L-dopachrome tautomerase; Catalyzes the conversion of L-dopachrome into 5,6- dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Involved in regulating eumelanin and phaeomelanin levels. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Ras-related protein Rab-38; May be involved in melanosomal transport and docking. Involved in the proper sorting of TYRP1. Involved in peripheral melanosomal distribution of TYRP1 in melanocytes; the function, which probably is implicating vesicle-trafficking, includes cooperation with ANKRD27 and VAMP7 (By similarity). Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis. In concert with RAB32, regulates the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzyme [...]

L-dopachrome tautomerase; Catalyzes the conversion of L-dopachrome into 5,6- dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Involved in regulating eumelanin and phaeomelanin levels. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Tyrosinase; This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine. In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

L-dopachrome tautomerase; Catalyzes the conversion of L-dopachrome into 5,6- dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Involved in regulating eumelanin and phaeomelanin levels. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase; Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2- carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not in the presence of Zn(2+). May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesized. Also to a lower extent, capable of hydroxylating tyrosine and producing melanin (By similarity).

Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis.

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis.

Galectin-3; Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of [...]

Gem-associated protein 4; The SMN complex plays a catalyst role in the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Thereby, plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP. In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chapero [...]

Galectin-3; Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of [...]

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 protein; Involved in early stages of melanosome biogenesis and maturation.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein; May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins. Belongs to the HPS5 family.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 protein; Involved in early stages of melanosome biogenesis and maturation.

Ras-related protein Rab-32; Acts as an A-kinase anchoring protein by binding to the type II regulatory subunit of protein kinase A and anchoring it to the mitochondrion. Also involved in synchronization of mitochondrial fission. Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis. In concert with RAB38, regulates the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzymes TYR, TYRP1 and DCT/TYRP2 to melanosomes in melanocytes (By similarity). Belongs to the smal [...]

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 protein; Involved in early stages of melanosome biogenesis and maturation.

Ras-related protein Rab-38; May be involved in melanosomal transport and docking. Involved in the proper sorting of TYRP1. Involved in peripheral melanosomal distribution of TYRP1 in melanocytes; the function, which probably is implicating vesicle-trafficking, includes cooperation with ANKRD27 and VAMP7 (By similarity). Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis. In concert with RAB32, regulates the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzyme [...]

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 protein; Involved in early stages of melanosome biogenesis and maturation.

Tyrosinase; This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine. In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 protein; Involved in early stages of melanosome biogenesis and maturation.

5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase; Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2- carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not in the presence of Zn(2+). May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesized. Also to a lower extent, capable of hydroxylating tyrosine and producing melanin (By similarity).

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein; May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins. Belongs to the HPS5 family.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 3 protein; Involved in early stages of melanosome biogenesis and maturation.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein; May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins. Belongs to the HPS5 family.

Ras-related protein Rab-38; May be involved in melanosomal transport and docking. Involved in the proper sorting of TYRP1. Involved in peripheral melanosomal distribution of TYRP1 in melanocytes; the function, which probably is implicating vesicle-trafficking, includes cooperation with ANKRD27 and VAMP7 (By similarity). Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis. In concert with RAB32, regulates the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzyme [...]

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein; May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins. Belongs to the HPS5 family.

Tyrosinase; This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine. In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein; May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins. Belongs to the HPS5 family.

5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase; Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2- carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not in the presence of Zn(2+). May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesized. Also to a lower extent, capable of hydroxylating tyrosine and producing melanin (By similarity).

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis.

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Galectin-3; Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of [...]

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Tyrosinase; This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine. In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone. Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Galectin-3; Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of [...]

Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis.

Galectin-3; Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of [...]

Gem-associated protein 4; The SMN complex plays a catalyst role in the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Thereby, plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP. In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chapero [...]