STRINGSTRING
GLI1 GLI1 SLC5A5 SLC5A5 TGFB1 TGFB1 TG TG CHGA CHGA CDC6 CDC6 SRSF6 SRSF6 MANF MANF IGF1R IGF1R SLC26A4 SLC26A4 ZNF274 ZNF274 CCNA2 CCNA2 HNF1B HNF1B SLC16A2 SLC16A2 TSHR TSHR GATA4 GATA4 WWTR1 WWTR1 GCG GCG INS INS BCL2L11 BCL2L11 IGF1 IGF1 DUOX2 DUOX2 GLIS3 GLIS3 KDM4C KDM4C RPS6 RPS6 PAX4 PAX4 PTF1A PTF1A COL4A1 COL4A1 FOXE1 FOXE1 COL5A2 COL5A2 GLP1R GLP1R SLC16A10 SLC16A10 NKX6-2 NKX6-2 NR5A2 NR5A2 CENPF CENPF TGFB2 TGFB2 MTOR MTOR TGFBR2 TGFBR2 RSPO1 RSPO1 UBE2I UBE2I ANO1 ANO1 NKX2-1 NKX2-1 NKX2-4 NKX2-4 TNPO1 TNPO1 TPO TPO CDCA2 CDCA2 SLC2A2 SLC2A2 DUOXA2 DUOXA2 PRMT5 PRMT5 DUOX1 DUOX1 CTBP2 CTBP2 CASP3 CASP3 GLIS1 GLIS1 INSR INSR TRH TRH BIRC5 BIRC5 COL1A2 COL1A2 SHH SHH NKX6-1 NKX6-1 NEUROD1 NEUROD1 CTBP1 CTBP1 WNT4 WNT4 CCNB2 CCNB2 FZD1 FZD1 ZIC3 ZIC3 GNAQ GNAQ WNT3A WNT3A HHEX HHEX CBFA2T3 CBFA2T3 DUOXA1 DUOXA1 PAX8 PAX8 PIAS4 PIAS4 GLIS2 GLIS2 SMAD2 SMAD2 LRP6 LRP6 CCND2 CCND2 CCNB1 CCNB1 SOX9 SOX9 NEUROG3 NEUROG3 IYD IYD
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GLI1Zinc finger protein GLI1; Acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-GACCACCCA-3'. Regulates the transcription of specific genes during normal development. Plays a role in craniofacial development and digital development, as well as development of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Mediates SHH signaling. Plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation via its role in SHH signaling. Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (1106 aa)
SLC5A5Sodium/iodide cotransporter; Mediates iodide uptake in the thyroid gland; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (643 aa)
TGFB1Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form fo [...] (390 aa)
TGThyroglobulin; Acts as a substrate for the production of iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The synthesis of T3 and T4 involves iodination of selected tyrosine residues of TG/thyroglobulin followed by their oxidative coupling in the thyroid follicle lumen (By similarity). Following TG re- internalization and lysosomal-mediated proteolysis, T3 and T4 are released from the polypeptide backbone leading to their secretion into the bloodstream (By similarity). (2768 aa)
CHGAp-Glu serpinin precursor; [Pancreastatin]: Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas. [Serpinin]: Regulates granule biogenesis in endocrine cells by up-regulating the transcription of protease nexin 1 (SERPINE2) via a cAMP-PKA-SP1 pathway. This leads to inhibition of granule protein degradation in the Golgi complex which in turn promotes granule formation. (457 aa)
CDC6Cell division control protein 6 homolog; Involved in the initiation of DNA replication. Also participates in checkpoint controls that ensure DNA replication is completed before mitosis is initiated. (560 aa)
SRSF6Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6; Plays a role in constitutive splicing and modulates the selection of alternative splice sites. Plays a role in the alternative splicing of MAPT/Tau exon 10. Binds to alternative exons of TNC pre- mRNA and promotes the expression of alternatively spliced TNC. Plays a role in wound healing and in the regulation of keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation via its role in alternative splicing. Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. (344 aa)
MANFMesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor; Selectively promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain. Modulates GABAergic transmission to the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (By similarity). Enhances spontaneous, as well as evoked, GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents in dopaminergic neurons (By similarity). Inhibits cell proliferation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell death. Retained in the ER/sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through association with the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein HSPA5 under normal conditi [...] (185 aa)
IGF1RInsulin-like growth factor 1 receptor alpha chain; Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates actions of insulin- like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Binds IGF1 with high affinity and IGF2 and insulin (INS) with a lower affinity. The activated IGF1R is involved in cell growth and survival control. IGF1R is crucial for tumor transformation and survival of malignant cell. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase, leading to receptor autophosphorylation, and tyrosines phosphorylation of multiple substrates, that function as signaling adapter proteins including, the insulin-receptor substrates ( [...] (1367 aa)
SLC26A4Pendrin; Sodium-independent transporter of chloride and iodide. Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family. (780 aa)
