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TMPRSS6 TMPRSS6 IL6 IL6 HFE HFE TFR2 TFR2 SLC25A37 SLC25A37 HAMP HAMP SLC46A1 SLC46A1 FECH FECH IREB2 IREB2 SLC40A1 SLC40A1 TWSG1 TWSG1 TXNDC9 TXNDC9 STAT3 STAT3 HPX HPX EPAS1 EPAS1 EPO EPO GDF15 GDF15 BMP6 BMP6 STAT5B STAT5B ALB ALB DEFB1 DEFB1 ACO1 ACO1 CYBRD1 CYBRD1 HJV HJV FOXO3 FOXO3 NEO1 NEO1 STAT5A STAT5A HP HP CD163 CD163 MT-CYB MT-CYB ATM ATM SLC39A14 SLC39A14 JAK2 JAK2 TFRC TFRC STEAP3 STEAP3 SLC11A2 SLC11A2
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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TMPRSS6Transmembrane protease serine 6; Serine protease which hydrolyzes a range of proteins including type I collagen, fibronectin and fibrinogen. Can also activate urokinase-type plasminogen activator with low efficiency. May play a specialized role in matrix remodeling processes in liver. Through the cleavage of HJV, a regulator of the expression of the iron absorption-regulating hormone hepicidin/HAMP, plays a role in iron homeostasis. (824 aa)
IL6Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasm [...] (212 aa)
HFEHereditary hemochromatosis protein; Binds to transferrin receptor (TFR) and reduces its affinity for iron-loaded transferrin. (348 aa)
TFR2Transferrin receptor protein 2; Mediates cellular uptake of transferrin-bound iron in a non- iron dependent manner. May be involved in iron metabolism, hepatocyte function and erythrocyte differentiation; Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily. (801 aa)
SLC25A37Mitoferrin-1; Mitochondrial iron transporter that specifically mediates iron uptake in developing erythroid cells, thereby playing an essential role in heme biosynthesis. The iron delivered into the mitochondria, presumably as Fe(2+), is then probably delivered to ferrochelatase to catalyze Fe(2+) incorporation into protoprophyrin IX to make heme (By similarity). (338 aa)
HAMPHepcidin-20; Liver-produced hormone that constitutes the main circulating regulator of iron absorption and distribution across tissues. Acts by promoting endocytosis and degradation of ferroportin, leading to the retention of iron in iron-exporting cells and decreased flow of iron into plasma. Controls the major flows of iron into plasma: absorption of dietary iron in the intestine, recycling of iron by macrophages, which phagocytose old erythrocytes and other cells, and mobilization of stored iron from hepatocytes. Belongs to the hepcidin family. (84 aa)
SLC46A1Proton-coupled folate transporter; Has been shown to act both as an intestinal proton-coupled high-affinity folate transporter and as an intestinal heme transporter which mediates heme uptake from the gut lumen into duodenal epithelial cells. The iron is then released from heme and may be transported into the bloodstream. Dietary heme iron is an important nutritional source of iron. Shows a higher affinity for folate than heme. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. SLC46A family. (459 aa)
FECHFerrochelatase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX; Belongs to the ferrochelatase family. (429 aa)
IREB2Iron-responsive element-binding protein 2; RNA-binding protein that binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES), which are stem-loop structures found in the 5'-UTR of ferritin, and delta aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNAs, and in the 3'-UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA. Binding to the IRE element in ferritin results in the repression of its mRNA translation. Binding of the protein to the transferrin receptor mRNA inhibits the degradation of this otherwise rapidly degraded mRNA. (963 aa)
SLC40A1Solute carrier family 40 member 1; May be involved in iron export from duodenal epithelial cell and also in transfer of iron between maternal and fetal circulation. Mediates iron efflux in the presence of a ferroxidase (hephaestin and/or ceruloplasmin); Belongs to the ferroportin (FP) (TC 2.A.100) family. SLC40A subfamily. (571 aa)
TWSG1Twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1; May be involved in dorsoventral axis formation. Seems to antagonize BMP signaling by forming ternary complexes with CHRD and BMPs, thereby preventing BMPs from binding to their receptors. In addition to the anti-BMP function, also has pro-BMP activity, partly mediated by cleavage and degradation of CHRD, which releases BMPs from ternary complexes. May be an important modulator of BMP-regulated cartilage development and chondrocyte differentiation. May play a role in thymocyte development (By similarity); Belongs to the twisted gastrulation protei [...] (223 aa)
TXNDC9Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 9; Significantly diminishes the chaperonin TCP1 complex ATPase activity, thus negatively impacts protein folding, including that of actin or tubulin. (226 aa)
STAT3Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors. Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Binds to the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes. Activated by IL31 through IL31RA. Acts as a regulator of inflammatory response by regulating differenti [...] (770 aa)
HPXHemopexin; Binds heme and transports it to the liver for breakdown and iron recovery, after which the free hemopexin returns to the circulation. (462 aa)
EPAS1Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1; Transcription factor involved in the induction of oxygen regulated genes. Heterodimerizes with ARNT; heterodimer binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters (By similarity). Regulates the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and seems to be implicated in the development of blood vessels and the tubular system of lung. May also play a role in the formation of the endothelium that gives rise to the blood brain barrier. Potent activator of the Tie-2 tyrosine kinase e [...] (870 aa)
EPOErythropoietin; Hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte proliferation and differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass. Binds to EPOR leading to EPOR dimerization and JAK2 activation thereby activating specific downstream effectors, including STAT1 and STAT3. Belongs to the EPO/TPO family. (193 aa)
GDF15Growth/differentiation factor 15; Regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses. Binds to its receptor, GFRAL, and activates GFRAL- expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which contitutes part of the 'emergency circuit' that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions. On hepatocytes, inhibits growth hormone signaling (By similarity). (308 aa)
BMP6Bone morphogenetic protein 6; Induces cartilage and bone formation. (513 aa)
STAT5BSignal transducer and activator of transcription 5B; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL-induced transcription. Positively regulates hematopoietic/erythroid differentiation. (787 aa)
