STRINGSTRING
BRD4 BRD4 PLK1 PLK1 EEF2 EEF2 PPP2R1B PPP2R1B AURKB AURKB PKM PKM ULK1 ULK1 PPP2R1A PPP2R1A BECN1 BECN1 SGMS1 SGMS1 MTOR MTOR STRN3 STRN3 ARG1 ARG1 MINK1 MINK1 HNRNPA2B1 HNRNPA2B1 H1-0 H1-0 HEATR1 HEATR1 HNRNPA1 HNRNPA1 MAPT MAPT SMAD3 SMAD3 IKZF1 IKZF1 PPP2R2A PPP2R2A PXN PXN PPP2R3A PPP2R3A PIK3CA PIK3CA STRN STRN EP300 EP300 EEF2K EEF2K ARG2 ARG2 PPP2R5A PPP2R5A PPP1R1B PPP1R1B STRIP2 STRIP2 EIF2AK2 EIF2AK2 IFNG IFNG CDKN1B CDKN1B IL2 IL2 TGFB1 TGFB1 PPP2CB PPP2CB PPP2R5B PPP2R5B CD4 CD4 RALA RALA PARP1 PARP1 JUN JUN PTEN PTEN ABL1 ABL1 SET SET SRC SRC IGBP1 IGBP1 MASTL MASTL FOXP3 FOXP3 STK24 STK24 PIK3CD PIK3CD CD274 CD274 JAK2 JAK2 STRN4 STRN4 PPP2R2B PPP2R2B CDK1 CDK1 PDCD1LG2 PDCD1LG2 BCL2 BCL2 XPO1 XPO1 DAPK1 DAPK1 CD8A CD8A CREB1 CREB1 PPP6C PPP6C PPP2R2D PPP2R2D PRKCA PRKCA PPP2R5C PPP2R5C PPP2R5D PPP2R5D PPP2CA PPP2CA BRCA1 BRCA1 PIK3CG PIK3CG MAML3 MAML3 MAML2 MAML2 ACVR1B ACVR1B HNRNPC HNRNPC AKT1 AKT1 ARPP19 ARPP19 MYC MYC HNRNPDL HNRNPDL BECN2 BECN2 LPP LPP RAD51 RAD51 CTNNB1 CTNNB1 CTLA4 CTLA4 IL17A IL17A PIK3CB PIK3CB NKD1 NKD1 TP53 TP53 EGFR EGFR ATM ATM WNT3A WNT3A BUB1B BUB1B KPNB1 KPNB1 MAML1 MAML1 BAX BAX MAP4K2 MAP4K2 CIP2A CIP2A CD28 CD28 NKD2 NKD2 INPPL1 INPPL1
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BRD4Bromodomain-containing protein 4; Chromatin reader protein that recognizes and binds acetylated histones and plays a key role in transmission of epigenetic memory across cell divisions and transcription regulation. Remains associated with acetylated chromatin throughout the entire cell cycle and provides epigenetic memory for postmitotic G1 gene transcription by preserving acetylated chromatin status and maintaining high-order chromatin structure. During interphase, plays a key role in regulating the transcription of signal- inducible genes by associating with the P-TEFb complex and re [...] (1362 aa)
PLK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs several important functions throughout M phase of the cell cycle, including the regulation of centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, the removal of cohesins from chromosome arms, the inactivation of anaphase- promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitors, and the regulation of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Polo-like kinase proteins acts by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates BORA, BUB1B/BUBR1, C [...] (603 aa)
EEF2Elongation factor 2; Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome. (858 aa)
PPP2R1BSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform; The PR65 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A serves as a scaffolding molecule to coordinate the assembly of the catalytic subunit and a variable regulatory B subunit. (667 aa)
AURKBAurora kinase B; Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation. Key component of [...] (345 aa)
PKMPyruvate kinase PKM; Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation. Plays a general role in caspase independent cell death of tumor cells. The ratio between the highly active tetrameric form and nearly inactive dimeric form determines whether glucose carbons are channeled to biosynthetic processes or used for glycolytic ATP production. The transition between the 2 forms contributes to the control of glycolysis and is important for tumor cell proliferation a [...] (531 aa)
ULK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Acts upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PIK3C3 to regulate the formation of autophagophores, the precursors of autophagosomes. Part of regulatory feedback loops in autophagy: acts both as a downstream effector and negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) via interaction with RPTOR. Activated via phosphorylation by AMPK and also acts as a regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation of AMPK subunits PRKAA1, PRKAB2 and PRKAG1, leadi [...] (1050 aa)
PPP2R1ASerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform; The PR65 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A serves as a scaffolding molecule to coordinate the assembly of the catalytic subunit and a variable regulatory B subunit. Upon interaction with GNA12 promotes dephosphorylation of microtubule associated protein TAU/MAPT. Required for proper chromosome segregation and for centromeric localization of SGO1 in mitosis. (589 aa)
BECN1Beclin-1-C 35 kDa; Plays a central role in autophagy. Acts as core subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Essential for the formation of PI3KC3-C2 but not PI3KC3-C1 PI3K complex fo [...] (450 aa)
SGMS1Phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase 1; Sphingomyelin synthases synthesize the sphingolipid, sphingomyelin, through transfer of the phosphatidyl head group, phosphatidylcholine, on to the primary hydroxyl of ceramide. The reaction is bidirectional depending on the respective levels of the sphingolipid and ceramide. Golgi apparatus SMS1 directly and specifically recognizes the choline head group on the substrate, requiring two fatty chains on the choline-P donor molecule in order to be recognized efficiently as a substrate. Major form in macrophages. Required for cell [...] (413 aa)
MTORSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF [...] (2549 aa)
STRN3Striatin-3; Binds calmodulin in a calcium dependent manner. May function as scaffolding or signaling protein. (797 aa)
ARG1Arginase-1; Key element of the urea cycle converting L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, which is further metabolized into metabolites proline and polyamides that drive collagen synthesis and bioenergetic pathways critical for cell proliferation, respectively; the urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys. Belongs to the arginase family. (330 aa)
MINK1Misshapen-like kinase 1; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as a negative regulator of Ras-related Rap2-mediated signal transduction to control neuronal structure and AMPA receptor trafficking. Required for normal synaptic density, dendrite complexity, as well as surface AMPA receptor expression in hippocampal neurons. Can activate the JNK and MAPK14/p38 pathways and mediates stimulation of the stress-activated protein kinase MAPK14/p38 MAPK downstream of the Raf/ERK pathway. Phosphorylates: TANC1 upon stimulation by RAP2A, MBP and SMAD1. Has an essential function in negative selection [...] (1332 aa)
HNRNPA2B1Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1; Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that associates with nascent pre-mRNAs, packaging them into hnRNP particles. The hnRNP particle arrangement on nascent hnRNA is non-random and sequence-dependent and serves to condense and stabilize the transcripts and minimize tangling and knotting. Packaging plays a role in various processes such as transcription, pre-mRNA processing, RNA nuclear export, subcellular location, mRNA translation and stability of mature mRNAs. Forms hnRNP particles with at least 20 other different hnRNP and he [...] (353 aa)
H1-0Histone H1.0, N-terminally processed; Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structures. The histones H1.0 are found in cells that are in terminal stages of differentiation or that have low rates of cell division. (194 aa)
HEATR1HEAT repeat-containing protein 1, N-terminally processed; Ribosome biogenesis factor. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Required for optimal pre-ribosomal RNA transcription by RNA polymerase I; Belongs to the HEATR1/UTP10 family. (2144 aa)
HNRNPA1Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1, N-terminally processed; Involved in the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles, transport of poly(A) mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and may modulate splice site selection. May bind to specific miRNA hairpins. Binds to the IRES and thereby inhibits the translation of the apoptosis protease activating factor APAF1. (Microbial infection) Cleavage by Enterovirus 71 protease 3C results in increased translation of apoptosis protease activating factor APAF1, leading to apoptosis. (372 aa)
MAPTMicrotubule-associated protein tau; Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by TAU/MAPT localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its st [...] (776 aa)
SMAD3Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD3/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. Also can form a SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP- 1/SMAD site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated transcription. Has an inhibitory effect on wound healing probably by modulating both growth and m [...] (425 aa)
IKZF1DNA-binding protein Ikaros; Transcription regulator of hematopoietic cell differentiation. Binds gamma-satellite DNA. Plays a role in the development of lymphocytes, B- and T-cells. Binds and activates the enhancer (delta-A element) of the CD3-delta gene. Repressor of the TDT (fikzfterminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase) gene during thymocyte differentiation. Regulates transcription through association with both HDAC-dependent and HDAC-independent complexes. Targets the 2 chromatin-remodeling complexes, NuRD and BAF (SWI/SNF), in a single complex (PYR complex), to the beta-globin locus i [...] (519 aa)
PPP2R2ASerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. (457 aa)
PXNPaxillin; Cytoskeletal protein involved in actin-membrane attachment at sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (focal adhesion); Belongs to the paxillin family. (605 aa)
PPP2R3ASerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. (1150 aa)
PIK3CAPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to v [...] (1068 aa)
STRNStriatin; Calmodulin-binding protein which may function as scaffolding or signaling protein and may play a role in dendritic Ca(2+) signaling; Belongs to the WD repeat striatin family. (780 aa)
EP300Histone acetyltransferase p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling. Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes. Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation. Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-122' (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-27' (H3K [...] (2414 aa)