ZNF274Neurotrophin receptor-interacting factor homolog; Probable transcription repressor. Specifically binds to the 3'-end of zinc-finger coding genes and recruiting chromatin-modifying proteins such as SETDB1 and TRIM28/KAP1, leading to transcription repression. The SETDB1-TRIM28-ZNF274 complex may play a role in recruiting ATRX to the 3'-exons of zinc-finger coding genes with atypical chromatin signatures to establish or maintain/protect H3K9me3 at these transcriptionally active regions. (653 aa)
CCNA2Cyclin-A2; Cyclin which controls both the G1/S and the G2/M transition phases of the cell cycle. Functions through the formation of specific serine/threonine protein kinase holoenzyme complexes with the cyclin- dependent protein kinases CDK1 or CDK2. The cyclin subunit confers the substrate specificity of these complexes and differentially interacts with and activates CDK1 and CDK2 throughout the cell cycle. (432 aa)
HNF1BHepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta; Transcription factor, probably binds to the inverted palindrome 5'-GTTAATNATTAAC-3'. (557 aa)
SLC16A2Monocarboxylate transporter 8; Very active and specific thyroid hormone transporter. Stimulates cellular uptake of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and diidothyronine. Does not transport Leu, Phe, Trp or Tyr; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family. (539 aa)
TSHRThyrotropin receptor; Receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin. Also acts as a receptor for the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (GPHA2:GPHB5) or thyrostimulin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism (By similarity); Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily. (764 aa)
GATA4Transcription factor GATA-4; Transcriptional activator that binds to the consensus sequence 5'-AGATAG-3' and plays a key role in cardiac development and function. In cooperation with TBX5, it binds to cardiac super-enhancers and promotes cardiomyocyte gene expression, while it downregulates endocardial and endothelial gene expression. Involved in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated induction of cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to BMP response element (BMPRE) DNA sequences within cardiac activating regions (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional activator of ANF in coope [...] (443 aa)
WWTR1WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1; Transcriptional coactivator which acts as a downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. WWTR1 enhances [...] (400 aa)
GCGGlicentin-related polypeptide; Glucagon plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes. GLP-2 stimulates intestinal growth and up-regulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. The gastrointestinal tract, fro [...] (180 aa)
INSInsulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (110 aa)
BCL2L11Bcl-2-like protein 11; Induces apoptosis and anoikis. Isoform BimL is more potent than isoform BimEL. Isoform Bim-alpha1, isoform Bim-alpha2 and isoform Bim-alpha3 induce apoptosis, although less potent than isoform BimEL, isoform BimL and isoform BimS. Isoform Bim-gamma induces apoptosis. Isoform Bim-alpha3 induces apoptosis possibly through a caspase- mediated pathway. Isoform BimAC and isoform BimABC lack the ability to induce apoptosis; Belongs to the Bcl-2 family. (198 aa)
IGF1Insulin-like growth factor I; The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]- 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation. Ca(2+)-dependent exo [...] (158 aa)
DUOX2Dual oxidase 2; Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain. (1548 aa)
GLIS3Zinc finger protein GLIS3; Acts as both a repressor and activator of transcription. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-GACCACCCAC-3' (By similarity). (930 aa)
KDM4CLysine-specific demethylase 4C; Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-36' residues of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-4', H3 'Lys-27' nor H4 'Lys-20'. Demethylates trimethylated H3 'Lys-9' and H3 'Lys-36' residue, while it has no activity on mono- and dimethylated residues. Demethylation of Lys residue generates formaldehyde and succinate. (1056 aa)
RPS640S ribosomal protein S6; May play an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family. (249 aa)
PAX4Paired box protein Pax-4; Plays an important role in the differentiation and development of pancreatic islet beta cells. Transcriptional repressor that binds to a common element in the glucagon, insulin and somatostatin promoters. Competes with PAX6 for this same promoter binding site. Isoform 2 appears to be a dominant negative form antagonizing PAX4 transcriptional activity. (348 aa)
