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DCN DCN PLOD1 PLOD1 MMP2 MMP2 TGFB1 TGFB1 COMP COMP FKBP14 FKBP14 PCOLCE PCOLCE PLOD3 PLOD3 COL1A1 COL1A1 LOX LOX SPARC SPARC P3H1 P3H1 TGFB3 TGFB3 ADAMTS2 ADAMTS2 COL8A1 COL8A1 LOXL1 LOXL1 P4HA1 P4HA1 LOXL3 LOXL3 LAMC2 LAMC2 VCAN VCAN LUM LUM KERA KERA ADAMTS17 ADAMTS17 MMP10 MMP10 GJA1 GJA1 PLOD2 PLOD2 MMP16 MMP16 CXCL16 CXCL16 FGF11 FGF11 ITGA2 ITGA2 COL1A2 COL1A2 COL14A1 COL14A1 PPIB PPIB CXCL10 CXCL10 CXCL11 CXCL11 SDC2 SDC2 MMP14 MMP14 VEGFB VEGFB ITGA3 ITGA3 P3H2 P3H2 FKBP10 FKBP10 BGN BGN COL10A1 COL10A1 P4HB P4HB THBS4 THBS4 ADAMTSL2 ADAMTSL2 FN1 FN1 FMOD FMOD P3H4 P3H4 ELN ELN MTOR MTOR COL6A1 COL6A1 TGFB2 TGFB2 ADAMTS4 ADAMTS4 COL11A1 COL11A1 COL5A1 COL5A1 TNMD TNMD COL15A1 COL15A1 OGN OGN MKX MKX ITGBL1 ITGBL1 IGFBP3 IGFBP3 LOXL2 LOXL2 LAMA1 LAMA1 IGF1 IGF1 ITGB1 ITGB1 GAPDH GAPDH ACAN ACAN CD44 CD44 TNF TNF PRG4 PRG4 P4HA3 P4HA3 FGF12 FGF12 AKT1 AKT1 CCL5 CCL5 CCL16 CCL16
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
DCNDecorin; May affect the rate of fibrils formation. (359 aa)
PLOD1Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1; Part of a complex composed of PLOD1, P3H3 and P3H4 that catalyzes hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen alpha chains and is required for normal assembly and cross-linkling of collagen fibrils (By similarity). Forms hydroxylysine residues in -Xaa-Lys- Gly- sequences in collagens. These hydroxylysines serve as sites of attachment for carbohydrate units and are essential for the stability of the intermolecular collagen cross-links (Probable). (727 aa)
MMP272 kDa type IV collagenase; Ubiquitinous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture. As well as degrading extracellular matrix proteins, can also act on several nonmatrix proteins such as big endothelial 1 and beta- type CGRP promoting vasoconstriction. Also cleaves KISS at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Appears to have a role in myocardial cell death pathways. Contributes to myocardial oxidative stress by regulating the activity of GSK3beta. Cleaves GSK3 [...] (660 aa)
TGFB1Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form fo [...] (390 aa)
COMPCartilage oligomeric matrix protein; May play a role in the structural integrity of cartilage via its interaction with other extracellular matrix proteins such as the collagens and fibronectin. Can mediate the interaction of chondrocytes with the cartilage extracellular matrix through interaction with cell surface integrin receptors. Could play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Potent suppressor of apoptosis in both primary chondrocytes and transformed cells. Suppresses apoptosis by blocking the activation of caspase-3 and by inducing the IAP family of survival proteins (BI [...] (757 aa)
FKBP14Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP14; PPIase which accelerates the folding of proteins during protein synthesis. Has a preference for substrates containing 4- hydroxylproline modifications, including type III collagen. May also target type VI and type X collagens. (211 aa)
PCOLCEProcollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 1; Binds to the C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen and enhances procollagen C-proteinase activity. (449 aa)
PLOD3Multifunctional procollagen lysine hydroxylase and glycosyltransferase LH3; Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes a series of essential post-translational modifications on Lys residues in procollagen. Plays a redundant role in catalyzing the formation of hydroxylysine residues in -Xaa-Lys-Gly- sequences in collagens. Plays a redundant role in catalyzing the transfer of galactose onto hydroxylysine groups, giving rise to galactosyl 5-hydroxylysine. Has an essential role by catalyzing the subsequent transfer of glucose moieties, giving rise to 1,2-glucosylgalactosyl-5-hydroxylysine resid [...] (738 aa)
COL1A1Collagen alpha-1(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). (1464 aa)
LOXProtein-lysine 6-oxidase, short form; Responsible for the post-translational oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin. Regulator of Ras expression. May play a role in tumor suppression. Plays a role in the aortic wall architecture (By similarity); Belongs to the lysyl oxidase family. (417 aa)
SPARCSPARC; Appears to regulate cell growth through interactions with the extracellular matrix and cytokines. Binds calcium and copper, several types of collagen, albumin, thrombospondin, PDGF and cell membranes. There are two calcium binding sites; an acidic domain that binds 5 to 8 Ca(2+) with a low affinity and an EF-hand loop that binds a Ca(2+) ion with a high affinity. (303 aa)
P3H1Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1; Basement membrane-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). Has prolyl 3-hydroxylase activity catalyzing the post- translational formation of 3-hydroxyproline in -Xaa-Pro-Gly- sequences in collagens, especially types IV and V. May be involved in the secretory pathway of cells. Has growth suppressive activity in fibroblasts. (804 aa)
TGFB3Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-beta-3) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-3, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-3: Multifunctional protein that regulates embryogenesis and cell differentiation and is required in various processes such as secondary palate development (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi appa [...] (412 aa)
