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IL17A | Interleukin-17A; Ligand for IL17RA and IL17RC. The heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17F is a ligand for the heterodimeric complex formed by IL17RA and IL17RC. Involved in inducing stromal cells to produce proinflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines ; Belongs to the IL-17 family. (155 aa) | ||||
CXCL1 | Growth-regulated alpha protein; Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exerts its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion. In vitro, the processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO- alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) show a 30-fold higher chemotactic activity. (107 aa) | ||||
IL4R | Soluble interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha; Receptor for both interleukin 4 and interleukin 13. Couples to the JAK1/2/3-STAT6 pathway. The IL4 response is involved in promoting Th2 differentiation. The IL4/IL13 responses are involved in regulating IgE production and, chemokine and mucus production at sites of allergic inflammation. In certain cell types, can signal through activation of insulin receptor substrates, IRS1/IRS2. (825 aa) | ||||
IL15RA | Soluble interleukin-15 receptor subunit alpha; High-affinity receptor for interleukin-15. Can signal both in cis and trans where IL15R from one subset of cells presents IL15 to neighboring IL2RG-expressing cells (By similarity). In neutrophils, binds and activates kinase SYK in response to IL15 stimulation. In neutrophils, required for IL15- induced phagocytosis in a SYK-dependent manner. Expression of different isoforms may alter or interfere with signal transduction. [Isoform 6]: Does not bind IL15. [Isoform 8]: Does not bind IL15. (353 aa) | ||||
IL6 | Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasm [...] (212 aa) | ||||
IL1R1 | Interleukin-1 receptor type 1, membrane form; Receptor for IL1A, IL1B and IL1RN. After binding to interleukin-1 associates with the coreceptor IL1RAP to form the high affinity interleukin-1 receptor complex which mediates interleukin-1- dependent activation of NF-kappa-B, MAPK and other pathways. Signaling involves the recruitment of adapter molecules such as TOLLIP, MYD88, and IRAK1 or IRAK2 via the respective TIR domains of the receptor/coreceptor subunits. Binds ligands with comparable affinity and binding of antagonist IL1RN prevents association with IL1RAP to form a signaling comp [...] (569 aa) | ||||
IL18R1 | Interleukin-18 receptor 1; Within the IL18 receptor complex, responsible for the binding of the proinflammatory cytokine IL18, but not IL1A nor IL1B. Involved in IL18-mediated IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. Contributes to IL18-induced cytokine production, either independently of SLC12A3, or as a complex with SLC12A3 (By similarity). (541 aa) | ||||
IL34 | Interleukin-34; Cytokine that promotes the proliferation, survival and differentiation of monocytes and macrophages. Promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, and in the regulation of bone resorption. Signaling via CSF1R and its downstream effectors stimulates phosphorylation of MAPK1/ERK2 AND MAPK3/ERK1; Belongs to the IL-34 family. (242 aa) | ||||
LIFR | Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor; Signal-transducing molecule. May have a common pathway with IL6ST. The soluble form inhibits the biological activity of LIF by blocking its binding to receptors on target cells; Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily. (1097 aa) | ||||
IL5RA | Interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha; This is the receptor for interleukin-5. The alpha chain binds to IL5; Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 5 subfamily. (420 aa) | ||||
IL10 | Interleukin-10; Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro- inflammatory cytokines i [...] (178 aa) | ||||
IL32 | Interleukin-32; Cytokine that may play a role in innate and adaptive immune responses. It induces various cytokines such as TNFA/TNF-alpha and IL8. It activates typical cytokine signal pathways of NF-kappa-B and p38 MAPK. (234 aa) | ||||
JAK3 | Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, or differentiation. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity and plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis during T-cells development. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors sharing the common subunit gamma such as IL2R, IL4R, IL7R, IL9R, IL15R and IL21R. Following ligand binding to cell surface receptors, phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on the cytoplasmic tails o [...] (1124 aa) | ||||
