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GYPA | Glycophorin-A; Glycophorin A is the major intrinsic membrane protein of the erythrocyte. The N-terminal glycosylated segment, which lies outside the erythrocyte membrane, has MN blood group receptors. Appears to be important for the function of SLC4A1 and is required for high activity of SLC4A1. May be involved in translocation of SLC4A1 to the plasma membrane. Is a receptor for influenza virus. Is a receptor for Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA-175); binding of EBA-175 is dependent on sialic acid residues of the O-linked glycans. Appears to be a receptor for [...] (150 aa) | ||||
CD3E | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain; Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR- mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation o [...] (207 aa) | ||||
H3-4 | Histone H3.1t; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa) | ||||
FCER1A | High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha; Binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins epsilon. High affinity receptor. Responsible for initiating the allergic response. Binding of allergen to receptor-bound IgE leads to cell activation and the release of mediators (such as histamine) responsible for the manifestations of allergy. The same receptor also induces the secretion of important lymphokines. (257 aa) | ||||
STIL | SCL-interrupting locus protein; Immediate-early gene. Plays an important role in embryonic development as well as in cellular growth and proliferation; its long- term silencing affects cell survival and cell cycle distribution as well as decreases CDK1 activity correlated with reduced phosphorylation of CDK1. Plays a role as a positive regulator of the sonic hedgehog pathway, acting downstream of PTCH1. Plays an important role in the regulation of centriole duplication. Required for the onset of procentriole formation and proper mitotic progression. During procentriole formation, is es [...] (1288 aa) | ||||
CCND3 | G1/S-specific cyclin-D3; Regulatory component of the cyclin D3-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. A [...] (292 aa) | ||||
CNTLN | Centlein; Required for centrosome cohesion and recruitment of CEP68 to centrosomes. (1406 aa) | ||||
CCP110 | Centriolar coiled-coil protein of 110 kDa; Necessary for centrosome duplication at different stages of procentriole formation. Acts as a key negative regulator of ciliogenesis in collaboration with CEP97 by capping the mother centriole thereby preventing cilia formation. Also involved in promoting ciliogenesis. May play a role in the assembly of the mother centriole subdistal appendages (SDA) thereby effecting the fusion of recycling endosomes to basal bodies during cilia formation (By similarity). Required for correct spindle formation and has a role in regulating cytokinesis and geno [...] (1012 aa) | ||||
TFRC | Transferrin receptor protein 1, serum form; Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes. Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the heditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with tra [...] (760 aa) | ||||
PTTG1 | Securin; Regulatory protein, which plays a central role in chromosome stability, in the p53/TP53 pathway, and DNA repair. Probably acts by blocking the action of key proteins. During the mitosis, it blocks Separase/ESPL1 function, preventing the proteolysis of the cohesin complex and the subsequent segregation of the chromosomes. At the onset of anaphase, it is ubiquitinated, conducting to its destruction and to the liberation of ESPL1. Its function is however not limited to a blocking activity, since it is required to activate ESPL1. Negatively regulates the transcriptional activity a [...] (202 aa) | ||||
CDK1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by modulating the centrosome cycle as well as mitotic onset; promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphase cyclins. Required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. Phosphorylates PARVA/actopaxin, APC, AMPH, APC, BARD1, Bcl-xL/BCL2L1, BRCA2, CALD1, CASP8, CDC7, CDC20, CDC25A, CDC25C, CC2D1A, CENPA, CSNK2 proteins/CKII, FZR1/CDH1, CDK7, CEBPB, CHAMP1, DMD/dystrophin, EEF1 proteins/EF-1, EZH2, KIF11/EG5, EGFR, FANCG, FOS, G [...] (297 aa) | ||||
GAPDH | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations throu [...] (335 aa) | ||||
CCNL2 | Cyclin-L2; Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. May induce cell death, possibly by acting on the transcription and RNA processing of apoptosis-related factors. (520 aa) | ||||
CD8A | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class I molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins while class II derived from extracellular proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class I proteins presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Sr [...] (235 aa) | ||||
CD44 | CD44 antigen; Cell-surface receptor that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration, helping them to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment. Participates thereby in a wide variety of cellular functions including the activation, recirculation and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation and response to bacterial infection. Engages, through its ectodomain, extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan/HA, collagen, growth factors, cytokines or proteases and serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling, via its c [...] (742 aa) | ||||