ALBSerum albumin; Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc. Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific man [...] (609 aa)
DEFB1Beta-defensin 1; Has bactericidal activity. May act as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR6. Positively regulates the sperm motility and bactericidal activity in a CCR6-dependent manner. Binds to CCR6 and triggers Ca2+ mobilization in the sperm which is important for its motility. (68 aa)
ACO1Cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase; Iron sensor. Binds a 4Fe-4S cluster and functions as aconitase when cellular iron levels are high. Functions as mRNA binding protein that regulates uptake, sequestration and utilization of iron when cellular iron levels are low. Binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES) in target mRNA species when iron levels are low. Binding of a 4Fe-4S cluster precludes RNA binding. (889 aa)
CYBRD1Cytochrome b reductase 1; Ferric-chelate reductase that reduces Fe(3+) to Fe(2+). Present at the brush border of duodenal enterocytes where it probably reduces dietary Fe(3+) thereby facilitating its transport into the mucosal cells. Uses ascorbate as electron donor. May be involved in extracellular ascorbate recycling in erythrocyte membranes. May also act as a ferrireductase in airway epithelial cells. (286 aa)
HJVHemojuvelin; Acts as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) coreceptor. Through enhancement of BMP signaling regulates hepcidin (HAMP) expression and regulates iron homeostasis. Belongs to the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family. (426 aa)
FOXO3Forkhead box protein O3; Transcriptional activator that recognizes and binds to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]TAAA[TC]A-3' and regulates different processes, such as apoptosis and autophagy. Acts as a positive regulator of autophagy in skeletal muscle: in starved cells, enters the nucleus following dephosphorylation and binds the promoters of autophagy genes, such as GABARAP1L, MAP1LC3B and ATG12, thereby activating their expression, resulting in proteolysis of skeletal muscle proteins (By similarity). Triggers apoptosis in the absence of survival factors, including neuronal cell death upon [...] (673 aa)
NEO1Neogenin; Multi-functional cell surface receptor regulating cell adhesion in many diverse developmental processes, including neural tube and mammary gland formation, myogenesis and angiogenesis. Receptor for members of the BMP, netrin, and repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) families. Netrin-Neogenin interactions result in a chemoattractive axon guidance response and cell-cell adhesion, the interaction between NEO1/Neogenin and RGMa and RGMb induces a chemorepulsive response. Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. DCC family. (1461 aa)
STAT5ASignal transducer and activator of transcription 5A; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Mediates cellular responses to ERBB4. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL- induced transcription. Regulates the expression of milk proteins during lactation. (794 aa)
HPHaptoglobin alpha chain; As a result of hemolysis, hemoglobin is found to accumulate in the kidney and is secreted in the urine. Haptoglobin captures, and combines with free plasma hemoglobin to allow hepatic recycling of heme iron and to prevent kidney damage. Haptoglobin also acts as an antioxidant, has antibacterial activity, and plays a role in modulating many aspects of the acute phase response. Hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes are rapidly cleared by the macrophage CD163 scavenger receptor expressed on the surface of liver Kupfer cells through an endocytic lysosomal degradation pathway. (406 aa)
CD163Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130; Acute phase-regulated receptor involved in clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. May play a role in the uptake and recycling of iron, via endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin and subsequent breakdown of heme. Binds hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes in a calcium-dependent and pH- dependent manner. Exhibits a higher affinity for complexes of hemoglobin and multimeric haptoglobin of HP*1F phenotype than for complexes o [...] (1156 aa)
MT-CYBCytochrome b; Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex) that is part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The b-c1 complex mediates electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c. Contributes to the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane that is then used for ATP synthesis. (380 aa)
ATMSerine-protein kinase ATM; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]- Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospec [...] (3056 aa)
SLC39A14Zinc transporter ZIP14; Broad-scope metal ion transporter with a preference for zinc uptake. Also mediates cellular uptake of nontransferrin-bound iron. (492 aa)
JAK2Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, differentiation or histone modifications. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors such as growth hormone (GHR), prolactin (PRLR), leptin (LEPR), erythropoietin (EPOR), thrombopoietin (THPO); or type II receptors including IFN-alpha, IFN- beta, IFN-gamma and multiple interleukins. Following ligand-binding to cell surface receptors [...] (1132 aa)
TFRCTransferrin receptor protein 1, serum form; Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes. Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the heditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with tra [...] (760 aa)
STEAP3Metalloreductase STEAP3; Endosomal ferrireductase required for efficient transferrin- dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. Participates in erythroid iron homeostasis by reducing Fe(3+) to Fe(2+). Can also reduce of Cu(2+) to Cu(1+), suggesting that it participates in copper homeostasis. Uses NADP(+) as acceptor. May play a role downstream of p53/TP53 to interface apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Indirectly involved in exosome secretion by facilitating the secretion of proteins such as TCTP. (498 aa)
SLC11A2Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2; Important in metal transport, in particular iron. Can also transport manganese, cobalt, cadmium, nickel, vanadium and lead. Involved in apical iron uptake into duodenal enterocytes. Involved in iron transport from acidified endosomes into the cytoplasm of erythroid precursor cells. May play an important role in hepatic iron accumulation and tissue iron distribution. May serve to import iron into the mitochondria. Belongs to the NRAMP family. (590 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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