PTF1APancreas transcription factor 1 subunit alpha; Transcription factor implicated in the cell fate determination in various organs. Binds to the E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'. Plays a role in early and late pancreas development and differentiation. Important for determining whether cells allocated to the pancreatic buds continue towards pancreatic organogenesis or revert back to duodenal fates. May be involved in the maintenance of exocrine pancreas-specific gene expression including ELA1 and amylase. Required for the formation of pancreatic acinar and ductal cells. Plays an impor [...] (328 aa)
COL4A1Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain; Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen. (1669 aa)
FOXE1Forkhead box protein E1; Transcription factor that binds consensus sites on a variety of gene promoters and activate their transcription. Involved in proper palate formation, most probably through the expression of MSX1 and TGFB3 genes which are direct targets of this transcription factor. Also implicated in thyroid gland morphogenesis. May indirectly play a role in cell growth and migration through the regulation of WNT5A expression. (373 aa)
COL5A2Collagen alpha-2(V) chain; Type V collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). It is a minor connective tissue component of nearly ubiquitous distribution. Type V collagen binds to DNA, heparan sulfate, thrombospondin, heparin, and insulin. Type V collagen is a key determinant in the assembly of tissue-specific matrices (By similarity). (1499 aa)
GLP1RGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor; G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP- 1). Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1 (By similarity). (463 aa)
SLC16A10Monocarboxylate transporter 10; Sodium-independent transporter that mediates the uptake of aromatic acids. Can function as a net efflux pathway for aromatic amino acids in the basosolateral epithelial cells (By similarity). Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family. (515 aa)
NKX6-2Homeobox protein Nkx-6.2; Transcription factor with repressor activity involved in the regulation of axon-glial interactions at myelin paranodes in oligodendrocytes. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-(A/T)TTAATGA- 3'. In oligodendrocytes, binds to MBP and PLP1 promoter regions. (277 aa)
NR5A2Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2; Nuclear receptor that acts as a key metabolic sensor by regulating the expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis, cholesterol homeostasis and triglyceride synthesis. Together with the oxysterol receptors NR1H3/LXR-alpha and NR1H2/LXR-beta, acts as an essential transcriptional regulator of lipid metabolism. Plays an anti- inflammatory role during the hepatic acute phase response by acting as a corepressor: inhibits the hepatic acute phase response by preventing dissociation of the N-Cor corepressor complex. Binds to the sequence e [...] (541 aa)
CENPFCentromere protein F; Required for kinetochore function and chromosome segregation in mitosis. Required for kinetochore localization of dynein, LIS1, NDE1 and NDEL1. Regulates recycling of the plasma membrane by acting as a link between recycling vesicles and the microtubule network though its association with STX4 and SNAP25. Acts as a potential inhibitor of pocket protein-mediated cellular processes during development by regulating the activity of RB proteins during cell division and proliferation. May play a regulatory or permissive role in the normal embryonic cardiomyocyte cell cy [...] (3114 aa)
TGFB2Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development. Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth fact [...] (442 aa)
MTORSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF [...] (2549 aa)
TGFBR2TGF-beta receptor type-2; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF- beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non- promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinoge [...] (592 aa)
RSPO1R-spondin-1; Activator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by acting as a ligand for LGR4-6 receptors. Upon binding to LGR4-6 (LGR4, LGR5 or LGR6), LGR4-6 associate with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. Also regulates the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin- dependent pathway and non-canonical Wnt signaling by acting as an inhibitor of ZNRF3, an important regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Acts as a ligand for frizzled FZD8 and LRP6. May neg [...] (263 aa)
UBE2ISUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like proteins SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3, SUMO4 and SUMO1P1/SUMO5 from the UBLE1A-UBLE1B E1 complex and catalyzes their covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as RANBP2, CBX4 and ZNF451. Can catalyze the formation of poly-SUMO chains. Necessary for sumoylation of FOXL2 and KAT5. Essential for nuclear architecture and chromosome segregation. Sumoylates p53/TP53 at 'Lys-386'. Mediates sumoylation of ERCC6 which is essential for its transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair activity. Belongs to the ubiqu [...] (158 aa)
