STRINGSTRING
HMGCR HMGCR RASA1 RASA1 CTSK CTSK NPC1 NPC1 SGSM2 SGSM2 ATP6V0A1 ATP6V0A1 EPCAM EPCAM IL1A IL1A CD68 CD68 CCR7 CCR7 RAB38 RAB38 CTSD CTSD IFNG IFNG IL10RA IL10RA CTSC CTSC IL2 IL2 CD4 CD4 SELL SELL ACTB ACTB CD63 CD63 FCGR3B FCGR3B IRGM IRGM RAB9A RAB9A IL10 IL10 PTPRC PTPRC LAMP2 LAMP2 TGFA TGFA TNF TNF LACC1 LACC1 SLC18A1 SLC18A1 CXCR4 CXCR4 IL6 IL6 HPS4 HPS4 GAPDH GAPDH ATG16L1 ATG16L1 CXCR3 CXCR3 FCGR1A FCGR1A CD1C CD1C FCGR3A FCGR3A RAB32 RAB32 PTGS2 PTGS2 RGS1 RGS1 RABIF RABIF MTOR MTOR CCRL2 CCRL2 CCR6 CCR6 NLRP3 NLRP3 CSF1 CSF1 CXCL8 CXCL8 TMEM192 TMEM192 FASN FASN NOD2 NOD2 LRRK2 LRRK2 CDCP1 CDCP1
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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HMGCR3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase; Transmembrane glycoprotein that is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis as well as in the biosynthesis of nonsterol isoprenoids that are essential for normal cell function including ubiquinone and geranylgeranyl proteins. (888 aa)
RASA1Ras GTPase-activating protein 1; Inhibitory regulator of the Ras-cyclic AMP pathway. Stimulates the GTPase of normal but not oncogenic Ras p21; this stimulation may be further increased in the presence of NCK1. (1047 aa)
CTSKCathepsin K; Thiol protease involved in osteoclastic bone resorption and may participate partially in the disorder of bone remodeling. Displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH. May play an important role in extracellular matrix degradation. Involved in the release of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) by limited proteolysis of TG/thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen. (329 aa)
NPC1NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1; Intracellular cholesterol transporter which acts in concert with NPC2 and plays an important role in the egress of cholesterol from the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Unesterified cholesterol that has been released from LDLs in the lumen of the late endosomes/lysosomes is transferred by NPC2 to the cholesterol-binding pocket in the N-terminal domain of NPC1. Cholesterol binds to NPC1 with the hydroxyl group buried in the binding pocket. Binds oxysterol with higher affinity than cholesterol. May play a role in vesicular trafficking in glia, [...] (1278 aa)
SGSM2Small G protein signaling modulator 2; Possesses GTPase activator activity towards RAB32, RAB33B and RAB38. Regulates the trafficking of melanogenic enzymes TYR, TYRP1 and DCT/TYRP2 to melanosomes in melanocytes by inactivating RAB32 and RAB38. Inhibits RAB32 and RAB38 activation both directly by promoting their GTPase activity and indirectly by disrupting the RAB9A-HPS4 interaction which is required for RAB32/38 activation. Belongs to the RUTBC family. (1051 aa)
ATP6V0A1V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 1; Required for assembly and activity of the vacuolar ATPase. Potential role in differential targeting and regulation of the enzyme for a specific organelle (By similarity). (838 aa)
EPCAMEpithelial cell adhesion molecule; May act as a physical homophilic interaction molecule between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) at the mucosal epithelium for providing immunological barrier as a first line of defense against mucosal infection. Plays a role in embryonic stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Up-regulates the expression of FABP5, MYC and cyclins A and E. (314 aa)
IL1AInterleukin-1 alpha; Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. (271 aa)
CD68Macrosialin; Could play a role in phagocytic activities of tissue macrophages, both in intracellular lysosomal metabolism and extracellular cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions. Binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins, allowing homing of macrophage subsets to particular sites. Rapid recirculation of CD68 from endosomes and lysosomes to the plasma membrane may allow macrophages to crawl over selectin-bearing substrates or other cells. (354 aa)
CCR7C-C chemokine receptor type 7; Receptor for the MIP-3-beta chemokine. Probable mediator of EBV effects on B-lymphocytes or of normal lymphocyte functions; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (378 aa)
RAB38Ras-related protein Rab-38; May be involved in melanosomal transport and docking. Involved in the proper sorting of TYRP1. Involved in peripheral melanosomal distribution of TYRP1 in melanocytes; the function, which probably is implicating vesicle-trafficking, includes cooperation with ANKRD27 and VAMP7 (By similarity). Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis. In concert with RAB32, regulates the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzyme [...] (211 aa)