CASP1 | Caspase-1 subunit p10; Thiol protease that cleaves IL-1 beta between an Asp and an Ala, releasing the mature cytokine which is involved in a variety of inflammatory processes. Important for defense against pathogens. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). Can also promote apoptosis. Upon inflammasome activation, during DNA virus infection but not RNA virus challenge, controls antiviral immunity through the cleavage of CGAS, rendering it inactive. In apoptotic cells, cleaves SPHK2 which is released from cells and remains enzymatically active extracell [...] (404 aa) | ||||
IL22 | Interleukin-22; Cytokine that contributes to the inflammatory response in vivo. (179 aa) | ||||
IL11RA | Interleukin-11 receptor subunit alpha; Receptor for interleukin-11. The receptor systems for IL6, LIF, OSM, CNTF, IL11 and CT1 can utilize IL6ST for initiating signal transmission. The IL11/IL11RA/IL6ST complex may be involved in the control of proliferation and/or differentiation of skeletogenic progenitor or other mesenchymal cells. Essential for the normal development of craniofacial bones and teeth. Restricts suture fusion and tooth number. (422 aa) | ||||
IL12RB1 | Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-1; Functions as an interleukin receptor which binds interleukin- 12 with low affinity and is involved in IL12 transduction. Associated with IL12RB2 it forms a functional, high affinity receptor for IL12. Associates also with IL23R to form the interleukin-23 receptor which functions in IL23 signal transduction probably through activation of the Jak-Stat signaling cascade. (662 aa) | ||||
TBL1X | F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1X; F-box-like protein involved in the recruitment of the ubiquitin/19S proteasome complex to nuclear receptor-regulated transcription units. Plays an essential role in transcription activation mediated by nuclear receptors. Probably acts as integral component of corepressor complexes that mediates the recruitment of the 19S proteasome complex, leading to the subsequent proteasomal degradation of transcription repressor complexes, thereby allowing cofactor exchange. (577 aa) | ||||
IL31RA | Interleukin-31 receptor subunit alpha; Associates with OSMR to form the interleukin-31 receptor which activates STAT3 and to a lower extent STAT1 and STAT5. May function in skin immunity. Mediates IL31-induced itch, probably in a manner dependent on cation channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 (By similarity). Positively regulates numbers and cycling status of immature subsets of myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow in vivo and enhances myeloid progenitor cell survival in vitro (By similarity). Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily. (764 aa) | ||||
IL19 | Interleukin-19; May play some important roles in inflammatory responses. Up- regulates IL-6 and TNF-alpha and induces apoptosis (By similarity). (215 aa) | ||||
JAK1 | Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1; Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in the IFN-alpha/beta/gamma signal pathway. Kinase partner for the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor as well as interleukin (IL)-10 receptor. (1154 aa) | ||||
CD4 | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (458 aa) | ||||
OSM | Oncostatin-M; Growth regulator. Inhibits the proliferation of a number of tumor cell lines. Stimulates proliferation of AIDS-KS cells. It regulates cytokine production, including IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF from endothelial cells. Uses both type I OSM receptor (heterodimers composed of LIFR and IL6ST) and type II OSM receptor (heterodimers composed of OSMR and IL6ST). Involved in the maturation of fetal hepatocytes, thereby promoting liver development and regeneration (By similarity). Belongs to the LIF/OSM family. (252 aa) | ||||
EBI3 | Interleukin-27 subunit beta; Associates with IL27 to form the IL-27 interleukin, a heterodimeric cytokine which functions in innate immunity. IL-27 has pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, that can regulate T-helper cell development, suppress T-cell proliferation, stimulate cytotoxic T-cell activity, induce isotype switching in B-cells, and that has diverse effects on innate immune cells. Among its target cells are CD4 T-helper cells which can differentiate in type 1 effector cells (TH1), type 2 effector cells (TH2) and IL17 producing helper T-cells (TH17). It drives rapid clonal exp [...] (229 aa) | ||||