ANO1Anoctamin-1; Calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) which plays a role in transepithelial anion transport and smooth muscle contraction. Required for the normal functioning of the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) which generate electrical pacemaker activity in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Acts as a major contributor to basal and stimulated chloride conductance in airway epithelial cells and plays an important role in tracheal cartilage development. Belongs to the anoctamin family. (986 aa)
NKX2-1Homeobox protein Nkx-2.1; Transcription factor that binds and activates the promoter of thyroid specific genes such as thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, and thyrotropin receptor. Crucial in the maintenance of the thyroid differentiation phenotype. May play a role in lung development and surfactant homeostasis. Forms a regulatory loop with GRHL2 that coordinates lung epithelial cell morphogenesis and differentiation. Activates the transcription of GNRHR and plays a role in enhancing the circadian oscillation of its gene expression. Represses the transcription of the circadian transcriptio [...] (401 aa)
NKX2-4Homeobox protein Nkx-2.4; Probable transcription factor; Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family. (354 aa)
TNPO1Transportin-1; Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates. Is thought to mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis [...] (898 aa)
TPOThyroid peroxidase; Iodination and coupling of the hormonogenic tyrosines in thyroglobulin to yield the thyroid hormones T(3) and T(4). (933 aa)
CDCA2Cell division cycle-associated protein 2; Regulator of chromosome structure during mitosis required for condensin-depleted chromosomes to retain their compact architecture through anaphase. Acts by mediating the recruitment of phopsphatase PP1-gamma subunit (PPP1CC) to chromatin at anaphase and into the following interphase. At anaphase onset, its association with chromatin targets a pool of PPP1CC to dephosphorylate substrates. (1023 aa)
SLC2A2Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2; Facilitative hexose transporter that mediates the transport of glucose and fructose. Likely mediates the bidirectional transfer of glucose across the plasma membrane of hepatocytes and is responsible for uptake of glucose by the beta cells; may comprise part of the glucose-sensing mechanism of the beta cell. May also participate with the Na(+)/glucose cotransporter in the transcellular transport of glucose in the small intestine and kidney. Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate. Belongs to the major fac [...] (524 aa)
DUOXA2Dual oxidase maturation factor 2; Required for the maturation and the transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane of functional DUOX2. May play a role in thyroid hormone synthesis. (320 aa)
PRMT5Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5, N-terminally processed; Arginine methyltransferase that can both catalyze the formation of omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA), with a preference for the formation of MMA. Specifically mediates the symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins Sm D1 (SNRPD1) and Sm D3 (SNRPD3); such methylation being required for the assembly and biogenesis of snRNP core particles. Methylates SUPT5H and may regulate its transcriptional elongation properties. Mono- and dimethylates argin [...] (637 aa)
DUOX1Dual oxidase 1; Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain. (1551 aa)
CTBP2C-terminal-binding protein 2; Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators. Functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT) differentiation (By similarity); Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. (985 aa)
CASP3Caspase-3 subunit p12; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage. (277 aa)
GLIS1Zinc finger protein GLIS1; Acts as both a repressor and activator of transcription. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-GACCACCCAC-3' (By similarity). By controlling the expression of genes involved in cell differentiation inhibits the lineage commitment of multipotent cells. Prevents, for instance, the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal cells into adipocyte and osteoblast (By similarity); Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (620 aa)
INSRInsulin receptor subunit alpha; Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin. Binding of insulin leads to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including, insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, 2, 3, 4), SHC, GAB1, CBL and other signaling intermediates. Each of these phosphorylated proteins serve as docking proteins for other signaling proteins that contain Src-homology-2 domains (SH2 domain) that specifically recognize different phosphotyrosine residues, including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and SHP2. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lea [...] (1382 aa)