EEF2KEukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase; Threonine kinase that regulates protein synthesis by controlling the rate of peptide chain elongation. Upon activation by a variety of upstream kinases including AMPK or TRPM7, phosphorylates the elongation factor EEF2 at a single site, renders it unable to bind ribosomes and thus inactive. In turn, the rate of protein synthesis is reduced. (725 aa)
ARG2Arginase-2, mitochondrial; May play a role in the regulation of extra-urea cycle arginine metabolism and also in down-regulation of nitric oxide synthesis. Extrahepatic arginase functions to regulate L-arginine bioavailability to nitric oxid synthase (NOS). Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Seems to be involved in negative regulation of the survival capacity of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. May suppress inflammation- related signaling in asthmatic airway epithelium. May contribute to the immune evasion of H.pylori by restricting [...] (354 aa)
PPP2R5ASerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. (486 aa)
PPP1R1BProtein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1B; Inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1. (204 aa)
STRIP2Striatin-interacting protein 2; Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the control of cell shape. Belongs to the STRIP family. (834 aa)
EIF2AK2Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase; IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation fac [...] (551 aa)
IFNGInterferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons; Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family. (166 aa)
CDKN1BCyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; Important regulator of cell cycle progression. Inhibits the kinase activity of CDK2 bound to cyclin A, but has little inhibitory activity on CDK2 bound to SPDYA. Involved in G1 arrest. Potent inhibitor of cyclin E- and cyclin A-CDK2 complexes. Forms a complex with cyclin type D-CDK4 complexes and is involved in the assembly, stability, and modulation of CCND1-CDK4 complex activation. Acts either as an inhibitor or an activator of cyclin type D-CDK4 complexes depending on its phosphorylation state and/or stoichometry. Belongs to the CDI family. (198 aa)
IL2Interleukin-2; Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells. (153 aa)
TGFB1Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form fo [...] (390 aa)
PPP2CBSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform; PP2A can modulate the activity of phosphorylase B kinase casein kinase 2, mitogen-stimulated S6 kinase, and MAP-2 kinase. Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily. (309 aa)
PPP2R5BSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform; As the regulatory component of the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme, modulates substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and responsiveness to phosphorylation. The phosphorylated form mediates the interaction between PP2A and AKT1, leading to AKT1 dephosphorylation. (497 aa)
CD4T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (458 aa)
RALARas-related protein Ral-A; Multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and membrane trafficking. Accomplishes its multiple functions by interacting with distinct downstream effectors. Acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles. The RALA-exocyst complex regulates integrin- dependent membrane raft exocytosis and growth signaling. Key regulator of LPAR1 signaling and competes with GRK2 for binding to LPAR1 thus affecting the signaling properties of t [...] (206 aa)
PARP1Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1; Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP- ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair. Mainly mediates glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins: the ADP-D- ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of glutamate and aspartate residues and further ADP-ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units. Mediates the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a number of proteins, including itself, APLF an [...] (1014 aa)
JUNTranscription factor AP-1; Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the enhancer heptamer motif 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation. Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Binds to the USP28 promoter in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Belongs to the bZIP family. Jun subfamily. (331 aa)
PTENPhosphatase and tensin homolog; Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor [...] (403 aa)
ABL1Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many key processes linked to cell growth and survival such as cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, cell motility and adhesion, receptor endocytosis, autophagy, DNA damage response and apoptosis. Coordinates actin remodeling through tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics like WASF3 (involved in branch formation); ANXA1 (involved in membrane anchoring); DBN1, DBNL, CTTN, RAPH1 and ENAH (involved in signaling); or MAPT and PXN (microtubule-bindin [...] (1149 aa)
