STRINGSTRING
CDH17 CDH17 EXOC3L2 EXOC3L2 NECTIN2 NECTIN2 APOE APOE PDCL PDCL SORL1 SORL1 CD33 CD33 MARK4 MARK4 ABCA7 ABCA7 EPHA1 EPHA1 MS4A3 MS4A3 MS4A2 MS4A2 APP APP MS4A6E MS4A6E CLU CLU BIN1 BIN1 MS4A4A MS4A4A HLA-DQA1 HLA-DQA1 CD2AP CD2AP HLA-DRB1 HLA-DRB1 MTOR MTOR HLA-DQA2 HLA-DQA2 HLA-DQB1 HLA-DQB1 HLA-DRB5 HLA-DRB5 PICALM PICALM PTK2B PTK2B BLOC1S3 BLOC1S3 TOMM40 TOMM40 SLC24A4 SLC24A4 MS4A1 MS4A1 MS4A6A MS4A6A CELF1 CELF1 AKT1 AKT1 APOC1 APOC1
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
CDH17Cadherin-17; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. LI-cadherin may have a role in the morphological organization of liver and intestine. Involved in intestinal peptide transport. (832 aa)
EXOC3L2Exocyst complex component 3 like 2; Belongs to the SEC6 family. (409 aa)
NECTIN2Nectin-2; Modulator of T-cell signaling. Can be either a costimulator of T-cell function, or a coinhibitor, depending on the receptor it binds to. Upon binding to CD226, stimulates T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, including that of IL2, IL5, IL10, IL13, and IFNG. Upon interaction with PVRIG, inhibits T-cell proliferation. These interactions are competitive. Probable cell adhesion protein ; Belongs to the nectin family. (538 aa)
APOEApolipoprotein E; APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apoliproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density [...] (317 aa)
PDCLPhosducin-like protein; Acts as a positive regulator of hedgehog signaling and regulates ciliary function. [Isoform 2]: Acts as a negative regulator of heterotrimeric G proteins assembly by trapping the preloaded G beta subunits inside the CCT chaperonin; Belongs to the phosducin family. (301 aa)
SORL1Sortilin-related receptor; Sorting receptor that directs several proteins to their correct location within the cell (Probable). Along with AP-1 complex, involved Golgi apparatus - endosome sorting. Sorting receptor for APP, regulating its intracellular trafficking and processing into amyloidogenic-beta peptides. Retains APP in the trans- Golgi network, hence preventing its transit through late endosomes where amyloid beta peptides Abeta40 and Abeta42 are generated. May also sort newly produced amyloid-beta peptides to lysosomes for catabolism. Does not affect APP trafficking from the e [...] (2214 aa)
CD33Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33; Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) that plays a role in mediating cell-cell interactions and in maintaining immune cells in a resting state. Preferentially recognizes and binds alpha-2,3- and more avidly alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid-bearing glycans. Upon engagement of ligands such as C1q or syalylated glycoproteins, two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) located in CD33 cytoplasmic tail are phosphorylated by Src-like kinases such as LCK. These phosphorylations provide docking sites for the recruitment and acti [...] (364 aa)
MARK4MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4; Serine/threonine-protein kinase. Phosphorylates the microtubule-associated protein MAPT/TAU. Also phosphorylates the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2 and MAP4. Involved in regulation of the microtubule network, causing reorganization of microtubules into bundles. Required for the initiation of axoneme extension during cilium assembly. Regulates the centrosomal location of ODF2 and phosphorylates ODF2 in vitro. Plays a role in cell cycle progression, specifically in the G1/S checkpoint. Reduces neuronal cell survival. Plays a role in ene [...] (752 aa)
ABCA7Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA7; Catalyzes the translocation of specific phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the extracellular/lumenal leaflet of membrane coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP. Transports preferentially phosphatidylserine over phosphatidylcholine. Plays a role in lipid homeostasis and macrophage- mediated phagocytosis. Binds APOA1 and may function in apolipoprotein-mediated phospholipid efflux from cells. May also mediate cholesterol efflux. May regulate cellular ceramide homeostasis during keratinocyte differentiation. Involved in lipid raft organization and CD1D [...] (2146 aa)
EPHA1Ephrin type-A receptor 1; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane- bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds with a low affinity EFNA3 and EFNA4 and with a high affinity to EFNA1 which most probably constitutes its cognate/functional ligand. Upon activation by EFNA1 induces cell attachment [...] (976 aa)
MS4A3Membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 3; Hematopoietic modulator for the G1-S cell cycle transition. Modulates the level of phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) through its direct binding to cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3/KAP); Belongs to the MS4A family. (214 aa)
MS4A2High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta; High affinity receptor that binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins epsilon. Aggregation of FCER1 by multivalent antigens is required for the full mast cell response, including the release of preformed mediators (such as histamine) by degranulation and de novo production of lipid mediators and cytokines. Also mediates the secretion of important lymphokines. Binding of allergen to receptor- bound IgE leads to cell activation and the release of mediators responsible for the manifestations of allergy; Belongs to the MS4A family. (244 aa)
APPGamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 50; Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Interaction between APP molecules on neighboring cells promotes synaptogenesis. Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1-KAT5 and inhibits Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis- inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(O) and JIP. Inhibits [...] (770 aa)
MS4A6EMembrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 6E; May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex. (147 aa)
CLUClusterin alpha chain; [Isoform 1]: Functions as extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of non native proteins. Prevents stress-induced aggregation of blood plasma proteins. Inhibits formation of amyloid fibrils by APP, APOC2, B2M, CALCA, CSN3, SNCA and aggregation-prone LYZ variants (in vitro). Does not require ATP. Maintains partially unfolded proteins in a state appropriate for subsequent refolding by other chaperones, such as HSPA8/HSC70. Does not refold proteins by itself. Binding to cell surface receptors triggers internalization of the chaperone-client complex and sub [...] (449 aa)
