NHLRC1/malin. Shows strong phosphatase activity towards complex carbohydrates in vitro, avoiding glycogen hyperphosphorylation which is associated with reduced branching and formation of insoluble aggregates. Dephosphorylates phosphotyrosine and synthetic substrates, such as para- nitrophenylphosphat [...] (331 aa)
RGS1Regulator of G-protein signaling 1; Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades, including signaling downstream of the N-formylpeptide chemoattractant receptors and leukotriene receptors. Inhibits B cell chemotaxis toward CXCL12 (By similarity). Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. (209 aa)
PTPN22Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 22; Acts as negative regulator of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling by direct dephosphorylation of the Src family kinases LCK and FYN, ITAMs of the TCRz/CD3 complex, as well as ZAP70, VAV, VCP and other key signaling molecules. Associates with and probably dephosphorylates CBL. Dephosphorylates LCK at its activating 'Tyr-394' residue. Dephosphorylates ZAP70 at its activating 'Tyr-493' residue. Dephosphorylates the immune system activator SKAP2. Positively regulates toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced type 1 interferon production. Promotes host [...] (807 aa)
AP2A1AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold [...] (977 aa)
GM2AGanglioside GM2 activator isoform short; The large binding pocket can accommodate several single chain phospholipids and fatty acids, GM2A also exhibits some calcium- independent phospholipase activity (By similarity). Binds gangliosides and stimulates ganglioside GM2 degradation. It stimulates only the breakdown of ganglioside GM2 and glycolipid GA2 by beta-hexosaminidase A. It extracts single GM2 molecules from membranes and presents them in soluble form to beta-hexosaminidase A for cleavage of N-acetyl-D- galactosamine and conversion to GM3. (193 aa)
RPS26Ribosomal protein S26; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS26 family. (115 aa)
RAC1Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization, neurons adhesion, migration and differentiation, and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity [...] (211 aa)
FYNTyrosine-protein kinase Fyn; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many biological processes including regulation of cell growth and survival, cell adhesion, integrin-mediated signaling, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, immune response and axon guidance. Inactive FYN is phosphorylated on its C-terminal tail within the catalytic domain. Following activation by PKA, the protein subsequently associates with PTK2/FAK1, allowing PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation, activation and targeting to focal adhesions. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through [...] (537 aa)
DLG1Disks large homolog 1; Essential multidomain scaffolding protein required for normal development (By similarity). Recruits channels, receptors and signaling molecules to discrete plasma membrane domains in polarized cells. May play a role in adherens junction assembly, signal transduction, cell proliferation, synaptogenesis and lymphocyte activation. Regulates the excitability of cardiac myocytes by modulating the functional expression of Kv4 channels. Functional regulator of Kv1.5 channel. During long-term depression in hippocampal neurons, it recruits ADAM10 to the plasma membrane. B [...] (926 aa)
FERMT2Fermitin family homolog 2; Scaffolding protein that enhances integrin activation mediated by TLN1 and/or TLN2, but activates integrins only weakly by itself. Binds to membranes enriched in phosphoinositides. Enhances integrin-mediated cell adhesion onto the extracellular matrix and cell spreading; this requires both its ability to interact with integrins and with phospholipid membranes. Required for the assembly of focal adhesions. Participates in the connection between extracellular matrix adhesion sites and the actin cytoskeleton and also in the orchestration of actin assembly and ce [...] (687 aa)
BORCS7BLOC-1-related complex subunit 7; As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor. Belongs to the BORCS7 family. (106 aa)
SNX18Sorting nexin-18; Involved in endocytosis and intracellular vesicle trafficking, both during interphase and at the end of mitosis. Required for efficient progress through mitosis and cytokinesis. Required for normal formation of the cleavage furrow at the end of mitosis. Plays a role in endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits, but also clathrin- independent, actin-dependent fluid-phase endocytosis. Plays a role in macropinocytosis. Binds to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and promotes membrane tubulation. Stimulates the GTPase activity of DNM2. Promotes DNM2 lo [...] (628 aa)
PALMParalemmin-1; Involved in plasma membrane dynamics and cell process formation. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are necessary for axonal and dendritic filopodia induction, for dendritic spine maturation and synapse formation in a palmitoylation-dependent manner. (387 aa)
RASAL3RAS protein activator like-3; Functions as a Ras GTPase-activating protein. Plays an important role in the expansion and functions of natural killer T (NKT) cells in the liver by negatively regulating RAS activity and the down- stream ERK signaling pathway. (1011 aa)
PTK2Focal adhesion kinase 1; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating cell migration, adhesion, spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation and disassembly of focal adhesions and cell protrusions, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Required for early embryonic development and placenta development. Required for embryonic angiogenesis, normal cardiomyocyte migration and proliferation, and normal heart development. Regulates axon growth and neuronal cell migration, axon branching and synapse formation; required f [...] (1065 aa)
MTSS2Protein MTSS 2; Involved in plasma membrane dynamics. Potentiated PDGF- mediated formation of membrane ruffles and lamellipodia in fibroblasts, acting via RAC1 activation. May function in actin bundling ; Belongs to the MTSS family. (747 aa)
EEF1A1Elongation factor 1-alpha 1; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. With PARP1 and TXK, forms a complex that acts as a T helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific transcription factor and binds the promoter of IFN-gamma to directly regulate its transcription, and is thus involved importantly in Th1 cytokine production; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. (462 aa)