CSF3 | Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors are cytokines that act in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. This CSF induces granulocytes; Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. (207 aa) | ||||
IL2 | Interleukin-2; Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells. (153 aa) | ||||
IL10RA | Interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha; Cell surface receptor for the cytokine IL10 that participates in IL10-mediated anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Upon binding to IL10, induces a conformational change in IL10RB, allowing IL10RB to bind IL10 as well. In turn, the heterotetrameric assembly complex, composed of two subunits of IL10RA and IL10RB, activates the kinases JAK1 and TYK2 that are constitutively associated with IL10RA and IL10RB respectively. These kinases then phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues in the intracellul [...] (578 aa) | ||||
IL26 | Interleukin-26; May play a role in local mechanisms of mucosal immunity and seems to have a proinflammatory function. May play a role in inflammatory bowel disease. Activates STAT1 and STAT3, MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2), JUN and AKT. Induces expression of SOCS3, TNF-alpha and IL-8, secretion of IL-8 and IL-10 and surface expression of ICAM1. Decreases proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. Is inhibited by heparin. (171 aa) | ||||
IFNG | Interferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons; Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family. (166 aa) | ||||
IL4 | Interleukin-4; Participates in at least several B-cell activation processes as well as of other cell types. It is a costimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages (By similarity). Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4 (By [...] (153 aa) | ||||
IL5 | Interleukin-5; Factor that induces terminal differentiation of late- developing B-cells to immunoglobulin secreting cells; Belongs to the IL-5 family. (134 aa) | ||||
IL1RL1 | Interleukin-1 receptor-like 1; Receptor for interleukin-33 (IL-33); signaling requires association of the coreceptor IL1RAP. Its stimulation recruits MYD88, IRAK1, IRAK4, and TRAF6, followed by phosphorylation of MAPK3/ERK1 and/or MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK14, and MAPK8. Possibly involved in helper T- cell function. (556 aa) | ||||
IL17C | Interleukin-17C; Cytokine that plays a crucial role in innate immunity of the epithelium, including to intestinal bacterial pathogens, in an autocrine manner. Stimulates the production of antibacterial peptides and proinflammatory molecules for host defense by signaling through the NF-kappa-B and MAPK pathways. Acts synergically with IL22 in inducing the expression of antibacterial peptides, including S100A8, S100A9, REG3A and REG3G. Synergy is also observed with TNF and IL1B in inducing DEFB2 from keratinocytes. Depending on the type of insult, may have both protective and pathogenic [...] (197 aa) | ||||
IL1RN | Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein; Inhibits the activity of interleukin-1 by binding to receptor IL1R1 and preventing its association with the coreceptor IL1RAP for signaling. Has no interleukin-1 like activity. Binds functional interleukin-1 receptor IL1R1 with greater affinity than decoy receptor IL1R2; however, the physiological relevance of the latter association is unsure. (180 aa) | ||||
IL36A | Interleukin-36 alpha; Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells linked to a pro-inflammatory response. Part of the IL- 36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by acting on keratinocytes, dendritic cells and indirectly on T-cells to drive tissue infiltration, cell maturation and ce [...] (158 aa) | ||||
IL36RN | Interleukin-36 receptor antagonist protein; Inhibits the activity of interleukin-36 (IL36A,IL36B and IL36G) by binding to receptor IL1RL2 and preventing its association with the coreceptor IL1RAP for signaling. Part of the IL-36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor. Proposed to play a role in skin inflammation. May be involved in the innate immune response to fungal pathogens, such as Aspergillus fumigatus. May activate an anti- inflammatory s [...] (155 aa) | ||||
