Protein argonaute-1; Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them. Lacks endonuclease activity and does not appear to cleave target mRNAs. Also required for transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) of promoter regions which are complementary to bound short antigene RNAs (agRNAs).

Golgi phosphoprotein 3; Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-binding protein that links Golgi membranes to the cytoskeleton and may participate in the tensile force required for vesicle budding from the Golgi. Thereby, may play a role in Golgi membrane trafficking and could indirectly give its flattened shape to the Golgi apparatus. May also bind to the coatomer to regulate Golgi membrane trafficking. May play a role in anterograde transport from the Golgi to the plasma membrane and regulate secretion. Has also been involved in the control of the localization of Golgi enzymes through inter [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MARCHF6; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their proteasomal degradation. Promotes ubiquitination of DIO2, leading to its degradation. Promotes ubiquitination of SQLE, leading to its degradation. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. May cooperate with UBE2G1.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Protein OS-9; Lectin which functions in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control and ER-associated degradation (ERAD). May bind terminally misfolded non-glycosylated proteins as well as improperly folded glycoproteins, retain them in the ER, and possibly transfer them to the ubiquitination machinery and promote their degradation. Possible targets include TRPV4.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Protein sel-1 homolog 1; Plays a role in the endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) system also called ER-associated degradation (ERAD) involved in ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins. Enhances SYVN1 stability. Plays a role in LPL maturation and secretion. Required for normal differentiation of the pancreas epithelium, and for normal exocrine function and survival of pancreatic cells. May play a role in Notch signaling.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase synoviolin; Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin specifically from endoplasmic reticulum-associated UBC7 E2 ligase and transfers it to substrates, promoting their degradation. Component of the endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) system also called ER- associated degradation (ERAD) involved in ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins. Also promotes the degradation of normal but naturally short-lived proteins such as SGK. Protects cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis. Protects neurons from [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1, N-terminally processed; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'-, as well as 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. May be involved in degradation of muscle-specific proteins. Mediates polyubiquitination of CYP3A4.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G2; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Involved in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD).

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J1; Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Functions in the selective degradation of misfolded membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ERAD). Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J2; Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Seems to function in the selective degradation of misfolded membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ERAD). Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 K; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro, in the presence or in the absence of BRCA1-BARD1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, catalyzes the synthesis of 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Does not transfer ubiquitin directly to but elongates monoubiquitinated substrate protein. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins, such as the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded lumenal proteins. Ubiquitinates huntingtin. May mediate foam [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase; Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is neces [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of a number of proteins such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG complex at the ER membrane and initiating ubiquitination of HMGCR. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER by the complex into t [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5; Probable protease subunit of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2. The complex is also involved in phosphorylation of p53/TP53, c-jun/JUN, IkappaBalpha/NFKBIA, ITPK1 and IRF8, possibly via its association with CK2 and PKD [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

Cullin-1; Core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1- F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. SCF complexes and ARIH1 collaborate in tandem to mediate ubiquitination of target proteins. In the SCF complex, serves as a rigid scaffold that organizes the SKP1- F-box protein and RBX1 subunits. May contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Inhibits TGF- beta signaling by triggering SMAD2 and TGFBR1 ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. Promotes ubiquitination and internalization of various plasma membrane channels such as ENaC, SCN2A/Nav1.2, SCN3A/Nav1.3, SCN5A/Nav1.5, SCN9A/Nav1.7, SCN10A/Nav1.8, KCNA3/Kv1.3, KCNH2, EAAT1, KCNQ2/Kv7.2, KCNQ3/Kv7.3 or CLC5. Promotes ubiquitination and [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14; Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. The PSMD14 subunit is a metalloprotease that specifically cle [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

S-phase kinase-associated protein 1; Essential component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. The functional specificity of the SCF complex depends on the F-box protein as substrate recognition component. SCF(BTRC) and SCF(FBXW11) direct ubiquitination of CTNNB1 and participate in Wnt signaling. SCF(FBXW11) directs ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKBIA. SCF(BTRC [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM21; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase whose activity is dependent on E2 enzymes, UBE2D1, UBE2D2, UBE2E1 and UBE2E2. Forms a ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 UBE2D2 that is used not only for the ubiquitination of USP4 and IKBKB but also for its self-ubiquitination. Component of cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes such as SCF(SKP2)-like complexes. A TRIM21-containing SCF(SKP2)-like complex is shown to mediate ubiquitination of CDKN1B ('Thr-187' phosphorylated-form), thereby promoting its degrad [...]

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Cooperates with the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex for the polyubiquitination of NFKBIA leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Performs ubiquitin chain elongation building ubiquitin chains from the UBE2D3- primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, priming the phosphorylated NFKBIA target at positions 'Lys-21' and/or 'Lys-22' with a monoubiquitin. Coope [...]

Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1; Catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to mark cellular proteins for degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Activates ubiquitin by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP. Essential for the formation of radiation-induced foci, timely DNA repair and for response to replication stress. Promotes the recruitment of TP53BP1 and BRCA1 at DNA damage sites.