EZREzrin; Probably involved in connections of major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. In epithelial cells, required for the formation of microvilli and membrane ruffles on the apical pole. Along with PLEKHG6, required for normal macropinocytosis. (586 aa)
DNAJB2DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 2; Functions as a co-chaperone, regulating the substrate binding and activating the ATPase activity of chaperones of the HSP70/heat shock protein 70 family. In parallel, also contributes to the ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of misfolded proteins. Thereby, may regulate the aggregation and promote the functional recovery of misfolded proteins like HTT, MC4R, PRKN, RHO and SOD1 and be crucial for many biological processes. Isoform 1 which is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membranes may specifically function in ER-associated protein deg [...] (324 aa)
HIP1Huntingtin-interacting protein 1; Plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and trafficking. Involved in regulating AMPA receptor trafficking in the central nervous system in an NMDA-dependent manner (By similarity). Regulates presynaptic nerve terminal activity (By similarity). Enhances androgen receptor (AR)- mediated transcription. May act as a proapoptotic protein that induces cell death by acting through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Binds 3-phosphoinositides (via ENTH domain). May act through the ENTH domain to promote cell survival by stabilizing receptor tyrosine kinases [...] (1037 aa)
RASA3Ras GTPase-activating protein 3; Inhibitory regulator of the Ras-cyclic AMP pathway. Binds inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP4) with high affinity. Might be a specific IP4 receptor. (834 aa)
CARMIL2Capping protein, Arp2/3 and myosin-I linker protein 2; Cell membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that plays a role in the regulation of actin polymerization at the barbed end of actin filaments. Prevents F-actin heterodimeric capping protein (CP) activity at the leading edges of migrating cells, and hence generates uncapped barbed ends and enhances actin polymerization. Plays a role in cell protrusion formations; involved in cell polarity, lamellipodial assembly, membrane ruffling and macropinosome formations. Involved as well in cell migration and invadopodia formation during woun [...] (1435 aa)
GNG2Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction (By similarity). (71 aa)
GNALGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. G(olf) alpha mediates signal transduction within the olfactory neuroepithelium and the basal ganglia. May be involved in some aspect of visual transduction, and in mediating the effect of one or more hormones/neurotransmitters. (458 aa)
SPPL2CSignal peptide peptidase-like 2C; Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that may be able to cleave type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. (684 aa)
FESTyrosine-protein kinase Fes/Fps; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts downstream of cell surface receptors and plays a role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, microtubule assembly, cell attachment and cell spreading. Plays a role in FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells. Acts down-stream of the activated FCER1 receptor and the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KIT. Plays a role in the regulation of mast cell degranulation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell differentiation and promotes neurite outgrowth in response to NGF [...] (822 aa)
STAC3SH3 and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein 3; Required for normal excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle and for normal muscle contraction in response to membrane depolarization. Required for normal Ca(2+) release from the sarcplasmic reticulum, which ultimately leads to muscle contraction. Probably functions via its effects on muscle calcium channels. Increases CACNA1S channel activity, in addition to its role in enhancing the expression of CACNA1S at the cell membrane. Has a redundant role in promoting the expression of the calcium channel CACNA1S at the cell membran [...] (364 aa)
AP2A2AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold [...] (940 aa)
STAC2SH3 and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein 2; Plays a redundant role in promoting the expression of calcium channel CACNA1S at the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to increased channel activity. Slows down the inactivation rate of the calcium channel CACNA1C. (411 aa)
MTSS1Protein MTSS 1; May be related to cancer progression or tumor metastasis in a variety of organ sites, most likely through an interaction with the actin cytoskeleton. (759 aa)
BORCS5BLOC-1-related complex subunit 5; As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor. Thereby, it may indirectly play a role in cell spreading and motility. (196 aa)
OSBPL2Oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 2; Intracellular transport protein that binds sterols and phospholipids and mediates lipid transport between intracellular compartments. Increases plasma membrane cholesterol levels and decreases phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate levels in the cell membrane. Binds phosphoinositides, such as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. Exhibits strong binding to phosphatidic acid and weak binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Binds cholesterol, dehydroergosterol, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol (in vitro). (480 aa)
RNF31E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF31; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase component of the LUBAC complex which conjugates linear ('Met-1'-linked) polyubiquitin chains to substrates and plays a key role in NF-kappa-B activation and regulation of inflammation. LUBAC conjugates linear polyubiquitin to IKBKG and RIPK1 and is involved in activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B and the JNK signaling pathways. Linear ubiquitination mediated by the LUBAC complex interferes with TNF-induced cell death and thereby prevents inflammation. LUBAC is recruited to the TNF-R1 signaling complex (TNF-RSC) following [...] (1072 aa)
SAMD12Sterile alpha motif domain containing 12. (201 aa)