IL36B | Interleukin-36 beta; Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells linked to a pro-inflammatory response. Part of the IL- 36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP. Stimulates production of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in synovial fibrobasts, articular chondrocytes and mature adipocytes. Induces expression of a number of antimicrobial [...] (164 aa) | ||||
IL17B | Interleukin-17B; Stimulates the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL- 1-beta from the monocytic cell line THP-1. (180 aa) | ||||
IL12RB2 | Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-2; Receptor for interleukin-12. This subunit is the signaling component coupling to the JAK2/STAT4 pathway. Promotes the proliferation of T-cells as well as NK cells. Induces the promotion of T-cells towards the Th1 phenotype by strongly enhancing IFN-gamma production. (862 aa) | ||||
IL37 | Interleukin-37; Suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses involved in curbing excessive inflammation. This function requires SMAD3. Suppresses, or reduces, proinflammatory cytokine production, including IL1A and IL6, as well as CCL12, CSF1, CSF2, CXCL13, IL1B, IL23A and IL1RN, but spares anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibits dendritic cell activation; Belongs to the IL-1 family. (218 aa) | ||||
IL1A | Interleukin-1 alpha; Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. (271 aa) | ||||
IL1B | Interleukin-1 beta; Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B- cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Promotes Th17 differentiation of T-cells. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T- helper 1 (Th1) cells. (269 aa) | ||||
IL27RA | Interleukin-27 receptor subunit alpha; Receptor for IL27. Requires IL6ST/gp130 to mediate signal transduction in response to IL27. This signaling system acts through STAT3 and STAT1. Involved in the regulation of Th1-type immune responses. Also appears to be involved in innate defense mechanisms. (636 aa) | ||||
IL7 | Interleukin-7; Hematopoietic growth factor capable of stimulating the proliferation of lymphoid progenitors. It is important for proliferation during certain stages of B-cell maturation. (177 aa) | ||||
IL11 | Interleukin-11; Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocyte progenitor cells and induces megakaryocyte maturation resulting in increased platelet production. Also promotes the proliferation of hepatocytes in response to liver damage. Binding to its receptor formed by IL6ST and either IL11RA1 or IL11RA2 activates a signaling cascade that promotes cell proliferation. Signaling leads to the activation of intracellular protein kinases and the phosphorylation of STAT3. Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. (199 aa) | ||||
STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors. Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Binds to the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes. Activated by IL31 through IL31RA. Acts as a regulator of inflammatory response by regulating differenti [...] (770 aa) | ||||
IL22RA1 | Interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha-1; Component of the receptor for IL20, IL22 and IL24. Component of IL22 receptor formed by IL22RA1 and IL10RB enabling IL22 signaling via JAK/STAT pathways. IL22 also induces activation of MAPK1/MAPK3 and Akt kinases pathways. Component of one of the receptor for IL20 and IL24 formed by IL22RA1 and IL20RB also signaling through STATs activation. Mediates IL24 antiangiogenic activity as well as IL24 inhibitory effect on endothelial cell tube formation and differentiation. (574 aa) | ||||
OSMR | Oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta; Associates with IL31RA to form the IL31 receptor. Binds IL31 to activate STAT3 and possibly STAT1 and STAT5. Capable of transducing OSM-specific signaling events; Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily. (979 aa) | ||||
IL9 | Interleukin-9; Supports IL-2 independent and IL-4 independent growth of helper T-cells; Belongs to the IL-7/IL-9 family. (144 aa) | ||||
CTF1 | Cardiotrophin-1; Induces cardiac myocyte hypertrophy in vitro. Binds to and activates the ILST/gp130 receptor. (201 aa) | ||||
IL18 | Interleukin-18; A proinflammatory cytokine primarily involved in polarized T- helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses (Probable). Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells (Probable). Belongs to the IL-1 family. (193 aa) | ||||
CSF1R | Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for CSF1 and IL34 and plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes. Promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines in response to IL34 and CSF1, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, the regulat [...] (972 aa) | ||||