SETProtein SET; Multitasking protein, involved in apoptosis, transcription, nucleosome assembly and histone chaperoning. Isoform 2 anti-apoptotic activity is mediated by inhibition of the GZMA-activated DNase, NME1. In the course of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-induced apoptosis, GZMA cleaves SET, disrupting its binding to NME1 and releasing NME1 inhibition. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are potent inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 inhibit EP300/CREBBP and PCAF- mediated acetylation of histones (HAT) and nucleosomes, most probably by masking the accessibility of lysi [...] (290 aa)
SRCProto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src; Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase which is activated following engagement of many different classes of cellular receptors including immune response receptors, integrins and other adhesion receptors, receptor protein tyrosine kinases, G protein-coupled receptors as well as cytokine receptors. Participates in signaling pathways that control a diverse spectrum of biological activities including gene transcription, immune response, cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and transformation. Due to functional redundancy bet [...] (536 aa)
IGBP1Immunoglobulin-binding protein 1; Associated to surface IgM-receptor; may be involved in signal transduction. Involved in regulation of the catalytic activity of the phosphatases PP2A, PP4 and PP6 by protecting their partially folded catalytic subunits from degradative polyubiquitination until they associate with regulatory subunits. (339 aa)
MASTLSerine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall; Serine/threonine kinase that plays a key role in M phase by acting as a regulator of mitosis entry and maintenance. Acts by promoting the inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during M phase: does not directly inhibit PP2A but acts by mediating phosphorylation and subsequent activation of ARPP19 and ENSA at 'Ser- 62' and 'Ser-67', respectively. ARPP19 and ENSA are phosphatase inhibitors that specifically inhibit the PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) subunit of PP2A. Inactivation of PP2A during M phase is essential to keep cyclin-B1-CDK1 activity hi [...] (879 aa)
FOXP3Forkhead box protein P3, C-terminally processed; Transcriptional regulator which is crucial for the development and inhibitory function of regulatory T-cells (Treg). Plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system by allowing the acquisition of full suppressive function and stability of the Treg lineage, and by directly modulating the expansion and function of conventional T-cells. Can act either as a transcriptional repressor or a transcriptional activator depending on its interactions with other transcription factors, histone acetylases and deacetylases. The s [...] (431 aa)
STK24Serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 12 kDa subunit; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts on both serine and threonine residues and promotes apoptosis in response to stress stimuli and caspase activation. Mediates oxidative-stress-induced cell death by modulating phosphorylation of JNK1-JNK2 (MAPK8 and MAPK9), p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14) during oxidative stress. Plays a role in a staurosporine-induced caspase-independent apoptotic pathway by regulating the nuclear translocation of AIFM1 and ENDOG and the DNase activity associated with ENDOG. Phosphorylates STK38L on 'Thr [...] (443 aa)
PIK3CDPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Mediates immune responses. Plays a role in B-cell development, proliferation, migration, and function. Required for B-cell recepto [...] (1044 aa)
CD274Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response. Through a yet unknown activating receptor, may costimulate T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10). (290 aa)
JAK2Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, differentiation or histone modifications. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors such as growth hormone (GHR), prolactin (PRLR), leptin (LEPR), erythropoietin (EPOR), thrombopoietin (THPO); or type II receptors including IFN-alpha, IFN- beta, IFN-gamma and multiple interleukins. Following ligand-binding to cell surface receptors [...] (1132 aa)
STRN4Striatin-4; Binds calmodulin in a calcium dependent manner. May function as scaffolding or signaling protein; Belongs to the WD repeat striatin family. (760 aa)
PPP2R2BSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. Within the PP2A holoenzyme complex, isoform 2 is required to promote proapoptotic activity (By similarity). Isoform 2 regulates neuronal survival through the mitochondrial fission and fusion balance (By similarity). (509 aa)
CDK1Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by modulating the centrosome cycle as well as mitotic onset; promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphase cyclins. Required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. Phosphorylates PARVA/actopaxin, APC, AMPH, APC, BARD1, Bcl-xL/BCL2L1, BRCA2, CALD1, CASP8, CDC7, CDC20, CDC25A, CDC25C, CC2D1A, CENPA, CSNK2 proteins/CKII, FZR1/CDH1, CDK7, CEBPB, CHAMP1, DMD/dystrophin, EEF1 proteins/EF-1, EZH2, KIF11/EG5, EGFR, FANCG, FOS, G [...] (297 aa)