BIN1Myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1; Is a key player in the control of plasma membrane curvature, membrane shaping and membrane remodeling. Required in muscle cells for the formation of T-tubules, tubular invaginations of the plasma membrane that function in depolarization-contraction coupling. Is a negative regulator of endocytosis (By similarity). Is also involved in the regulation of intracellular vesicles sorting, modulation of BACE1 trafficking and the control of amyloid-beta production. In neuronal circuits, endocytosis regulation may influence the internalization of PHF-tau [...] (593 aa)
MS4A4AMembrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 4A; May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex. (239 aa)
HLA-DQA1Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1; Belongs to the MHC class II family. (255 aa)
CD2APCD2-associated protein; Seems to act as an adapter protein between membrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. In collaboration with CBLC, modulates the rate of RET turnover and may act as regulatory checkpoint that limits the potency of GDNF on neuronal survival. Controls CBLC function, converting it from an inhibitor to a promoter of RET degradation (By similarity). May play a role in receptor clustering and cytoskeletal polarity in the junction between T-cell and antigen-presenting cell (By similarity). May anchor the podocyte slit diaphragm to the actin cytoskeleton in renal glom [...] (639 aa)
HLA-DRB1HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain; A beta chain of antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule. In complex with the alpha chain HLA- DRA, displays antigenic peptides on professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-DRB1-restricted CD4-positive T cells. This guides antigen-specific T helper effector functions, both antibody-mediated immune response and macrophage activation, to ultimately eliminate the infectious agents and transformed cells. Typically presents extracellula [...] (266 aa)
MTORSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF [...] (2549 aa)
HLA-DQA2HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain; Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for p [...] (255 aa)
HLA-DQB1HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain; Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for pr [...] (269 aa)
HLA-DRB5HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta 5 chain; Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for pr [...] (266 aa)
PICALMPhosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein; Cytoplasmic adapter protein that plays a critical role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis which is important in processes such as internalization of cell receptors, synaptic transmission or removal of apoptotic cells. Recruits AP-2 and attaches clathrin triskelions to the cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane leading to clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) assembly. Furthermore, regulates clathrin-coated vesicle size and maturation by directly sensing and driving membrane curvature. In addition to binding to clathrin, mediates the endocyto [...] (652 aa)
PTK2BProtein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization, cell migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodeling. Plays a role in the regulation of the humoral immune response, and is required for normal levels of marginal B-cells in the spleen and normal migration of splenic B-cells. Required for normal macrophage polarization and migration towards sites of inflammation. Regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell spreading in T-cells, and contributes to the regulation of T-cell responses. Promot [...] (1009 aa)
BLOC1S3Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 3; Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. Plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking. (202 aa)
TOMM40Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40 homolog; Channel-forming protein essential for import of protein precursors into mitochondria; Belongs to the Tom40 family. (361 aa)
SLC24A4Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 4; Transports 1 Ca(2+) and 1 K(+) in exchange for 4 Na(+). Controls the rapid response termination and proper regulation of adaptation in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) which subsequently influences how odor information is encoded and perceived. May play a role in calcium transport during amelogenesis (By similarity). Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family. SLC24A subfamily. (622 aa)
MS4A1B-lymphocyte antigen CD20; B-lymphocyte-specific membrane protein that plays a role in the regulation of cellular calcium influx necessary for the development, differentiation, and activation of B-lymphocytes. Functions as a store-operated calcium (SOC) channel component promoting calcium influx after activation by the B-cell receptor/BCR. (297 aa)
MS4A6AMembrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 6A; May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex; Belongs to the MS4A family. (276 aa)
CELF1CUGBP Elav-like family member 1; RNA-binding protein implicated in the regulation of several post-transcriptional events. Involved in pre-mRNA alternative splicing, mRNA translation and stability. Mediates exon inclusion and/or exclusion in pre-mRNA that are subject to tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Specifically activates exon 5 inclusion of cardiac isoforms of TNNT2 during heart remodeling at the juvenile to adult transition. Acts as both an activator and repressor of a pair of coregulated exons: promotes inclusion of the smooth muscle (SM) exon bu [...] (514 aa)
AKT1RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (480 aa)
APOC1Truncated apolipoprotein C-I; Inhibitor of lipoprotein binding to the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, LDL receptor-related protein, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor. Associates with high density lipoproteins (HDL) and the triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in the plasma and makes up about 10% of the protein of the VLDL and 2% of that of HDL. Appears to interfere directly with fatty acid uptake and is also the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Binds free fatty acids and reduces their intracellular esterification. Modulates the in [...] (83 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
Server load: low (32%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.