STRINGSTRING
DDC DDC CXCL12 CXCL12 TLR2 TLR2 COMT COMT ARSA ARSA CASP1 CASP1 FOS FOS PIEZO2 PIEZO2 CCR5 CCR5 SESN2 SESN2 TLR4 TLR4 ARRB2 ARRB2 PAH PAH CCND1 CCND1 PRKACB PRKACB TRPV1 TRPV1 CXCR4 CXCR4 PTPN2 PTPN2 FOXP2 FOXP2 LOC100153783 LOC100153783 KLF2 KLF2 HIF1A HIF1A FCGR3A FCGR3A KLF9 KLF9 ADRB2 ADRB2 TH TH TSPO2 TSPO2 BDNF BDNF CXCL9 CXCL9 REN REN DDX58 DDX58 IL1B IL1B INS INS NFATC1 NFATC1 CCR9 CCR9 CCL21 CCL21 IFNG IFNG RORC RORC PRKACA PRKACA NFE2 NFE2 CHGB CHGB ALDH3A1 ALDH3A1 ARRB1 ARRB1 HTR2A HTR2A PRL PRL CXCL10 CXCL10 SNCA SNCA SLC1A3 SLC1A3 CTLA4 CTLA4 ICAM1 ICAM1 CXCR3 CXCR3 IRF3 IRF3 CD86 CD86 CCL5 CCL5 IDO2 IDO2 SRGN SRGN IL6 IL6 MAOB MAOB ADAMTS2 ADAMTS2 STAT4 STAT4 STAT6 STAT6 CD4 CD4 CD68 CD68 PNMT PNMT IL10 IL10 CXCR5 CXCR5 IL4 IL4 SLC1A6 SLC1A6 SLC1A2 SLC1A2 ALDH3B2 ALDH3B2 ALDH3B1 ALDH3B1 DRD4 DRD4 MAOA MAOA DRD3 DRD3 CD80 CD80 CCL19 CCL19 DCT DCT TGFA TGFA IL1B2 IL1B2 IDO1 IDO1 VCAM1 VCAM1 DBH DBH SLC1A1 SLC1A1 TYRP1 TYRP1 SLC1A7 SLC1A7 PIK3C3 PIK3C3 SLC1A5 SLC1A5 NFKBIA NFKBIA TSPO TSPO IL22 IL22 CD69 CD69 NTS NTS IL17A IL17A
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
DDCAromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase; Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) to dopamine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and L-tryptophan to tryptamine; Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family. (529 aa)
CXCL12C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12; Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family. (119 aa)
TLR2Toll-like receptor 2; Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. (785 aa)
COMTCatechol O-methyltransferase; Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones. Also shortens the biological half-lives of certain neuroactive drugs, like L-DOPA, alpha-methyl DOPA and isoproterenol; Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family. (270 aa)
ARSASulfatase domain-containing protein. (519 aa)
CASP1Caspase-1 subunit p10; Thiol protease that cleaves IL-1 beta between an Asp and an Ala, releasing the mature cytokine which is involved in a variety of inflammatory processes. Important for defense against pathogens. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). Can also promote apoptosis. Upon inflammasome activation, during DNA virus infection but not RNA virus challenge, controls antiviral immunity through the cleavage of CGAS, rendering it inactive. In apoptotic cells, cleaves SPHK2 which is released from cells and remains enzymatically active extracell [...] (406 aa)
FOSProto-oncogene c-Fos; Nuclear phosphoprotein which forms a tight but non-covalently linked complex with the JUN/AP-1 transcription factor. On TGF-beta activation, forms a multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex, at the AP1/SMAD-binding site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated signaling. Has a critical function in regulating the development of cells destined to form and maintain the skeleton. It is thought to have an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation (By similarity). In growing cells, activates phospholipid synthesis, possibly by activating CDS1 and [...] (440 aa)
PIEZO2Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component. (2797 aa)
CCR5C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (gene/pseudogene); Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (361 aa)
SESN2Sestrin 2. (471 aa)
TLR4Toll-like receptor 4; Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate. In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to [...] (841 aa)
ARRB2Arrestin beta 2. (493 aa)
PAHPhenylalanine hydroxylase. (450 aa)
CCND1Cyclin D1; Belongs to the cyclin family. (295 aa)
PRKACBcAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta; Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subu [...] (394 aa)
TRPV1Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1; Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. (832 aa)
CXCR4C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Involved in the AKT signaling cascade (By similarity). Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS- induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes (By similarity). Inv [...] (353 aa)
PTPN2Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type. (447 aa)
FOXP2Forkhead box P2. (734 aa)
LOC100153783Ovalbumin isoform X1; Belongs to the serpin family. (385 aa)