PDCD1LG2Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2; Involved in the costimulatory signal, essential for T-cell proliferation and IFNG production in a PDCD1-independent manner. Interaction with PDCD1 inhibits T-cell proliferation by blocking cell cycle progression and cytokine production (By similarity). (273 aa)
BCL2Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release. (239 aa)
XPO1Exportin-1; Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase RAN in its active GTP-bound form (Ran-GTP). Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the ca [...] (1071 aa)
DAPK1Death-associated protein kinase 1; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase involved in multiple cellular signaling pathways that trigger cell survival, apoptosis, and autophagy. Regulates both type I apoptotic and type II autophagic cell deaths signal, depending on the cellular setting. The former is caspase-dependent, while the latter is caspase-independent and is characterized by the accumulation of autophagic vesicles. Phosphorylates PIN1 resulting in inhibition of its catalytic activity, nuclear localization, and cellular function. Phosphorylates TPM1, enhancing stress [...] (1430 aa)
CD8AT-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class I molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins while class II derived from extracellular proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class I proteins presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Sr [...] (235 aa)
CREB1Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1; Phosphorylation-dependent transcription factor that stimulates transcription upon binding to the DNA cAMP response element (CRE), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Transcription activation is enhanced by the TORC coactivators which act independently of Ser-133 phosphorylation. Involved in different cellular processes including the synchronization of circadian rhythmicity and the differentiation of adipose cells; Belongs to the bZIP family. (341 aa)
PPP6CSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 catalytic subunit, N-terminally processed; Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6). PP6 is a component of a signaling pathway regulating cell cycle progression in response to IL2 receptor stimulation. N-terminal domain restricts G1 to S phase progression in cancer cells, in part through control of cyclin D1. During mitosis, regulates spindle positioning. Downregulates MAP3K7 kinase activation of the IL1 signaling pathway by dephosphorylation of MAP3K7. Participates also in the innate immune defense against viruses by desphosphorylating RI [...] (342 aa)
PPP2R2DSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform; B regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that plays a key role in cell cycle by controlling mitosis entry and exit. The activity of PP2A complexes containing PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) fluctuate during the cell cycle: the activity is high in interphase and low in mitosis. During mitosis, activity of PP2A is inhibited via interaction with phosphorylated ENSA and ARPP19 inhibitors. Within the PP2A complexes, the B regulatory subunits modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also ma [...] (453 aa)
PRKCAProtein kinase C alpha type; Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)- dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration and adhesion, tumorigenesis, cardiac hypertrophy, angiogenesis, platelet function and inflammation, by directly phosphorylating targets such as RAF1, BCL2, CSPG4, TNNT2/CTNT, or activating signaling cascade involving MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and RAP1GAP. Involved in cell proliferation and cell growth arrest by positive and negative regulation of the cell [...] (672 aa)
PPP2R5CSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. The PP2A- PPP2R5C holoenzyme may specifically dephosphorylate and activate TP53 and play a role in DNA damage-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. PP2A-PPP2R5C may also regulate the ERK signaling pathway through ERK dephosphorylation. (555 aa)
PPP2R5DSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment; Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56 family. (602 aa)
PPP2CASerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform; PP2A is the major phosphatase for microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). PP2A can modulate the activity of phosphorylase B kinase casein kinase 2, mitogen-stimulated S6 kinase, and MAP-2 kinase. Cooperates with SGO2 to protect centromeric cohesin from separase- mediated cleavage in oocytes specifically during meiosis I (By similarity). Can dephosphorylate SV40 large T antigen and p53/TP53. Activates RAF1 by dephosphorylating it at 'Ser-259'. (309 aa)
BRCA1Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair by facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage. It is unclear whether it also mediates the formation of other types of polyubiquitin chains. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is required for its tumor suppressor function. The BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain genomic [...] (1884 aa)