IL17RB | Interleukin-17 receptor B; Receptor for the proinflammatory cytokines IL17B and IL17E. May play a role in controlling the growth and/or differentiation of hematopoietic cells. (502 aa) | ||||
IL10RB | Interleukin-10 receptor subunit beta; Shared cell surface receptor required for the activation of five class 2 cytokines: IL10, IL22, IL26, IL28, and IFNL1. The IFNLR1/IL10RB dimer is a receptor for the cytokine ligands IFNL2 and IFNL3 and mediates their antiviral activity. The ligand/receptor complex stimulate the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which contribute to the antiviral state. (325 aa) | ||||
STAT5B | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL-induced transcription. Positively regulates hematopoietic/erythroid differentiation. (787 aa) | ||||
IL17RC | Interleukin-17 receptor C; Receptor for IL17A and IL17F homodimers as part of a heterodimeric complex with IL17RA. Receptor for the heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17B as part of a heterodimeric complex with IL17RA. Has also been shown to be the cognate receptor for IL17F and to bind IL17A with high affinity without the need for IL17RA. Activation of IL17RC leads to induction of expression of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines such as CXCL1. [Isoform 6]: Does not bind IL17A or IL17F. [Isoform 8]: Receptor for both IL17A and IL17F. (791 aa) | ||||
CXCL3 | C-X-C motif chemokine 3; Ligand for CXCR2 (By similarity). Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exert its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion. In vitro, the processed form GRO-gamma(5-73) shows a fivefold higher chemotactic activity for neutrophilic granulocytes. (107 aa) | ||||
PPBP | Connective tissue-activating peptide III(1-81); LA-PF4 stimulates DNA synthesis, mitosis, glycolysis, intracellular cAMP accumulation, prostaglandin E2 secretion, and synthesis of hyaluronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycan. It also stimulates the formation and secretion of plasminogen activator by human synovial cells. NAP-2 is a ligand for CXCR1 and CXCR2, and NAP-2, NAP-2(73), NAP-2(74), NAP-2(1-66), and most potent NAP-2(1-63) are chemoattractants and activators for neutrophils. TC-1 and TC-2 are antibacterial proteins, in vitro released from activated platelet alpha-granules. C [...] (128 aa) | ||||
IL15 | Interleukin-15; Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL15 requires interaction of IL15 with components of the IL2 receptor, including IL2RB and probably IL2RG but not IL2RA. In neutrophils, stimulates phagocytosis probably by signaling through the IL15 receptor, composed of the subunits IL15RA, IL2RB and IL2RG, which results in kinase SYK activation ; Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family. (162 aa) | ||||
IL3 | Interleukin-3; Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors are cytokines that act in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. (152 aa) | ||||
CSF2 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells from various lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and erythrocytes. Belongs to the GM-CSF family. (144 aa) | ||||
STAT6 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Involved in IL4/interleukin-4- and IL3/interleukin-3-mediated signaling. (847 aa) | ||||
IL17D | Interleukin-17D; Induces expression of IL6, CXCL8/IL8, and CSF2/GM-CSF from endothelial cells. (202 aa) | ||||
IL16 | Pro-interleukin-16; Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+ T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness. Also induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for CD4. Isoform 3 is involved in cell cycle progression in T-cells. Appears to be involved in transcriptional regulation of SKP2 and is probably part of a transcriptional repression complex on the core promoter of the SKP2 gene. May act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA- binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus maintai [...] (1332 aa) | ||||
IL13 | Interleukin-13; Cytokine. Inhibits inflammatory cytokine production. Synergizes with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis. May be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages (By similarity). (146 aa) | ||||
IL7R | Interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha; Receptor for interleukin-7. Also acts as a receptor for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP); Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 4 subfamily. (459 aa) | ||||