TRHPro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone; As a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, it controls the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and is involved in thyroid hormone synthesis regulation. It also operates as modulator of hair growth. It promotes hair-shaft elongation, prolongs the hair cycle growth phase (anagen) and antagonizes its termination (catagen) by TGFB2. It stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of hair matrix keratinocytes. (242 aa)
BIRC5Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5; Multitasking protein that has dual roles in promoting cell proliferation and preventing apoptosis. Component of a chromosome passage protein complex (CPC) which is essential for chromosome alignment and segregation during mitosis and cytokinesis. Acts as an important regulator of the localization of this complex; directs CPC movement to different locations from the inner centromere during prometaphase to midbody during cytokinesis and participates in the organization of the center spindle by associating with polymerized microtubules. Involve [...] (165 aa)
COL1A2Collagen alpha-2(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen); Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family. (1366 aa)
SHHSonic hedgehog protein N-product; [Sonic hedgehog protein]: The C-terminal part of the sonic hedgehog protein precursor displays an autoproteolysis and a cholesterol transferase activity (By similarity). Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein into two parts (ShhN and ShhC) followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated ShhN (By similarity). Both activities occur in the reticulum endoplasmic (By similarity). Once cleaved, ShhC is degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). (462 aa)
NKX6-1Homeobox protein Nkx-6.1; Transcription factor which binds to specific A/T-rich DNA sequences in the promoter regions of a number of genes. Involved in the development of insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans at the secondary transition (By similarity). Together with NKX2-2 and IRX3 acts to restrict the generation of motor neurons to the appropriate region of the neural tube. Belongs to the class II proteins of neuronal progenitor factors, which are induced by SHH signals (By similarity). (367 aa)
NEUROD1Neurogenic differentiation factor 1; Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or [...] (356 aa)
CTBP1C-terminal-binding protein 1; Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators such as GLIS2 or BCL6. Has dehydrogenase activity. Involved in controlling the equilibrium between tubular and stacked structures in the Golgi complex. Functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT) differentiation. Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. (440 aa)
WNT4Protein Wnt-4; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Plays an important role in the embryonic development of the urogenital tract and the lung. Required for normal mesenchyme to epithelium transition during embryonic kidney development. Required for the formation of early epithelial renal vesicles during kidney development (By similarity). Required for normal formation of the Mullerian duct in females, and normal levels of oocytes in the ovaries. Required for normal down-regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the ovary. Req [...] (351 aa)
CCNB2G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2; Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G2/M (mitosis) transition; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily. (398 aa)
FZD1Frizzled-1; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Activated by WNT3A, WNT3, WNT1 and to a lesser extent WNT2, but apparently not by WNT4, WNT5A, WNT5B, WNT6, WNT7A or WNT7B. Contradictory results showing activation by WNT7B have been described for mouse (By similarity). Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been se [...] (647 aa)
ZIC3Zinc finger protein ZIC 3; Acts as transcriptional activator. Required in the earliest stages in both axial midline development and left-right (LR) asymmetry specification. Binds to the minimal GLI-consensus sequence 5'-GGGTGGTC- 3'; Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (467 aa)
GNAQGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Regulates B-cell selection and survival and is required to prevent B-cell-dependent autoimmunity. Regulates chemotaxis of BM- derived neutrophils and dendritic cells (in vitro) (By similarity). Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily. (359 aa)