ADAMTS2A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 2; Cleaves the propeptides of type I and II collagen prior to fibril assembly (By similarity). Does not act on type III collagen (By similarity). Cleaves lysyl oxidase LOX at a site downstream of its propeptide cleavage site to produce a short LOX form with reduced collagen-binding activity. (1211 aa)
COL8A1Collagen alpha-1(VIII) chain; Macromolecular component of the subendothelium. Major component of the Descemet's membrane (basement membrane) of corneal endothelial cells. Also component of the endothelia of blood vessels. Necessary for migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and thus, has a potential role in the maintenance of vessel wall integrity and structure, in particular in atherogenesis. (744 aa)
LOXL1Lysyl oxidase homolog 1; Active on elastin and collagen substrates. (574 aa)
P4HA1Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1; Catalyzes the post-translational formation of 4- hydroxyproline in -Xaa-Pro-Gly- sequences in collagens and other proteins; Belongs to the P4HA family. (534 aa)
LOXL3Lysyl oxidase homolog 3; Protein-lysine 6-oxidase that mediates the oxidation of peptidyl lysine residues to allysine in target proteins. Catalyzes the post-translational oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors of elastin and different types of collagens, a prerequisite in the formation of cross-links between collagens and elastin. Required for somite boundary formation by catalyzing oxidation of fibronectin (FN1), enhancing integrin signaling in myofibers and their adhesion to the myotendinous junction (MTJ) (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of inflammatory [...] (753 aa)
LAMC2Laminin subunit gamma-2; Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components. Ladsin exerts cell-scattering activity toward a wide variety of cells, including epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblastic cells. (1193 aa)
VCANVersican core protein; May play a role in intercellular signaling and in connecting cells with the extracellular matrix. May take part in the regulation of cell motility, growth and differentiation. Binds hyaluronic acid. (3396 aa)
LUMLumican; Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class II subfamily. (338 aa)
KERAKeratocan; May be important in developing and maintaining corneal transparency and for the structure of the stromal matrix. (352 aa)
ADAMTS17ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 17. (1095 aa)
MMP10Stromelysin-2; Can degrade fibronectin, gelatins of type I, III, IV, and V; weakly collagens III, IV, and V. Activates procollagenase; Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (476 aa)
GJA1Gap junction alpha-1 protein; Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. May play a critical role in the physiology of hearing by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli a [...] (382 aa)
PLOD2Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2; Forms hydroxylysine residues in -Xaa-Lys-Gly- sequences in collagens. These hydroxylysines serve as sites of attachment for carbohydrate units and are essential for the stability of the intermolecular collagen cross-links. (758 aa)
MMP16Matrix metalloproteinase-16; Endopeptidase that degrades various components of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen type III and fibronectin. Activates progelatinase A. Involved in the matrix remodeling of blood vessels. Isoform short cleaves fibronectin and also collagen type III, but at lower rate. It has no effect on type I, II, IV and V collagen. However, upon interaction with CSPG4, it may be involved in degradation and invasion of type I collagen by melanoma cells. Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (607 aa)
CXCL16C-X-C motif chemokine 16; Acts as a scavenger receptor on macrophages, which specifically binds to OxLDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein), suggesting that it may be involved in pathophysiology such as atherogenesis (By similarity). Induces a strong chemotactic response. Induces calcium mobilization. Binds to CXCR6/Bonzo; Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family. (273 aa)
FGF11Fibroblast growth factor 11; Probably involved in nervous system development and function; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (225 aa)
ITGA2Integrin alpha-2; Integrin alpha-2/beta-1 is a receptor for laminin, collagen, collagen C-propeptides, fibronectin and E-cadherin. It recognizes the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G-E-R in collagen. It is responsible for adhesion of platelets and other cells to collagens, modulation of collagen and collagenase gene expression, force generation and organization of newly synthesized extracellular matrix. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA2:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human echoviruses 1 and 8. (1181 aa)
COL1A2Collagen alpha-2(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen); Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family. (1366 aa)
COL14A1Collagen alpha-1(XIV) chain; Plays an adhesive role by integrating collagen bundles. It is probably associated with the surface of interstitial collagen fibrils via COL1. The COL2 domain may then serve as a rigid arm which sticks out from the fibril and protrudes the large N-terminal globular domain into the extracellular space, where it might interact with other matrix molecules or cell surface receptors (By similarity). (1796 aa)
PPIBPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B; PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding. (216 aa)