CTSDCathepsin D heavy chain; Acid protease active in intracellular protein breakdown. Plays a role in APP processing following cleavage and activation by ADAM30 which leads to APP degradation. Involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as breast cancer and possibly Alzheimer disease. (412 aa)
IFNGInterferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons; Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family. (166 aa)
IL10RAInterleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha; Cell surface receptor for the cytokine IL10 that participates in IL10-mediated anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Upon binding to IL10, induces a conformational change in IL10RB, allowing IL10RB to bind IL10 as well. In turn, the heterotetrameric assembly complex, composed of two subunits of IL10RA and IL10RB, activates the kinases JAK1 and TYK2 that are constitutively associated with IL10RA and IL10RB respectively. These kinases then phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues in the intracellul [...] (578 aa)
CTSCDipeptidyl peptidase 1 exclusion domain chain; Thiol protease. Has dipeptidylpeptidase activity. Active against a broad range of dipeptide substrates composed of both polar and hydrophobic amino acids. Proline cannot occupy the P1 position and arginine cannot occupy the P2 position of the substrate. Can act as both an exopeptidase and endopeptidase. Activates serine proteases such as elastase, cathepsin G and granzymes A and B. Can also activate neuraminidase and factor XIII; Belongs to the peptidase C1 family. (463 aa)
IL2Interleukin-2; Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells. (153 aa)
CD4T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (458 aa)
SELLL-selectin; Calcium-dependent lectin that mediates cell adhesion by binding to glycoproteins on neighboring cells. Mediates the adherence of lymphocytes to endothelial cells of high endothelial venules in peripheral lymph nodes. Promotes initial tethering and rolling of leukocytes in endothelia. Belongs to the selectin/LECAM family. (385 aa)
ACTBActin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed; Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of cells. Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and contraction. In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA. (375 aa)
CD63CD63 antigen; Functions as cell surface receptor for TIMP1 and plays a role in the activation of cellular signaling cascades. Plays a role in the activation of ITGB1 and integrin signaling, leading to the activation of AKT, FAK/PTK2 and MAP kinases. Promotes cell survival, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, spreading and migration, via its role in the activation of AKT and FAK/PTK2. Plays a role in VEGFA signaling via its role in regulating the internalization of KDR/VEGFR2. Plays a role in intracellular vesicular transport processes, and is required for normal tr [...] (238 aa)
FCGR3BLow affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B; Receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulins gamma. Low affinity receptor. Binds complexed or aggregated IgG and also monomeric IgG. Contrary to III-A, is not capable to mediate antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and phagocytosis. May serve as a trap for immune complexes in the peripheral circulation which does not activate neutrophils. (269 aa)
IRGMImmunity-related GTPase family M protein; Putative GTPase which is required for clearance of acute protozoan and bacterial infections. Functions in innate immune response probably through regulation of autophagy. May regulate proinflammatory cytokine production and prevent endotoxemia upon infection. May also play a role in macrophages adhesion and motility (By similarity). Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family. (181 aa)
RAB9ARas-related protein Rab-9A; Involved in the transport of proteins between the endosomes and the trans Golgi network. Involved in the recruitment of SGSM2 to melanosomes and is required for the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzymes TYR, TYRP1 and DCT/TYRP2 to melanosomes in melanocytes. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family. (201 aa)
IL10Interleukin-10; Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro- inflammatory cytokines i [...] (178 aa)
PTPRCReceptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C; Protein tyrosine-protein phosphatase required for T-cell activation through the antigen receptor. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation upon binding to DPP4. The first PTPase domain has enzymatic activity, while the second one seems to affect the substrate specificity of the first one. Upon T-cell activation, recruits and dephosphorylates SKAP1 and FYN. Dephosphorylates LYN, and thereby modulates LYN activity (By similarity); Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 1/6 subfamily. (1306 aa)