CXCL8 | Interleukin-8; IL-8 is a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells, but not monocytes. It is also involved in neutrophil activation. It is released from several cell types in response to an inflammatory stimulus. IL-8(6-77) has a 5-10-fold higher activity on neutrophil activation, IL-8(5-77) has increased activity on neutrophil activation and IL-8(7-77) has a higher affinity to receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 as compared to IL-8(1-77), respectively. (99 aa) | ||||
CLCF1 | Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1; In complex with CRLF1, forms a heterodimeric neurotropic cytokine that plays a crucial role during neuronal development (Probable). Also stimulates B-cells. Binds to and activates the ILST/gp130 receptor; Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. (225 aa) | ||||
CASP3 | Caspase-3 subunit p12; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage. (277 aa) | ||||
IL1RAP | Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein; Coreceptor for IL1RL2 in the IL-36 signaling system (By similarity). Coreceptor with IL1R1 in the IL-1 signaling system. Associates with IL1R1 bound to IL1B to form the high affinity interleukin-1 receptor complex which mediates interleukin-1-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B and other pathways. Signaling involves the recruitment of adapter molecules such as TOLLIP, MYD88, and IRAK1 or IRAK2 via the respective TIR domains of the receptor/coreceptor subunits. Recruits TOLLIP to the signaling complex. Does not bind to interleukin-1 alone; bindin [...] (687 aa) | ||||
IL20RA | Interleukin-20 receptor subunit alpha; The IL20RA/IL20RB dimer is a receptor for IL19, IL20 and IL24. The IL20RA/IL10RB dimer is a receptor for IL26. (553 aa) | ||||
IL17RA | Interleukin-17 receptor A; Receptor for IL17A. Receptor for IL17F. Binds to IL17A with higher affinity than to IL17F. Binds IL17A and IL17F homodimers as part of a heterodimeric complex with IL17RC. Also binds heterodimers formed by IL17A and IL17F as part of a heterodimeric complex with IL17RC. Receptor for IL17C as part of a heterodimeric complex with IL17RE. Activation of IL17RA leads to induction of expression of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines such as CXCL1, CXCL8/IL8 and IL6. (866 aa) | ||||
IL23R | Interleukin-23 receptor; Associates with IL12RB1 to form the interleukin-23 receptor. Binds IL23 and mediates T-cells, NK cells and possibly certain macrophage/myeloid cells stimulation probably through activation of the Jak-Stat signaling cascade. IL23 functions in innate and adaptive immunity and may participate in acute response to infection in peripheral tissues. IL23 may be responsible for autoimmune inflammatory diseases and be important for tumorigenesis. Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily. (629 aa) | ||||
CSF1 | Processed macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1; Cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes. Promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of bone resorption, and is required for normal bone development. Required for normal male a [...] (554 aa) | ||||
IFNLR1 | Interferon lambda receptor 1; The IFNLR1/IL10RB dimer is a receptor for the cytokine ligands IFNL2 and IFNL3 and mediates their antiviral activity. The ligand/receptor complex stimulate the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which contribute to the antiviral state. Determines the cell type specificity of the lambda interferon action. Shows a more restricted pattern of expression in the epithelial tissues thereby limiting responses to lambda interferons primarily to epithelial cells of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, [...] (520 aa) | ||||
IL3RA | Interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha; This is a receptor for interleukin-3. (378 aa) | ||||
IL20RB | Interleukin-20 receptor subunit beta; The IL20RA/IL20RB dimer is a receptor for IL19, IL20 and IL24. The IL22RA1/IL20RB dimer is a receptor for IL20 and IL24. (311 aa) | ||||
IFNL1 | Interferon lambda-1; Cytokine with antiviral, antitumour and immunomodulatory activities. Plays a critical role in the antiviral host defense, predominantly in the epithelial tissues. Acts as a ligand for the heterodimeric class II cytokine receptor composed of IL10RB and IFNLR1, and receptor engagement leads to the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway resulting in the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which mediate the antiviral state. Has a restricted receptor distribution and therefore restricted targets: is primarily active in epithelial cells and this cell type-sel [...] (200 aa) | ||||