CXCL10C-X-C motif chemokine 10; Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects. Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (By similarity). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increas [...] (98 aa)
CXCL11C-X-C motif chemokine 11; Chemotactic for interleukin-activated T-cells but not unstimulated T-cells, neutrophils or monocytes. Induces calcium release in activated T-cells. Binds to CXCR3. May play an important role in CNS diseases which involve T-cell recruitment. May play a role in skin immune responses; Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family. (94 aa)
SDC2Syndecan-2; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Regulates dendritic arbor morphogenesis (By similarity). (201 aa)
MMP14Matrix metalloproteinase-14; Endopeptidase that degrades various components of the extracellular matrix such as collagen. Activates progelatinase A. Essential for pericellular collagenolysis and modeling of skeletal and extraskeletal connective tissues during development (By similarity). May be involved in actin cytoskeleton reorganization by cleaving PTK7. Acts as a positive regulator of cell growth and migration via activation of MMP15. Involved in the formation of the fibrovascular tissues in association with pro-MMP2. Cleaves ADGRB1 to release vasculostatin-40 which inhibits angiog [...] (582 aa)
VEGFBVascular endothelial growth factor B; Growth factor for endothelial cells. VEGF-B167 binds heparin and neuropilin-1 whereas the binding to neuropilin-1 of VEGF-B186 is regulated by proteolysis. (207 aa)
ITGA3Integrin alpha-3 heavy chain; Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 is a receptor for fibronectin, laminin, collagen, epiligrin, thrombospondin and CSPG4. Integrin alpha- 3/beta-1 provides a docking site for FAP (seprase) at invadopodia plasma membranes in a collagen-dependent manner and hence may participate in the adhesion, formation of invadopodia and matrix degradation processes, promoting cell invasion. Alpha-3/beta-1 may mediate with LGALS3 the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. (1051 aa)
P3H2Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2; Prolyl 3-hydroxylase that catalyzes the post-translational formation of 3-hydroxyproline on collagens. Contributes to proline 3-hydroxylation of collagen COL4A1 and COL1A1 in tendons, the eye sclera and in the eye lens capsule (By similarity). Has high activity with the type IV collagen COL4A1, and lower activity with COL1A1. Catalyzes hydroxylation of the first Pro in Gly-Pro-Hyp sequences where Hyp is 4-hydroxyproline. Has no activity on substrates that lack 4- hydroxyproline in the third position. Belongs to the leprecan family. (708 aa)
FKBP10Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP10; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins during protein synthesis. (582 aa)
BGNBiglycan; May be involved in collagen fiber assembly. (368 aa)
COL10A1Collagen alpha-1(X) chain; Type X collagen is a product of hypertrophic chondrocytes and has been localized to presumptive mineralization zones of hyaline cartilage. (680 aa)
P4HBProtein disulfide-isomerase; This multifunctional protein catalyzes the formation, breakage and rearrangement of disulfide bonds. At the cell surface, seems to act as a reductase that cleaves disulfide bonds of proteins attached to the cell. May therefore cause structural modifications of exofacial proteins. Inside the cell, seems to form/rearrange disulfide bonds of nascent proteins. At high concentrations, functions as a chaperone that inhibits aggregation of misfolded proteins. At low concentrations, facilitates aggregation (anti-chaperone activity). May be involved with other chape [...] (508 aa)
THBS4Thrombospondin-4; Adhesive glycoprotein that mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to- matrix interactions and is involved in various processes including cellular proliferation, migration, adhesion and attachment, inflammatory response to CNS injury, regulation of vascular inflammation and adaptive responses of the heart to pressure overload and in myocardial function and remodeling. Binds to structural extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and modulates the ECM in response to tissue damage, contributing to cardioprotective and adaptive ECM remodeling. Plays a role in ER stress response, via it [...] (961 aa)
ADAMTSL2ADAMTS-like protein 2; ADAMTS like 2. (951 aa)
FN1Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts. (2477 aa)
FMODFibromodulin; Affects the rate of fibrils formation. May have a primary role in collagen fibrillogenesis (By similarity); Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class II subfamily. (376 aa)
P3H4Endoplasmic reticulum protein SC65; Part of a complex composed of PLOD1, P3H3 and P3H4 that catalyzes hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen alpha chains and is required for normal assembly and cross-linking of collagen fibrils. Required for normal bone density and normal skin stability via its role in hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen alpha chains and in collagen fibril assembly; Belongs to the leprecan family. (437 aa)
ELNElastin; Major structural protein of tissues such as aorta and nuchal ligament, which must expand rapidly and recover completely. Molecular determinant of the late arterial morphogenesis, stabilizing arterial structure by regulating proliferation and organization of vascular smooth muscle (By similarity). (786 aa)
MTORSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF [...] (2549 aa)
COL6A1Collagen alpha-1(VI) chain; Collagen VI acts as a cell-binding protein. (1028 aa)