GNAI2Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta- adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division. (355 aa)
GRAMD2AGRAM domain-containing protein 2A; Participates in the organization of endoplasmic reticulum- plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS) with pleiotropic functions including STIM1 recruitment and calcium homeostasis. Constitutive tether that co-localize with ESYT2/3 tethers at endoplasmic reticulum- plasma membrane contact sites in a phosphatidylinositol lipid-dependent manner. Pre-marks the subset of phosphtidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PI(4,5)P2)-enriched EPCS destined for the store operated calcium entry pathway (SOCE). (354 aa)
PTPN7Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 7; Protein phosphatase that acts preferentially on tyrosine- phosphorylated MAPK1. Plays a role in the regulation of T and B- lymphocyte development and signal transduction. Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class subfamily. (465 aa)
ASPSCR1Tether containing UBX domain for GLUT4; Tethering protein that sequesters GLUT4-containing vesicles in the cytoplasm in the absence of insulin. Modulates the amount of GLUT4 that is available at the cell surface (By similarity). Enhances VCP methylation catalyzed by VCPKMT. (647 aa)
GNB2Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa)
GNG8Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (70 aa)
LRRK2Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which phosphorylates a broad range of proteins involved in multiple processes such as neuronal plasticity, autophagy, and vesicle trafficking. Is a key regulator of RAB GTPases by regulating the GTP/GDP exchange and interaction partners of RABs through phosphorylation. Phosphorylates RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C, RAB3D, RAB5A, RAB5B, RAB5C, RAB8A, RAB8B, RAB10, RAB12, RAB35, and RAB43. Regulates the RAB3IP-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange for RAB8A through the phosphorylation of 'Thr-72' on RAB8A. Inhibits the inte [...] (2527 aa)
GEMGTP-binding protein GEM; Could be a regulatory protein, possibly participating in receptor-mediated signal transduction at the plasma membrane. Has guanine nucleotide-binding activity but undetectable intrinsic GTPase activity. (296 aa)
CHMP4CCharged multivesicular body protein 4c; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential functio [...] (233 aa)
CYTH3Cytohesin-3; Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and ARF6. Promotes the activation of ARF factors through replacement of GDP with GTP. Plays a role in the epithelial polarization (By similarity). (399 aa)
GNG3Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (75 aa)
ALOX15Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase; Non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase that catalyzes the stereo-specific peroxidation of free and esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids generating a spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators. Converts arachidonic acid into 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/12- HPETE and 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/15-HPETE. Also converts linoleic acid to 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid. May also act on (12S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/(12S)-HPETE to produce hepoxilin A3. Probably plays an important role in the immune and inflammatory responses. Through the o [...] (662 aa)
SPPL3Signal peptide peptidase-like 3; Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane protein substrates in or close to their luminal transmembrane domain boundaries. Acts like a sheddase by mediating the proteolytic release and secretion of active site-containing ectodomains of glycan-modifiying glycosidase and glycosyltransferase enzymes such as MGAT5, B4GAT1 and B4GALT1. Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the envelope glycoprotein gp130 and/or the leader peptide gp18LP of the simian foamy virus independent of prior ectodomain shedding by furin or furi [...] (384 aa)
KITMast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis. In response to KITLG/SCF binding, KIT can activate several signaling pathways. Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, SH2B2/APS and CBL. Activates the AKT1 signaling pathway by phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Activat [...] (976 aa)
TIAM1T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1; Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP- dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Activates RAC1, CDC42, and to a lesser extent RHOA. Required for normal cell adhesion and cell migration. (1591 aa)
GNAQGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Regulates B-cell selection and survival and is required to prevent B-cell-dependent autoimmunity. Regulates chemotaxis of BM- derived neutrophils and dendritic cells (in vitro) (By similarity). Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily. (359 aa)
FRMD1FERM domain containing 1. (549 aa)
FERTyrosine-protein kinase Fer; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts downstream of cell surface receptors for growth factors and plays a role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, microtubule assembly, lamellipodia formation, cell adhesion, cell migration and chemotaxis. Acts downstream of EGFR, KIT, PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Acts downstream of EGFR to promote activation of NF- kappa-B and cell proliferation. May play a role in the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle. Plays a role in the insulin receptor signaling pathway and in activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Acts downstream o [...] (822 aa)
CDK16Cyclin-dependent kinase 16; Protein kinase that plays a role in vesicle-mediated transport processes and exocytosis. Regulates GH1 release by brain neurons. Phosphorylates NSF, and thereby regulates NSF oligomerization. Required for normal spermatogenesis. Regulates neuron differentiation and dendrite development (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to changes in blood glucose levels. Can phosphorylate CCNY at 'Ser-336' (in vitro). (570 aa)
GNA12Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF12/LARG). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (By similarity). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling also regulates protein phosphatese 2A activation causing dephosphorylation of its target proteins. Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK sign [...] (381 aa)