LAMP2Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2; Plays an important role in chaperone-mediated autophagy, a process that mediates lysosomal degradation of proteins in response to various stresses and as part of the normal turnover of proteins with a long biological half-live. Functions by binding target proteins, such as GAPDH and MLLT11, and targeting them for lysosomal degradation. Plays a role in lysosomal protein degradation in response to starvation (By similarity). Required for the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes during autophagy. Cells that lack LAMP2 express normal levels o [...] (411 aa)
TGFAProtransforming growth factor alpha; TGF alpha is a mitogenic polypeptide that is able to bind to the EGF receptor/EGFR and to act synergistically with TGF beta to promote anchorage-independent cell proliferation in soft agar. (166 aa)
TNFTumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T- cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 [...] (233 aa)
LACC1Laccase domain-containing protein 1; Central regulator of the metabolic function and bioenergetic state of macrophages. In macrophages, promotes flux through de novo lipogenesis to concomitantly drive high levels of both fatty-acid oxidation and glycolysis. (430 aa)
SLC18A1Chromaffin granule amine transporter; Involved in the transport of biogenic monoamines, such as serotonin, from the cytoplasm into the secretory vesicles of neuroendocrine and endocrine cells. (525 aa)
CXCR4C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Involved in the AKT signaling cascade. Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes. Involved in hematopoiesis and in car [...] (356 aa)
IL6Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasm [...] (212 aa)
HPS4Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 protein; Component of the BLOC-3 complex, a complex that acts as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for RAB32 and RAB38, promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting them from an inactive GDP-bound form into an active GTP-bound form. The BLOC-3 complex plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis and promotes the membrane localization of RAB32 and RAB38. (708 aa)
GAPDHGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations throu [...] (335 aa)
ATG16L1Autophagy-related protein 16-1; Plays an essential role in autophagy: interacts with ATG12- ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to LC3 (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B or MAP1LC3C), to produce a membrane-bound activated form of LC3 named LC3-II. Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane. Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response. Instead, promotes with NOD2 an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway. Plays a r [...] (624 aa)
CXCR3C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3; [Isoform 1]: Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 and mediates the proliferation, survival and angiogenic activity of human mesangial cells (HMC) through a heterotrimeric G- protein signaling pathway. Binds to CCL21. Probably promotes cell chemotaxis response. [Isoform 3]: Mediates the activity of CXCL11. (415 aa)
FCGR1AHigh affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I; High affinity receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulins gamma. Functions in both innate and adaptive immune responses. (374 aa)
CD1CT-cell surface glycoprotein CD1c; Antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. (333 aa)
FCGR3ALow affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A; Receptor for the Fc region of IgG. Binds complexed or aggregated IgG and also monomeric IgG. Mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and other antibody-dependent responses, such as phagocytosis. (359 aa)
RAB32Ras-related protein Rab-32; Acts as an A-kinase anchoring protein by binding to the type II regulatory subunit of protein kinase A and anchoring it to the mitochondrion. Also involved in synchronization of mitochondrial fission. Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis. In concert with RAB38, regulates the proper trafficking of melanogenic enzymes TYR, TYRP1 and DCT/TYRP2 to melanosomes in melanocytes (By similarity). Belongs to the smal [...] (225 aa)
PTGS2Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays imp [...] (604 aa)