PIK3CGPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Links G-protein coupled receptor activation to PIP3 production. Involved in immune, inflammatory and allergic responses. Modulates [...] (1102 aa)
MAML3Mastermind-like protein 3; Acts as a transcriptional coactivator for NOTCH proteins. Has been shown to amplify NOTCH-induced transcription of HES1. Belongs to the mastermind family. (1138 aa)
MAML2Mastermind-like protein 2; Acts as a transcriptional coactivator for NOTCH proteins. Has been shown to amplify NOTCH-induced transcription of HES1. Potentiates activation by NOTCH3 and NOTCH4 more efficiently than MAML1 or MAML3. Belongs to the mastermind family. (1156 aa)
ACVR1BActivin receptor type-1B; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-1 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin receptor type-2 (ACVR2A or ACVR2B). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to have a paracrine or autocrine [...] (546 aa)
HNRNPCHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins C1/C2; Binds pre-mRNA and nucleates the assembly of 40S hnRNP particles. Interacts with poly-U tracts in the 3'-UTR or 5'-UTR of mRNA and modulates the stability and the level of translation of bound mRNA molecules. Single HNRNPC tetramers bind 230-240 nucleotides. Trimers of HNRNPC tetramers bind 700 nucleotides. May play a role in the early steps of spliceosome assembly and pre-mRNA splicing. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to alter the local structure in mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) via a mechanism named 'm(6)A-switch', fa [...] (306 aa)
AKT1RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (480 aa)
ARPP19cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 19; Protein phosphatase inhibitor that specifically inhibits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during mitosis. When phosphorylated at Ser-62 during mitosis, specifically interacts with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and inhibits its activity, leading to inactivation of PP2A, an essential condition to keep cyclin-B1-CDK1 activity high during M phase. May indirectly enhance GAP-43 expression. Belongs to the endosulfine family. (131 aa)
MYCMyc proto-oncogene protein; Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis. Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release (By similarity). (454 aa)
HNRNPDLHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like; Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Promotes transcription repression. Promotes transcription activation in differentiated myotubes (By similarity). Binds to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences. Binds to the transcription suppressor CATR sequence of the COX5B promoter (By similarity). Binds with high affinity to RNA molecules that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) found within the 3'-UTR of many proto-oncogenes and cytokine mRNAs. Binds both to nuclear and cytoplasmic poly(A) mRNAs. Binds to poly(G) and poly(A), but not to poly(U) or [...] (420 aa)
BECN2Beclin-2; Involved in 2 distinct lysosomal degradation pathways: acts as a regulator of autophagy and as a regulator of G-protein coupled receptors turnover. Regulates degradation in lysosomes of a variety of G-protein coupled receptors via its interaction with GPRASP1/GASP1. (431 aa)
LPPLipoma-preferred partner; May play a structural role at sites of cell adhesion in maintaining cell shape and motility. In addition to these structural functions, it may also be implicated in signaling events and activation of gene transcription. May be involved in signal transduction from cell adhesion sites to the nucleus allowing successful integration of signals arising from soluble factors and cell-cell adhesion sites. Also suggested to serve as a scaffold protein upon which distinct protein complexes are assembled in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. (612 aa)
RAD51DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1; Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR). Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange. Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR [...] (340 aa)
CTNNB1Catenin beta-1; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an [...] (781 aa)
CTLA4Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4; Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28. (223 aa)
IL17AInterleukin-17A; Ligand for IL17RA and IL17RC. The heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17F is a ligand for the heterodimeric complex formed by IL17RA and IL17RC. Involved in inducing stromal cells to produce proinflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines ; Belongs to the IL-17 family. (155 aa)
PIK3CBPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation [...] (1070 aa)
NKD1Protein naked cuticle homolog 1; Cell autonomous antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. May activate a second Wnt signaling pathway that controls planar cell polarity. (470 aa)
TP53Cellular tumor antigen p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its intera [...] (393 aa)