WNT3AProtein Wnt-3a; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family. Required for normal embryonic mesoderm development and formation of caudal somites. Required for normal morphogenesis of the developing neural tube (By similarity). Mediates self-renewal of the stem cells at the bottom on intestinal crypts (in vitro). (352 aa)
HHEXHematopoietically-expressed homeobox protein HHEX; Recognizes the DNA sequence 5'-ATTAA-3'. Transcriptional repressor. May play a role in hematopoietic differentiation. Establishes anterior identity at two levels; acts early to enhance canonical WNT-signaling by repressing expression of TLE4, and acts later to inhibit NODAL-signaling by directly targeting NODAL (By similarity). (270 aa)
CBFA2T3Protein CBFA2T3; Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Can repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner. Reduces the protein levels and stability of the transcriptinal regulator HIF1A; interacts with EGLN1 and promotes the HIF1A prolyl hydroxylation-dependent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation pathway. Contributes to inhibition of glycolysis and stimulation of mitochondrial respiration by down-regulatin [...] (653 aa)
DUOXA1Dual oxidase maturation factor 1; May be required for the maturation and the transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane of functional DUOX1. (483 aa)
PAX8Paired box protein Pax-8; Transcription factor for the thyroid-specific expression of the genes exclusively expressed in the thyroid cell type, maintaining the functional differentiation of such cells. (450 aa)
PIAS4E3 SUMO-protein ligase PIAS4; Functions as an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase, stabilizing the interaction between UBE2I and the substrate, and as a SUMO-tethering factor. Plays a crucial role as a transcriptional coregulation in various cellular pathways, including the STAT pathway, the p53/TP53 pathway, the Wnt pathway and the steroid hormone signaling pathway. Involved in gene silencing. Mediates sumoylation of CEBPA, PARK7, HERC2, MYB, TCF4 and RNF168. In Wnt signaling, represses LEF1 and enhances TCF4 transcriptional activities through promoting their sumoylati [...] (510 aa)
GLIS2Zinc finger protein GLIS2; Can act either as a transcriptional repressor or as a transcriptional activator, depending on the cell context. Acts as a repressor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway (By similarity). Represses the Hedgehog-dependent expression of Wnt4 (By similarity). Necessary to maintain the differentiated epithelial phenotype in renal cells through the inhibition of SNAI1, which itself induces the epithelial-to- mesenchymal transition (By similarity). Represses transcriptional activation mediated by CTNNB1 in the Wnt signaling pathway. May act by recruiting the corepressor [...] (524 aa)
SMAD2Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. (467 aa)
LRP6Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6; Component of the Wnt-Fzd-LRP5-LRP6 complex that triggers beta-catenin signaling through inducing aggregation of receptor-ligand complexes into ribosome-sized signalsomes. Cell-surface coreceptor of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, which plays a pivotal role in bone formation. The Wnt-induced Fzd/LRP6 coreceptor complex recruits DVL1 polymers to the plasma membrane which, in turn, recruits the AXIN1/GSK3B-complex to the cell surface promoting the formation of signalsomes and inhibiting AXIN1/GSK3-mediated phosphorylation and destruction of [...] (1613 aa)
CCND2G1/S-specific cyclin-D2; Regulatory component of the cyclin D2-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. A [...] (289 aa)
CCNB1G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1; Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G2/M (mitosis) transition; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily. (433 aa)
SOX9Transcription factor SOX-9; Transcriptional regulator that plays a role in chondrocytes differentiation and skeletal development. Binds to the COL2A1 promoter and activates COL2A1 expression, as part of a complex with ZNF219 (By similarity). (509 aa)
NEUROG3Neurogenin-3; Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Together with NKX2-2, initiates transcriptional activation of NEUROD1. Involved in neurogenesis. Also required for the specification of a common precursor of the 4 pancreatic endocrine cell types (By similarity). (214 aa)
IYDIodotyrosine deiodinase 1; Catalyzes the oxidative NADPH-dependent deiodination of monoiodotyrosine (L-MIT) or diiodotyrosine (L-DIT). Acts during the hydrolysis of thyroglobulin to liberate iodide, which can then reenter the hormone- producing pathways. Acts more efficiently on monoiodotyrosine than on diiodotyrosine. Belongs to the nitroreductase family. (293 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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