STACSH3 and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein; Promotes expression of the ion channel CACNA1H at the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to the regulation of channel activity. Plays a minor and redundant role in promoting the expression of calcium channel CACNA1S at the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to increased channel activity. Slows down the inactivation rate of the calcium channel CACNA1C. (402 aa)
RAB5ARas-related protein Rab-5A; Small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Active GTP-bound form is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. RAB5A is required for the fusion of plasma membranes and early endosomes. Contributes to the regulati [...] (215 aa)
ACP1Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase; Acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-MW aryl phosphates and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates. Isoform 3 does not possess phosphatase activity. (158 aa)
IQGAP1Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1; Plays a crucial role in regulating the dynamics and assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to activated CDC42 but does not stimulate its GTPase activity. It associates with calmodulin. Could serve as an assembly scaffold for the organization of a multimolecular complex that would interface incoming signals to the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton at the plasma membrane. May promote neurite outgrowth. May play a possible role in cell cycle regulation by contributing to cell cycle progression after DNA replication arrest. (1657 aa)
MYZAPMyocardial zonula adherens protein; Plays a role in cellular signaling via Rho-related GTP- binding proteins and subsequent activation of transcription factor SRF (By similarity). Targets TJP1 to cell junctions. In cortical neurons, may play a role in glutaminergic signal transduction through interaction with the NMDA receptor subunit GRIN1 (By similarity). Belongs to the MYZAP family. (466 aa)
ESYT1Extended synaptotagmin-1; Binds glycerophospholipids in a barrel-like domain and may play a role in cellular lipid transport (By similarity). Binds calcium (via the C2 domains) and translocates to sites of contact between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane in response to increased cytosolic calcium levels. Helps tether the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane and promotes the formation of appositions between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane; Belongs to the extended synaptotagmin family. (1114 aa)
ANK1Ankyrin-1; Attaches integral membrane proteins to cytoskeletal elements; binds to the erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2, to Na-K ATPase, to the lymphocyte membrane protein GP85, and to the cytoskeletal proteins fodrin, tubulin, vimentin and desmin. Erythrocyte ankyrins also link spectrin (beta chain) to the cytoplasmic domain of the erythrocytes anion exchange protein; they retain most or all of these binding functions. (1897 aa)
ZAP70Tyrosine-protein kinase ZAP-70; Tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulation of the adaptive immune response. Regulates motility, adhesion and cytokine expression of mature T-cells, as well as thymocyte development. Contributes also to the development and activation of primary B- lymphocytes. When antigen presenting cells (APC) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), a serie of phosphorylations lead to the recruitment of ZAP70 to the doubly phosphorylated TCR component CD247/CD3Z through ITAM motif at the plasma membrane. This recruitment serves to localization to the stimulated [...] (619 aa)
PTPN4Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4; Phosphatase that plays a role in immunity, learning, synaptic plasticity or cell homeostasis. Regulates neuronal cell homeostasis by protecting neurons against apoptosis. Negatively regulates TLR4-induced interferon beta production by dephosphorylating adapter TICAM2 and inhibiting subsequent TRAM-TRIF interaction. Dephosphorylates also the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs/ITAMs of the TCR zeta subunit and thereby negatively regulates TCR-mediated signaling pathway (By similarity). May act at junctions between the membran [...] (926 aa)
PLEKHA4Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 4; Binds specifically to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P), but not to other phosphoinositides. (779 aa)
GNA15Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-15; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (374 aa)
MAP2K2Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2; Catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in MAP kinases. Activates the ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases (By similarity). Activates BRAF in a KSR1 or KSR2-dependent manner; by binding to KSR1 or KSR2 releases the inhibitory intramolecular interaction between KSR1 or KSR2 protein kinase and N-terminal domains which promotes KSR1 or KSR2-BRAF dimerization and BRAF activation. (400 aa)
GNAO1Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(o) protein function is not clear. Stimulated by RGS14; Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily. (354 aa)
SLC4A1Band 3 anion transport protein; Functions both as a transporter that mediates electroneutral anion exchange across the cell membrane and as a structural protein. Major integral membrane glycoprotein of the erythrocyte membrane; required for normal flexibility and stability of the erythrocyte membrane and for normal erythrocyte shape via the interactions of its cytoplasmic domain with cytoskeletal proteins, glycolytic enzymes, and hemoglobin. Functions as a transporter that mediates the 1:1 exchange of inorganic anions across the erythrocyte membrane. Mediates chloride- bicarbonate exch [...] (911 aa)
SPPL2ASignal peptide peptidase-like 2A; Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. Functions in FASLG, ITM2B and TNF processing. Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the anchored fragment of shed TNF-alpha (TNF), which promotes the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) for signaling to the nucleus. Also responsible for the intramembrane cleavage of Fas antigen ligand FASLG, which promotes the release of the intracellular FasL domain (FasL ICD). May play a role in the regulation of innate and [...] (520 aa)