IL1R2 | Interleukin-1 receptor type 2, membrane form; Non-signaling receptor for IL1A, IL1B and IL1RN. Reduces IL1B activities. Serves as a decoy receptor by competetive binding to IL1B and preventing its binding to IL1R1. Also modulates cellular response through non-signaling association with IL1RAP after binding to IL1B. IL1R2 (membrane and secreted forms) preferentially binds IL1B and poorly IL1A and IL1RN. The secreted IL1R2 recruits secreted IL1RAP with high affinity; this complex formation may be the dominant mechanism for neutralization of IL1B by secreted/soluble receptors. (398 aa) | ||||
IFNL2 | Interferon lambda-2; Cytokine with antiviral, antitumour and immunomodulatory activities. Plays a critical role in the antiviral host defense, predominantly in the epithelial tissues. Acts as a ligand for the heterodimeric class II cytokine receptor composed of IL10RB and IFNLR1, and receptor engagement leads to the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway resulting in the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which mediate the antiviral state. Has a restricted receptor distribution and therefore restricted targets: is primarily active in epithelial cells and this cell type-sel [...] (200 aa) | ||||
IL17F | Interleukin-17F; Ligand for IL17RA and IL17RC. The heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17F is a ligand for the heterodimeric complex formed by IL17RA and IL17RC. Involved in stimulating the production of other cytokines such as IL6, IL8 and CSF2, and in regulation of cartilage matrix turnover. Also involved in stimulating the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T-cells and in inhibition of angiogenesis. Plays a role in the induction of neutrophilia in the lungs and in the exacerbation of antigen-induced pulmonary allergic inflammation (By similarity). Belongs to the I [...] (163 aa) | ||||
TSLP | Thymic stromal lymphopoietin; [Isoform 1]: Cytokine that induces the release of T-cell- attracting chemokines from monocytes and, in particular, enhances the maturation of CD11c(+) dendritic cells. Can induce allergic inflammation by directly activating mast cells. (159 aa) | ||||
STAT5A | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Mediates cellular responses to ERBB4. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL- induced transcription. Regulates the expression of milk proteins during lactation. (794 aa) | ||||
TRAF3IP2 | Adapter protein CIKS; Could be involved in the activation of both NF-kappa-B via a NF-kappa-B inhibitor kinase (IKK)-dependent mechanism and stress- activated protein kinase (SAPK)/JNK. (574 aa) | ||||
IL27 | Interleukin-27 subunit alpha; Associates with EBI3 to form the IL-27 interleukin, a heterodimeric cytokine which functions in innate immunity. IL-27 has pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, that can regulate T-helper cell development, suppress T-cell proliferation, stimulate cytotoxic T-cell activity, induce isotype switching in B-cells, and that has diverse effects on innate immune cells. Among its target cells are CD4 T-helper cells which can differentiate in type 1 effector cells (TH1), type 2 effector cells (TH2) and IL17 producing helper T-cells (TH17). It drives rapid clonal ex [...] (243 aa) | ||||
TXLNB | Beta-taxilin; Promotes motor nerve regeneration (By similarity). May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic; Belongs to the taxilin family. (684 aa) | ||||
STAT4 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Involved in IL12 signaling. (748 aa) | ||||
STAT1 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta; Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF [...] (750 aa) | ||||
CNTF | Ciliary neurotrophic factor; CNTF is a survival factor for various neuronal cell types. Seems to prevent the degeneration of motor axons after axotomy. (200 aa) | ||||
IL6R | Interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha; Part of the receptor for interleukin 6. Binds to IL6 with low affinity, but does not transduce a signal. Signal activation necessitate an association with IL6ST. Activation may lead to the regulation of the immune response, acute-phase reactions and hematopoiesis. (468 aa) | ||||
S100A7 | S100 calcium binding protein A7. (101 aa) | ||||