TGFB2Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development. Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth fact [...] (442 aa)
ADAMTS4A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4; Cleaves aggrecan, a cartilage proteoglycan, and may be involved in its turnover. May play an important role in the destruction of aggrecan in arthritic diseases. Could also be a critical factor in the exacerbation of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease. Cleaves aggrecan at the '392-Glu-|-Ala-393' site. (837 aa)
COL11A1Collagen alpha-1(XI) chain; May play an important role in fibrillogenesis by controlling lateral growth of collagen II fibrils. (1806 aa)
COL5A1Collagen alpha-1(V) chain; Type V collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). It is a minor connective tissue component of nearly ubiquitous distribution. Type V collagen binds to DNA, heparan sulfate, thrombospondin, heparin, and insulin. (1838 aa)
TNMDTenomodulin; May be an angiogenesis inhibitor. (317 aa)
COL15A1Collagen alpha-1(XV) chain; Structural protein that stabilizes microvessels and muscle cells, both in heart and in skeletal muscle. (1388 aa)
OGNMimecan; Induces bone formation in conjunction with TGF-beta-1 or TGF- beta-2. (298 aa)
MKXHomeobox protein Mohawk; May act as a morphogenetic regulator of cell adhesion. Belongs to the TALE/IRO homeobox family. (352 aa)
ITGBL1Integrin subunit beta like 1. (494 aa)
IGFBP3Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3; IGF-binding proteins prolong the half-life of the IGFs and have been shown to either inhibit or stimulate the growth promoting effects of the IGFs on cell culture. They alter the interaction of IGFs with their cell surface receptors. Also exhibits IGF-independent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects mediated by its receptor TMEM219/IGFBP-3R. (297 aa)
LOXL2Lysyl oxidase homolog 2; Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine). Acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Shows no activity against histone H3 when it is trimethylated on 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) or when 'Lys-4' is monomethylated (H3K4me1) or dimethylated (H3K4me2). Also mediates deamination of methylated TAF10, a member of [...] (774 aa)
LAMA1Laminin subunit alpha-1; Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components. (3075 aa)
IGF1Insulin-like growth factor I; The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]- 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation. Ca(2+)-dependent exo [...] (158 aa)
ITGB1Integrin beta-1; Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G- E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha- 4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha- 11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha- 4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin [...] (798 aa)
GAPDHGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations throu [...] (335 aa)
ACANAggrecan core protein 2; This proteoglycan is a major component of extracellular matrix of cartilagenous tissues. A major function of this protein is to resist compression in cartilage. It binds avidly to hyaluronic acid via an N-terminal globular region. (2530 aa)
CD44CD44 antigen; Cell-surface receptor that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration, helping them to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment. Participates thereby in a wide variety of cellular functions including the activation, recirculation and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation and response to bacterial infection. Engages, through its ectodomain, extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan/HA, collagen, growth factors, cytokines or proteases and serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling, via its c [...] (742 aa)
TNFTumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T- cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 [...] (233 aa)
PRG4Proteoglycan 4 C-terminal part; Plays a role in boundary lubrication within articulating joints. Prevents protein deposition onto cartilage from synovial fluid by controlling adhesion-dependent synovial growth and inhibiting the adhesion of synovial cells to the cartilage surface. (1404 aa)
P4HA3Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-3; Catalyzes the post-translational formation of 4- hydroxyproline in -Xaa-Pro-Gly- sequences in collagens and other proteins; Belongs to the P4HA family. (604 aa)
FGF12Fibroblast growth factor 12; Involved in nervous system development and function. Involved in the positive regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity. Promotes neuronal excitability by elevating the voltage dependence of neuronal sodium channel SCN8A fast inactivation. (243 aa)
AKT1RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (480 aa)
CCL5C-C motif chemokine 5; Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The processed form RANTES(3-68) acts as a natural chemotaxis inhibitor and is a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1-infection. The second [...] (91 aa)
CCL16C-C motif chemokine 16; Shows chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils. Also shows potent myelosuppressive activity, suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Recombinant SCYA16 shows chemotactic activity for monocytes and THP-1 monocytes, but not for resting lymphocytes and neutrophils. Induces a calcium flux in THP-1 cells that were desensitized by prior expression to RANTES. (120 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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