GNB5Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5; Enhances GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity of regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins, hence involved in the termination of the signaling initiated by the G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) by accelerating the GTP hydrolysis on the G-alpha subunits, thereby promoting their inactivation (Probable). Increases RGS9 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity, hence contributes to the deactivation of G protein signaling initiated by D(2) dopamine receptors. May play an important role in neuronal signaling, including in the par [...] (395 aa)
CDH1Cadherin-1; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. CDH1 is involved in mechanisms regulating cell-cell adhesions, mobility and proliferation of epithelial cells. Has a potent invasive suppressor role. It is a ligand for integrin alpha-E/beta-7. (Microbial infection) Serves as a receptor for Listeria monocytogenes; internalin A (InlA) binds to this protein and promotes uptake of the bacteria. (882 aa)
TRAF5TNF receptor-associated factor 5; Adapter protein and signal transducer that links members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family to different signaling pathways by association with the receptor cytoplasmic domain and kinases. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B and probably JNK. Seems to be involved in apoptosis. Plays a role in mediating activation of NF- kappa-B by EIF2AK2/PKR. (557 aa)
RAB21Ras-related protein Rab-21; Regulates integrin internalization and recycling, but does not influence the traffic of endosomally translocated receptors in general (By similarity). As a result, may regulate cell adhesion and migration (By similarity). During the mitosis of adherent cells, controls the endosomal trafficking of integrins which is required for the successful completion of cytokinesis. Involved in neurite growth (By similarity). Following SBF2/MTMT13-mediated activation in response to starvation-induced autophagy, binds to and regulates SNARE protein VAMP8 endolysosomal tran [...] (225 aa)
BLKTyrosine-protein kinase Blk; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in B-lymphocyte development, differentiation and signaling (By similarity). B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling requires a tight regulation of several protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, and associated coreceptors (By similarity). Binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signaling that ultimately leads to B-cell activation (By similarity). Signaling through BLK plays an important role in transmitting signals through surface immunoglobulins and supports the pro-B to pre-B transition, as well as [...] (505 aa)
RGS8Regulator of G-protein signaling 8; Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades, including signaling via muscarinic acetylcholine receptor CHRM2 and dopamine receptor DRD2 (By similarity). Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Modulates the activity of potassium channels that are activated in response to DRD2 and CHRM2 signaling (By similarity). (198 aa)
HTRA2Serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial; Serine protease that shows proteolytic activity against a non-specific substrate beta-casein. Promotes or induces cell death either by direct binding to and inhibition of BIRC proteins (also called inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, IAPs), leading to an increase in caspase activity, or by a BIRC inhibition-independent, caspase- independent and serine protease activity-dependent mechanism. Cleaves THAP5 and promotes its degradation during apoptosis. Isoform 2 seems to be proteolytically inactive; Belongs to the peptidase S1C family. (458 aa)
DSG1Desmoglein-1; Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. (1049 aa)
KRASGTPase KRas, N-terminally processed; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Plays a role in promoting oncogenic events by inducing transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in a ZNF304-dependent manner. (189 aa)
SNAP25Synaptosomal-associated protein 25; t-SNARE involved in the molecular regulation of neurotransmitter release. May play an important role in the synaptic function of specific neuronal systems. Associates with proteins involved in vesicle docking and membrane fusion. Regulates plasma membrane recycling through its interaction with CENPF. Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 in pancreatic beta cells. Belongs to the SNAP-25 family. (206 aa)
GFAPGlial fibrillary acidic protein; GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells. (472 aa)
GNAT2Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Transducin is an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP- phosphodiesterase. (354 aa)
GNGT1Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (74 aa)
GNG11Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (73 aa)
GNG13Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (67 aa)
TRAF2TNF receptor-associated factor 2; Regulates activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK and plays a central role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. Required for normal antibody isotype switching from IgM to IgG. Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and promotes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, such as BIRC3, RIPK1 and TICAM1. Is an essential constituent of several E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, where it promotes the ubiquitination of target proteins by bringing them into contact with other E3 ubiquitin ligases. Regulates BIRC2 and BIRC3 protein levels [...] (501 aa)
PKD2Polycystin-2; Component of a heteromeric calcium-permeable ion channel formed by PKD1 and PKD2 that is activated by interaction between PKD1 and a Wnt family member, such as WNT3A and WNT9B. Can also form a functional, homotetrameric ion channel. Functions as a cation channel involved in fluid-flow mechanosensation by the primary cilium in renal epithelium. Functions as outward-rectifying K(+) channel, but is also permeable to Ca(2+), and to a much lesser degree also to Na(+). May contribute to the release of Ca(2+) stores from the endoplasmic reticulum. Together with TRPV4, forms mech [...] (968 aa)
RGS2Regulator of G-protein signaling 2; Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP- bound form. It is involved in the negative regulation of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway. Plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure in response to signaling via G protein-coupled receptors and GNAQ. Plays a role in regulating the constriction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle (By similarity). Binds EIF2B5 and blocks its activity, the [...] (211 aa)