IL13RA1 | Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-1; Binds with low affinity to interleukin-13 (IL13). Together with IL4RA can form a functional receptor for IL13. Also serves as an alternate accessory protein to the common cytokine receptor gamma chain for interleukin-4 (IL4) signaling, but cannot replace the function of IL2RG in allowing enhanced interleukin-2 (IL2) binding activity; Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 5 subfamily. (427 aa) | ||||
TXLNA | Alpha-taxilin; May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic and potentially in calcium-dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells; Belongs to the taxilin family. (546 aa) | ||||
IL31 | Interleukin-31; Activates STAT3 and possibly STAT1 and STAT5 through the IL31 heterodimeric receptor composed of IL31RA and OSMR. May function in skin immunity. Enhances myeloid progenitor cell survival in vitro (By similarity). Induces RETNLA and serum amyloid A protein expression in macrophages (By similarity). (164 aa) | ||||
CNTFR | Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor subunit alpha; Binds to CNTF. The alpha subunit provides the receptor specificity. Receptor for heterodimeric neurotropic cytokine composed of CLCF1/CLC and CRLF1/CLF-1. Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 3 subfamily. (372 aa) | ||||
TXLNG | Gamma-taxilin; May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic. Inhibits ATF4-mediated transcription, possibly by dimerizing with ATF4 to form inactive dimers that cannot bind DNA. May be involved in regulating bone mass density through an ATF4-dependent pathway. May be involved in cell cycle progression. (528 aa) | ||||
IL6ST | Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta; Signal-transducing molecule. The receptor systems for IL6, LIF, OSM, CNTF, IL11, CTF1 and BSF3 can utilize IL6ST for initiating signal transmission. Binding of IL6 to IL6R induces IL6ST homodimerization and formation of a high-affinity receptor complex, which activates Janus kinases. That causes phosphorylation of IL6ST tyrosine residues which in turn activates STAT3. Mediates signals which regulate immune response, hematopoiesis, pain control and bone metabolism (By similarity). Has a role in embryonic development (By similarity). Does not bind IL6 [...] (918 aa) | ||||
IL33 | Interleukin-33 (109-270); Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells. Involved in the maturation of Th2 cells inducing the secretion of T-helper type 2-associated cytokines. Also involved in activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells. Acts as a chemoattractant for Th2 cells, and may function as an 'alarmin', that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury. Belongs to the IL-1 family. Highly divergent. (270 aa) | ||||
CRLF2 | Cytokine receptor-like factor 2; Receptor for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Forms a functional complex with TSLP and IL7R which is capable of stimulating cell proliferation through activation of STAT3 and STAT5. Also activates JAK2 (By similarity). Implicated in the development of the hematopoietic system; Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 5 subfamily. (371 aa) | ||||
JAK2 | Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, differentiation or histone modifications. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors such as growth hormone (GHR), prolactin (PRLR), leptin (LEPR), erythropoietin (EPOR), thrombopoietin (THPO); or type II receptors including IFN-alpha, IFN- beta, IFN-gamma and multiple interleukins. Following ligand-binding to cell surface receptors [...] (1132 aa) | ||||
IL17RE | Interleukin-17 receptor E; Specific functional receptor for IL17C. May be signaling through the NF-kappa-B and MAPK pathways. May require TRAF3IP2 /ACT1 for signaling. May be a crucial regulator in innate immunity to bacterial pathogens. Isoform 2 and isoform 4 may be either cytoplasmic inactive or dominant active forms. Isoform 3 and isoform 5 may act as soluble decoy receptors. (667 aa) | ||||
IL24 | Interleukin-24; Has antiproliferative properties on melanoma cells and may contribute to terminal cell differentiation; Belongs to the IL-10 family. (207 aa) | ||||
IL1F10 | Interleukin-1 family member 10; Cytokine with immunomodulatory activity. Alone, does not induce cytokine production, but reduces IL22 and IL17A production by T- cells in response to heat-killed Candida albicans. Reduces IL36G- induced production of IL8 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Increases IL6 production by dendritic cells stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Ligand for IL-36R/IL1RL2. Belongs to the IL-1 family. (152 aa) |