PTPRC | Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C; Protein tyrosine-protein phosphatase required for T-cell activation through the antigen receptor. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation upon binding to DPP4. The first PTPase domain has enzymatic activity, while the second one seems to affect the substrate specificity of the first one. Upon T-cell activation, recruits and dephosphorylates SKAP1 and FYN. Dephosphorylates LYN, and thereby modulates LYN activity (By similarity); Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 1/6 subfamily. (1306 aa) | ||||
CDK5 | Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5; Proline-directed serine/threonine-protein kinase essential for neuronal cell cycle arrest and differentiation and may be involved in apoptotic cell death in neuronal diseases by triggering abortive cell cycle re-entry. Interacts with D1 and D3-type G1 cyclins. Phosphorylates SRC, NOS3, VIM/vimentin, p35/CDK5R1, MEF2A, SIPA1L1, SH3GLB1, PXN, PAK1, MCAM/MUC18, SEPT5, SYN1, DNM1, AMPH, SYNJ1, CDK16, RAC1, RHOA, CDC42, TONEBP/NFAT5, MAPT/TAU, MAP1B, histone H1, p53/TP53, HDAC1, APEX1, PTK2/FAK1, huntingtin/HTT, ATM, MAP2, NEFH and NEFM. Regulates several neu [...] (292 aa) | ||||
PTTG2 | Securin-2; Pituitary tumor-transforming 2; Belongs to the securin family. (191 aa) | ||||
CEP192 | Centrosomal protein of 192 kDa; Required for mitotic centrosome maturation and bipolar spindle assembly. Appears to be a major regulator of pericentriolar material (PCM) recruitment, centrosome maturation, and centriole duplication. Centrosome- specific activating scaffold for AURKA and PLK1. (2537 aa) | ||||
SLAMF1 | Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule; Self-ligand receptor of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family. SLAM receptors triggered by homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions are modulating the activation and differentiation of a wide variety of immune cells and thus are involved in the regulation and interconnection of both innate and adaptive immune response. Activities are controlled by presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, SH2D1A/SAP and/or SH2D1B/EAT-2. SLAMF1-induced signal-transduction events in T-lymphocytes are different from those [...] (357 aa) | ||||
ITGAX | Integrin alpha-X; Integrin alpha-X/beta-2 is a receptor for fibrinogen. It recognizes the sequence G-P-R in fibrinogen. It mediates cell-cell interaction during inflammatory responses. It is especially important in monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis. (1169 aa) | ||||
TMC6 | Transmembrane channel-like protein 6; Probable ion channel; Belongs to the TMC family. (805 aa) | ||||
ANXA8 | Annexin A8. (365 aa) | ||||
CCNA2 | Cyclin-A2; Cyclin which controls both the G1/S and the G2/M transition phases of the cell cycle. Functions through the formation of specific serine/threonine protein kinase holoenzyme complexes with the cyclin- dependent protein kinases CDK1 or CDK2. The cyclin subunit confers the substrate specificity of these complexes and differentially interacts with and activates CDK1 and CDK2 throughout the cell cycle. (432 aa) | ||||
CD48 | CD48 antigen; Ligand for CD2. Might facilitate interaction between activated lymphocytes. Probably involved in regulating T-cell activation. (252 aa) | ||||
ACTB | Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed; Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of cells. Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and contraction. In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA. (375 aa) | ||||
H3-2 | H3.2 histone. (136 aa) | ||||
H3C12 | Histone H3.1; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa) | ||||
PXDNL | Peroxidasin-like protein; [Isoform PMR1]: Endonuclease selectively degrading some target mRNAs while they are engaged by translating ribosomes, among which albumin and beta-globin mRNAs. (1463 aa) | ||||
FN1 | Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts. (2477 aa) | ||||
CDK5RAP2 | CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2; Potential regulator of CDK5 activity via its interaction with CDK5R1. Negative regulator of centriole disengagement (licensing) which maintains centriole engagement and cohesion. Involved in regulation of mitotic spindle orientation (By similarity). Plays a role in the spindle checkpoint activation by acting as a transcriptional regulator of both BUBR1 and MAD2 promoter. Together with EB1/MAPRE1, may promote microtubule polymerization, bundle formation, growth and dynamics at the plus ends. Regulates centrosomal maturation by recruitment of [...] (1893 aa) | ||||
H3-5 | Histone H3.3C; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Hominid-specific H3.5/H3F3C preferentially colocalizes with euchromatin, and it is associated with actively transcribed genes. (135 aa) | ||||
H3C13 | Histone H3.2; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa) | ||||
TPX2 | Targeting protein for Xklp2; Spindle assembly factor required for normal assembly of mitotic spindles. Required for normal assembly of microtubules during apoptosis. Required for chromatin and/or kinetochore dependent microtubule nucleation. Mediates AURKA localization to spindle microtubules. Activates AURKA by promoting its autophosphorylation at 'Thr-288' and protects this residue against dephosphorylation. TPX2 is inactivated upon binding to importin-alpha. At the onset of mitosis, GOLGA2 interacts with importin-alpha, liberating TPX2 from importin-alpha, allowing TPX2 to activates [...] (747 aa) | ||||