GNB4Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa)
GNAT1Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1; Functions as signal transducer for the rod photoreceptor RHO. Required for normal RHO-mediated light perception by the retina. Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the photoreceptor RHO. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP- bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Activated RHO promotes GDP release and GTP binding. Signaling is mediated via downstream effector proteins, [...] (350 aa)
GNB3Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa)
CAV2Caveolin-2; May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. Interacts directly with G-protein alpha subunits and can functionally regulate their activity. Acts as an accessory protein in conjunction with CAV1 in targeting to lipid rafts and driving caveolae formation. The Ser-36 phosphorylated form has a role in modulating mitosis in endothelial cells. Positive regulator of cellular mitogenesis of the MAPK signaling pathway. Required for the insulin-stimulated nuclear translocation and activation of MAPK1 and STAT3, and the subsequent regulation of cell cycle progression (B [...] (162 aa)
CHMP4BCharged multivesicular body protein 4b; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential functio [...] (224 aa)
SRMSTyrosine-protein kinase Srms; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which phosphorylates DOK1 on tyrosine residues. Also phosphorylates KHDRBS1/SAM68 and VIM on tyrosine residues. Phosphorylation of KHDRBS1 is EGF-dependent. (488 aa)
EEF1A2Elongation factor 1-alpha 2; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. (463 aa)
MYH9Myosin-9; Cellular myosin that appears to play a role in cytokinesis, cell shape, and specialized functions such as secretion and capping. During cell spreading, plays an important role in cytoskeleton reorganization, focal contacts formation (in the margins but not the central part of spreading cells), and lamellipodial retraction; this function is mechanically antagonized by MYH10. (1960 aa)
GNA11Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Acts as an activator of phospholipase C. (359 aa)
STYK1Tyrosine-protein kinase STYK1; Probable tyrosine protein-kinase, which has strong transforming capabilities on a variety of cell lines. When overexpressed, it can also induce tumor cell invasion as well as metastasis in distant organs. May act by activating both MAP kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinases (PI3K) pathways (By similarity). (422 aa)
DIABLODiablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein. (239 aa)
ESYT2Extended synaptotagmin-2; Tethers the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane and promotes the formation of appositions between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane. Binds glycerophospholipids in a barrel-like domain and may play a role in cellular lipid transport. Plays a role in FGF signaling via its role in the rapid internalization of FGFR1 that has been activated by FGF1 binding; this occurs most likely via the AP- 2 complex. (893 aa)
DLG4Disks large homolog 4; Interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of NMDA receptor subunits and shaker-type potassium channels. Required for synaptic plasticity associated with NMDA receptor signaling. Overexpression or depletion of DLG4 changes the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses in hippocampal neurons. May reduce the amplitude of ASIC3 acid-evoked currents by retaining the channel intracellularly. May regulate the intracellular trafficking of ADR1B. Also regulates AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) immobilization at postsynaptic density keeping the channels in an activated stat [...] (767 aa)
PTP4A1Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 1; Protein tyrosine phosphatase which stimulates progression from G1 into S phase during mitosis. May play a role in the development and maintenance of differentiating epithelial tissues. Enhances cell proliferation, cell motility and invasive activity, and promotes cancer metastasis. (173 aa)
GNAI1Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numer [...] (354 aa)
SPTBSpectrin beta chain, erythrocytic; Spectrin is the major constituent of the cytoskeletal network underlying the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It associates with band 4.1 and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. (2328 aa)
SPTA1Spectrin alpha chain, erythrocytic 1; Spectrin is the major constituent of the cytoskeletal network underlying the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It associates with band 4.1 and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. (2419 aa)
GNG14Putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14; G protein subunit gamma 14. (107 aa)
LITAFDLITAF domain-containing protein; LITAF domain containing; Belongs to the CDIP1/LITAF family. (72 aa)
SHANK3SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3; Major scaffold postsynaptic density protein which interacts with multiple proteins and complexes to orchestrate the dendritic spine and synapse formation, maturation and maintenance. Interconnects receptors of the postsynaptic membrane including NMDA-type and metabotropic glutamate receptors via complexes with GKAP/PSD-95 and HOMER, respectively, and the actin-based cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the structural and functional organization of the dendritic spine and synaptic junction through the interaction with Arp2/3 and WAVE1 complex [...] (1724 aa)
FARP1FERM, ARHGEF and pleckstrin domain-containing protein 1; Functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAC1. May play a role in semaphorin signaling. Plays a role in the assembly and disassembly of dendritic filopodia, the formation of dendritic spines, regulation of dendrite length and ultimately the formation of synapses (By similarity). (1076 aa)
AP2B1AP-2 complex subunit beta; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but [...] (951 aa)
GNAZGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (355 aa)