EGFREpidermal growth factor receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses. Known ligands include EGF, TGFA/TGF-alpha, AREG, epigen/EPGN, BTC/betacellulin, epiregulin/EREG and HBEGF/heparin- binding EGF. Ligand binding triggers receptor homo- and/or heterodimerization and autophosphorylation on key cytoplasmic residues. The phosphorylated receptor recruits adapter proteins like GRB2 which in turn activates complex downstream signaling cascades. Activates at leas [...] (1210 aa)
ATMSerine-protein kinase ATM; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]- Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospec [...] (3056 aa)
WNT3AProtein Wnt-3a; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family. Required for normal embryonic mesoderm development and formation of caudal somites. Required for normal morphogenesis of the developing neural tube (By similarity). Mediates self-renewal of the stem cells at the bottom on intestinal crypts (in vitro). (352 aa)
BUB1BMitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 beta; Essential component of the mitotic checkpoint. Required for normal mitosis progression. The mitotic checkpoint delays anaphase until all chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle. One of its checkpoint functions is to inhibit the activity of the anaphase- promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) by blocking the binding of CDC20 to APC/C, independently of its kinase activity. The other is to monitor kinetochore activities that depend on the kinetochore motor CENPE. Required for kinetochore localization of CENPE. Neg [...] (1050 aa)
KPNB1Importin subunit beta-1; Functions in nuclear protein import, either in association with an adapter protein, like an importin-alpha subunit, which binds to nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates, or by acting as autonomous nuclear transport receptor. Acting autonomously, serves itself as NLS receptor. Docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated by KPNB1 through binding to nucleoporin FxFG repeats and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic [...] (876 aa)
MAML1Mastermind-like protein 1; Acts as a transcriptional coactivator for NOTCH proteins. Has been shown to amplify NOTCH-induced transcription of HES1. Enhances phosphorylation and proteolytic turnover of the NOTCH intracellular domain in the nucleus through interaction with CDK8. Binds to CREBBP/CBP which promotes nucleosome acetylation at NOTCH enhancers and activates transcription. Induces phosphorylation and localization of CREBBP to nuclear foci. Plays a role in hematopoietic development by regulating NOTCH-mediated lymphoid cell fate decisions. Belongs to the mastermind family. (1016 aa)
BAXApoptosis regulator BAX; Plays a role in the mitochondrial apoptotic process. Under normal conditions, BAX is largely cytosolic via constant retrotranslocation from mitochondria to the cytosol mediated by BCL2L1/Bcl-xL, which avoids accumulation of toxic BAX levels at the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. (218 aa)
MAP4K2Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Acts as a MAPK kinase kinase kinase (MAP4K) and is an upstream activator of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway and to a lesser extent of the p38 MAPKs signaling pathway. Required for the efficient activation of JNKs by TRAF6- dependent stimuli, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as polyinosine-polycytidine (poly(IC)), lipopolysaccharides [...] (820 aa)
CIP2AProtein CIP2A; Oncoprotein that inhibits PP2A and stabilizes MYC in human malignancies. Promotes anchorage-independent cell growth and tumor formation. (905 aa)
CD28T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28; Involved in T-cell activation, the induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival. Enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in T-cells in conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation. Isoform 3 enhances CD40L-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B and kinases MAPK8 and PAK2 in T-cells. (220 aa)
NKD2Protein naked cuticle homolog 2; Cell autonomous antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. May activate a second Wnt signaling pathway that controls planar cell polarity (By similarity). Required for processing of TGFA and for targeting of TGFA to the basolateral membrane of polarized epithelial cells. (451 aa)
INPPL1Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2; Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphatase that specifically hydrolyzes the 5-phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) to produce PtdIns(3,4)P2, thereby negatively regulating the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathways. Plays a central role in regulation of PI3K-dependent insulin signaling, although the precise molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways remain unclear. While overexpression reduces both insulin-stimulated MAP kinase and Akt activation, its absence does not affect insulin signaling [...] (1258 aa)
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Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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