PLK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs several important functions throughout M phase of the cell cycle, including the regulation of centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, the removal of cohesins from chromosome arms, the inactivation of anaphase- promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitors, and the regulation of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Polo-like kinase proteins acts by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates BORA, BUB1B/BUBR1, C [...] (603 aa) | ||||
ANXA5 | Annexin A5; This protein is an anticoagulant protein that acts as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade. (320 aa) | ||||
KIT | Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis. In response to KITLG/SCF binding, KIT can activate several signaling pathways. Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, SH2B2/APS and CBL. Activates the AKT1 signaling pathway by phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Activat [...] (976 aa) | ||||
SASS6 | Spindle assembly abnormal protein 6 homolog; Central scaffolding component of the centrioles ensuring their 9-fold symmetry. Required for centrosome biogenesis and duplication: required both for mother-centriole-dependent centriole duplication and deuterosome-dependent centriole amplification in multiciliated cells. Overexpression results in excess foci-bearing centriolar markers. Required for the recruitment of STIL to the procentriole and for STIL-mediated centriole amplification. (657 aa) | ||||
PLK4 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK4; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a central role in centriole duplication. Able to trigger procentriole formation on the surface of the parental centriole cylinder, leading to the recruitment of centriole biogenesis proteins such as SASS6, CENPJ/CPAP, CCP110, CEP135 and gamma-tubulin. When overexpressed, it is able to induce centrosome amplification through the simultaneous generation of multiple procentrioles adjoining each parental centriole during S phase. Phosphorylates 'Ser-151' of FBXW5 during the G1/S transition, leading to inhibit [...] (970 aa) | ||||
TP53 | Cellular tumor antigen p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its intera [...] (393 aa) | ||||
KLF1 | Krueppel-like factor 1; Transcription regulator of erythrocyte development that probably serves as a general switch factor during erythropoiesis. Is a dual regulator of fetal-to-adult globin switching. Binds to the CACCC box in the beta-globin gene promoter and acts as a preferential activator of this gene. Furthermore, it binds to the BCL11A promoter and activates expression of BCL11A, which in turn represses the HBG1 and HBG2 genes. This dual activity ensures that, in most adults, fetal hemoglobin levels are low. Able to activate CD44 and AQP1 promoters. When sumoylated, acts as a tr [...] (362 aa) | ||||
ITGA2B | Integrin alpha-IIb light chain, form 1; Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. It recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet/platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation which physically plugs ruptured endothelial cell surface. (1039 aa) | ||||
KIF11 | Kinesin-like protein KIF11; Motor protein required for establishing a bipolar spindle during mitosis. Required in non-mitotic cells for transport of secretory proteins from the Golgi complex to the cell surface ; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. BimC subfamily. (1056 aa) | ||||
CEP135 | Centrosomal protein of 135 kDa; Involved in early centriole assembly/duplication/biogenesis/formation/. Required for centriole elongation. Required for the recruitment of CEP295 to the proximal end of new-born centrioles at the centriolar microtubule wall during early S phase in a PLK4-dependent manner. (1140 aa) | ||||
CCNB1 | G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1; Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G2/M (mitosis) transition; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily. (433 aa) | ||||
H3-3B | Histone H3.3; Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in [...] (136 aa) | ||||
PXDN | Peroxidasin homolog; Displays low peroxidase activity and is likely to participate in H(2)O(2) metabolism and peroxidative reactions in the cardiovascular system. Plays a role in extracellular matrix formation. (1479 aa) | ||||
EPO | Erythropoietin; Hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte proliferation and differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass. Binds to EPOR leading to EPOR dimerization and JAK2 activation thereby activating specific downstream effectors, including STAT1 and STAT3. Belongs to the EPO/TPO family. (193 aa) | ||||
CD4 | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (458 aa) | ||||
PCNT | Pericentrin; Integral component of the filamentous matrix of the centrosome involved in the initial establishment of organized microtubule arrays in both mitosis and meiosis. Plays a role, together with DISC1, in the microtubule network formation. Is an integral component of the pericentriolar material (PCM). May play an important role in preventing premature centrosome splitting during interphase by inhibiting NEK2 kinase activity at the centrosome. (3336 aa) |