PPP1R9BNeurabin-2; Seems to act as a scaffold protein in multiple signaling pathways. Modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and dendritic spine morphology. Binds to actin filaments (F-actin) and shows cross- linking activity. Binds along the sides of the F-actin. May play an important role in linking the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane at the synaptic junction. Believed to target protein phosphatase 1/PP1 to dendritic spines, which are rich in F-actin, and regulates its specificity toward ion channels and other substrates, such as AMPA-type and NMDA-type glutamate receptors. Pl [...] (817 aa)
SPPL2BSignal peptide peptidase-like 2B; Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. Functions in ITM2B and TNF processing. Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the anchored fragment of shed TNF-alpha (TNF), which promotes the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) for signaling to the nucleus. May play a role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the simian foamy virus processed leader peptide gp18 of the envelope glycoprotein gp130 dependen [...] (592 aa)
LCKTyrosine-protein kinase Lck; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the selection and maturation of developing T-cells in the thymus and in the function of mature T-cells. Plays a key role in T- cell antigen receptor (TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8 surface receptors. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen- bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4 and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, thereby recruiting the associated LCK protein [...] (509 aa)
BIRC2Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2; Multi-functional protein which regulates not only caspases and apoptosis, but also modulates inflammatory signaling and immunity, mitogenic kinase signaling, and cell proliferation, as well as cell invasion and metastasis. Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase regulating NF-kappa-B signaling and regulates both canonical and non- canonical NF-kappa-B signaling by acting in opposite directions: acts as a positive regulator of the canonical pathway and suppresses constitutive activation of non-canonical NF-kappa-B signaling. The target protein [...] (618 aa)
CHMP4ACharged multivesicular body protein 4a; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential functio [...] (265 aa)
FRKTyrosine-protein kinase FRK; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that negatively regulates cell proliferation. Positively regulates PTEN protein stability through phosphorylation of PTEN on 'Tyr-336', which in turn prevents its ubiquitination and degradation, possibly by reducing its binding to NEDD4. May function as a tumor suppressor. (505 aa)
KXD1KxDL motif-containing protein 1; As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor. May be involved in the biogenesis of lysosome- related organelles such as melanosomes (By similarity). Belongs to the KXD1 family. (176 aa)
RPS28Ribosomal protein S28; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS28 family. (69 aa)
AP2S1AP-2 complex subunit sigma; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein Transport via Transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold bu [...] (158 aa)
GCOM1GRINL1A combined protein 15; GRINL1A complex locus 1. (765 aa)
RPL2760S ribosomal protein L27; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Required for proper rRNA processing and maturation of 28S and 5.8S rRNAs. (136 aa)
MIEN1Migration and invasion enhancer 1; Increases cell migration by inducing filopodia formation at the leading edge of migrating cells. Plays a role in regulation of apoptosis, possibly through control of CASP3. May be involved in a redox-related process; Belongs to the SelWTH family. (116 aa)
YES1Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes; Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell growth and survival, apoptosis, cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, and differentiation. Stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including EGRF, PDGFR, CSF1R and FGFR leads to recruitment of YES1 to the phosphorylated receptor, and activation and phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Upon EGFR activation, promotes the phosphorylation of PARD3 to favor epithelial tight junction assembly. Participates in the phosphorylation of specific junctional components su [...] (543 aa)
TNK1Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TNK1; Involved in negative regulation of cell growth. Has tumor suppressor properties. Plays a negative regulatory role in the Ras-MAPK pathway. May function in signaling pathways utilized broadly during fetal development and more selectively in adult tissues and in cells of the lymphohematopoietic system. Could specifically be involved in phospholipid signal transduction; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. (666 aa)
LITAFLipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor; Plays a role in endosomal protein trafficking and in targeting proteins for lysosomal degradation. Plays a role in targeting endocytosed EGFR and ERGG3 for lysosomal degradation, and thereby helps downregulate downstream signaling cascades. Helps recruit the ESCRT complex components TSG101, HGS and STAM to cytoplasmic membranes. Probably plays a role in regulating protein degradation via its interaction with NEDD4. May also contribute to the regulation of gene expression in the nucleus. Binds DNA (in vitro) and may play a s [...] (161 aa)
AKT1RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (480 aa)
BLOC1S1Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 1; Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movemen [...] (153 aa)
PTK6Protein-tyrosine kinase 6; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase implicated in the regulation of a variety of signaling pathways that control the differentiation and maintenance of normal epithelia, as well as tumor growth. Function seems to be context dependent and differ depending on cell type, as well as its intracellular localization. A number of potential nuclear and cytoplasmic substrates have been identified. These include the RNA-binding proteins: KHDRBS1/SAM68, KHDRBS2/SLM1, KHDRBS3/SLM2 and SFPQ/PSF; transcription factors: STAT3 and STAT5A/B and a variety of signaling molecule [...] (451 aa)
