Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Iodotyrosine deiodinase 1; Catalyzes the oxidative NADPH-dependent deiodination of monoiodotyrosine (L-MIT) or diiodotyrosine (L-DIT). Acts during the hydrolysis of thyroglobulin to liberate iodide, which can then reenter the hormone- producing pathways. Acts more efficiently on monoiodotyrosine than on diiodotyrosine. Belongs to the nitroreductase family.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Homeobox protein Nkx-2.1; Transcription factor that binds and activates the promoter of thyroid specific genes such as thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, and thyrotropin receptor. Crucial in the maintenance of the thyroid differentiation phenotype. May play a role in lung development and surfactant homeostasis. Forms a regulatory loop with GRHL2 that coordinates lung epithelial cell morphogenesis and differentiation. Activates the transcription of GNRHR and plays a role in enhancing the circadian oscillation of its gene expression. Represses the transcription of the circadian transcriptio [...]

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Paired box protein Pax-8; Transcription factor for the thyroid-specific expression of the genes exclusively expressed in the thyroid cell type, maintaining the functional differentiation of such cells.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Selenocysteine insertion sequence-binding protein 2; Binds to the SECIS element in the 3'-UTR of some mRNAs encoding selenoproteins. Binding is stimulated by SELB.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thyroxine-binding globulin; Major thyroid hormone transport protein in serum; Belongs to the serpin family.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Monocarboxylate transporter 8; Very active and specific thyroid hormone transporter. Stimulates cellular uptake of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and diidothyronine. Does not transport Leu, Phe, Trp or Tyr; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Sodium/iodide cotransporter; Mediates iodide uptake in the thyroid gland; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha; [Isoform Alpha-1]: Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thyroid hormone receptor beta; Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone; As a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, it controls the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and is involved in thyroid hormone synthesis regulation. It also operates as modulator of hair growth. It promotes hair-shaft elongation, prolongs the hair cycle growth phase (anagen) and antagonizes its termination (catagen) by TGFB2. It stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of hair matrix keratinocytes.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thyrotropin receptor; Receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin. Also acts as a receptor for the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (GPHA2:GPHB5) or thyrostimulin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism (By similarity); Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial; Involved in the control of reactive oxygen species levels and the regulation of mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Maintains thioredoxin in a reduced state. May play a role in redox- regulated cell signaling.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Thyroxine-binding globulin; Major thyroid hormone transport protein in serum; Belongs to the serpin family.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Monocarboxylate transporter 8; Very active and specific thyroid hormone transporter. Stimulates cellular uptake of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and diidothyronine. Does not transport Leu, Phe, Trp or Tyr; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha; [Isoform Alpha-1]: Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Thyroid hormone receptor beta; Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone; As a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, it controls the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and is involved in thyroid hormone synthesis regulation. It also operates as modulator of hair growth. It promotes hair-shaft elongation, prolongs the hair cycle growth phase (anagen) and antagonizes its termination (catagen) by TGFB2. It stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of hair matrix keratinocytes.

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into RT3 (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). RT3 and T2 are inactive metabolites. May play a role in preventing premature exposure of developing fetal tissues to adult levels of thyroid hormones. Can regulate circulating fetal thyroid hormone concentrations throughout gestation. Essential role for regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development.

Thyrotropin receptor; Receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin. Also acts as a receptor for the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (GPHA2:GPHB5) or thyrostimulin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism (By similarity); Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.