RGS1Regulator of G-protein signaling 1; Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades, including signaling downstream of the N-formylpeptide chemoattractant receptors and leukotriene receptors. Inhibits B cell chemotaxis toward CXCL12 (By similarity). Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. (209 aa)
RABIFGuanine nucleotide exchange factor MSS4; Guanine-nucleotide-releasing protein that acts on members of the SEC4/YPT1/RAB subfamily. Stimulates GDP release from both YPT1 and RAB3A, but is less active on these proteins than on the SEC4 protein. Might play a general role in vesicular transport; Belongs to the DSS4/MSS4 family. (123 aa)
MTORSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF [...] (2549 aa)
CCRL2C-C chemokine receptor-like 2; Receptor for CCL19 and chemerin/RARRES2. Does not appear to be a signaling receptor, but may have a role in modulating chemokine- triggered immune responses by capturing and internalizing CCL19 or by presenting RARRES2 ligand to CMKLR1, a functional signaling receptors. Plays a critical role for the development of Th2 responses. (356 aa)
CCR6C-C chemokine receptor type 6; Receptor for the C-C type chemokine CCL20. Binds to CCL20 and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ion levels. Although CCL20 is its major ligand it can also act as a receptor for non-chemokine ligands such as beta-defensins. Binds to defensin DEFB1 leading to increase in intracellular calcium ions and cAMP levels. Its binding to DEFB1 is essential for the function of DEFB1 in regulating sperm motility and bactericidal activity. Binds to defensins DEFB4 and DEFB4A/B and mediates their chemotactic effects. The ligand-rec [...] (374 aa)
NLRP3NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3; As the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP3, PYCARD and CASP1 (and possibly CASP4 and CASP5). Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1-catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion. The active cytokin [...] (1036 aa)
CSF1Processed macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1; Cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes. Promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of bone resorption, and is required for normal bone development. Required for normal male a [...] (554 aa)
CXCL8Interleukin-8; IL-8 is a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells, but not monocytes. It is also involved in neutrophil activation. It is released from several cell types in response to an inflammatory stimulus. IL-8(6-77) has a 5-10-fold higher activity on neutrophil activation, IL-8(5-77) has increased activity on neutrophil activation and IL-8(7-77) has a higher affinity to receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 as compared to IL-8(1-77), respectively. (99 aa)
TMEM192Transmembrane protein 192. (271 aa)
FASN3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase; Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities as an acyl carrier protein. (2511 aa)
NOD2Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2; Involved in gastrointestinal immunity. Upon stimulation by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, binds the proximal adapter receptor-interacting RIPK2, which recruits ubiquitin ligases as XIAP, BIRC2, BIRC3, INAVA and the LUBAC complex, triggering activation of MAP kinases and activation of NF-kappa-B signaling. This in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of hundreds of genes involved in immune response. Required for MDP-induced NLRP1-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B release in macroph [...] (1040 aa)
LRRK2Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which phosphorylates a broad range of proteins involved in multiple processes such as neuronal plasticity, autophagy, and vesicle trafficking. Is a key regulator of RAB GTPases by regulating the GTP/GDP exchange and interaction partners of RABs through phosphorylation. Phosphorylates RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C, RAB3D, RAB5A, RAB5B, RAB5C, RAB8A, RAB8B, RAB10, RAB12, RAB35, and RAB43. Regulates the RAB3IP-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange for RAB8A through the phosphorylation of 'Thr-72' on RAB8A. Inhibits the inte [...] (2527 aa)
CDCP1CUB domain-containing protein 1; May be involved in cell adhesion and cell matrix association. May play a role in the regulation of anchorage versus migration or proliferation versus differentiation via its phosphorylation. May be a novel marker for leukemia diagnosis and for immature hematopoietic stem cell subsets. Belongs to the tetraspanin web involved in tumor progression and metastasis. (836 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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