GRAMD1AProtein Aster-A; Cholesterol transporter that mediates non-vesicular transport of cholesterol from the plasma membrane (PM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (By similarity). Contains unique domains for binding cholesterol and the PM, thereby serving as a molecular bridge for the transfer of cholesterol from the PM to the ER (By similarity). Plays a crucial role in cholesterol homeostasis and has the unique ability to localize to the PM based on the level of membrane cholesterol (By similarity). In lipid-poor conditions localizes to the ER membrane and in response to excess cholesterol [...] (724 aa)
MCF2LGuanine nucleotide exchange factor DBS; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on RHOA and CDC42, and thereby contributes to the regulation of RHOA and CDC42 signaling pathways (By similarity). Seems to lack activity with RAC1. Becomes activated and highly tumorigenic by truncation of the N-terminus (By similarity). Isoform 5 activates CDC42. (1125 aa)
CACNB4Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4; The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation, modulating G protein inhibition and controlling the alpha-1 subunit membrane targeting. (520 aa)
TRAF6TNF receptor-associated factor 6; E3 ubiquitin ligase that, together with UBE2N and UBE2V1, mediates the synthesis of 'Lys-63'-linked-polyubiquitin chains conjugated to proteins, such as IKBKG, IRAK1, AKT1 and AKT2. Also mediates ubiquitination of free/unanchored polyubiquitin chain that leads to MAP3K7 activation. Leads to the activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN. May be essential for the formation of functional osteoclasts. Seems to also play a role in dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and/or activation. Represses c-Myb-mediated transactivation, in B-lymphocytes. Adapter protein that seem [...] (522 aa)
IKBKBInhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation. Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated [...] (756 aa)
LYNTyrosine-protein kinase Lyn; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that transmits signals from cell surface receptors and plays an important role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, hematopoiesis, responses to growth factors and cytokines, integrin signaling, but also responses to DNA damage and genotoxic agents. Functions primarily as negative regulator, but can also function as activator, depending on the context. Required for the initiation of the B-cell response, but also for its down-regulation and termination. Plays an important role in the regulation of B-c [...] (512 aa)
BORCS8BLOC-1-related complex subunit 8; As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor. (119 aa)
GNGT2Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (69 aa)
KCNAB1Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-1; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Modulates action potentials via its effect on the pore-forming alpha subunits (By similarity). Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity (By similarity). Mediates closure of delayed rectifier potassium channels by physically obstructing the pore via its N-terminal domain and increases the speed of channel closure for other family members. Promotes the clos [...] (419 aa)
KCNIP1Kv channel-interacting protein 1; Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. Regulates channel density, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner. In vitro, modulates KCND1/Kv4.1 and KCND2/Kv4.2 currents. Increases the presence of KCND2 at the cell surface. Belongs to the recoverin family. (241 aa)
PTPRCReceptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C; Protein tyrosine-protein phosphatase required for T-cell activation through the antigen receptor. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation upon binding to DPP4. The first PTPase domain has enzymatic activity, while the second one seems to affect the substrate specificity of the first one. Upon T-cell activation, recruits and dephosphorylates SKAP1 and FYN. Dephosphorylates LYN, and thereby modulates LYN activity (By similarity); Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 1/6 subfamily. (1306 aa)
EPM2AIP1EPM2A interacting protein 1. (607 aa)
RACGAP1Rac GTPase-activating protein 1; Component of the centralspindlin complex that serves as a microtubule-dependent and Rho-mediated signaling required for the myosin contractile ring formation during the cell cycle cytokinesis. Required for proper attachment of the midbody to the cell membrane during cytokinesis. Plays key roles in controlling cell growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells through mechanisms other than regulating Rac GTPase activity. Also involved in the regulation of growth-related processes in adipocytes and myoblasts. May be involved in regulating spermatogene [...] (632 aa)
AP2M1AP-2 complex subunit mu; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but i [...] (460 aa)
GNA13Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF1/p115RhoGEF, ARHGEF11/PDZ-RhoGEF and ARHGEF12/LARG). GNA13-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (By similarity). Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho a [...] (377 aa)
RHOATransforming protein RhoA; Small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. Mainly associated with cytoskeleton organization, in active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration and cell cycle. Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essent [...] (193 aa)
GNG4Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (75 aa)
DIABLO-2Diablo homolog, mitochondrial; Promotes apoptosis by activating caspases in the cytochrome c/Apaf-1/caspase-9 pathway. Acts by opposing the inhibitory activity of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP). Inhibits the activity of BIRC6/bruce by inhibiting its binding to caspases. Isoform 3 attenuates the stability and apoptosis-inhibiting activity of XIAP/BIRC4 by promoting XIAP/BIRC4 ubiquitination and degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Isoform 3 also disrupts XIAP/BIRC4 interacting with processed caspase-9 and promotes caspase-3 activation. Isoform 1 is defective in t [...] (239 aa)
ATP2C2Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium. (975 aa)
SLASrc-like-adapter; Adapter protein, which negatively regulates T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Inhibits T-cell antigen-receptor induced activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells. Involved in the negative regulation of positive selection and mitosis of T-cells. May act by linking signaling proteins such as ZAP70 with CBL, leading to a CBL dependent degradation of signaling proteins. (316 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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