KLF2Kruppel-like factor 2. (357 aa)
HIF1AHypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform 1. (824 aa)
FCGR3ALow affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III; Receptor for the Fc region of complexed immunoglobulins gamma. Low affinity receptor. (259 aa)
KLF9Krueppel-like factor 9; Transcription factor that binds to GC box promoter elements. Selectively activates mRNA synthesis from genes containing tandem repeats of GC boxes but represses genes with a single GC box. Acts as an epidermal circadian transcription factor regulating keratinocyte proliferation; Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (334 aa)
ADRB2Beta-2 adrenergic receptor; Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30- fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine (By similarity). (418 aa)
THTyrosine hydroxylase. (596 aa)
TSPO2Translocator protein 2. (171 aa)
BDNFBrain-derived neurotrophic factor; Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2 (By similarity). During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including lo [...] (260 aa)
CXCL9C-X-C motif chemokine. (126 aa)
RENRenin preproprotein; Belongs to the peptidase A1 family. (407 aa)
DDX58Antiviral innate immune response receptor RIG-I; Innate immune receptor that senses cytoplasmic viral nucleic acids and activates a downstream signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. Forms a ribonucleoprotein complex with viral RNAs on which it homooligomerizes to form filaments. The homooligomerization allows the recruitment of RNF135 an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that activates and amplifies the RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling in an RNA length-dependent manner through ubiquitination-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Up [...] (943 aa)
IL1BInterleukin-1 beta; Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B- cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Promotes Th17 differentiation of T-cells. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T- helper 1 (Th1) cells. (267 aa)
INSInsulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (108 aa)
NFATC1Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1; Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2 or IL-4 gene transcription. Also controls gene expression in embryonic cardiac cells. Could regulate not only the activation and proliferation but also the differentiation and programmed death of T-lymphocytes as well as lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells. Required for osteoclastogenesis and regulates many genes important for osteoclast differentiation and function. (938 aa)
CCR9Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 9 isoform A; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (369 aa)
CCL21Putative CCL21 chemokine. (134 aa)
IFNGInterferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons; Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family. (166 aa)
RORCRAR related orphan receptor C. (518 aa)
PRKACAcAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for glucose- mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved in the [...] (357 aa)
NFE2Nuclear factor, erythroid 2. (373 aa)
CHGBSecretogranin-1; Secretogranin-1 is a neuroendocrine secretory granule protein, which may be the precursor for other biologically active peptides. (666 aa)
ALDH3A1Aldehyde dehydrogenase; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (527 aa)
ARRB1Arrestin beta 1. (607 aa)
HTR2A5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5- dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. S [...] (470 aa)
PRLProlactin; Prolactin acts primarily on the mammary gland by promoting lactation. (229 aa)
CXCL10C-X-C motif chemokine. (104 aa)
SNCAAlpha-synuclein; Neuronal protein that plays several roles in synaptic activity such as regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking and subsequent neurotransmitter release. Participates as a monomer in synaptic vesicle exocytosis by enhancing vesicle priming, fusion and dilation of exocytotic fusion pores. Mechanistically, acts by increasing local Ca(2+) release from microdomains which is essential for the enhancement of ATP-induced exocytosis. Acts also as a molecular chaperone in its multimeric membrane-bound state, assisting in the folding of synaptic fusion components called SNAREs [...] (142 aa)
SLC1A3Amino acid transporter. (498 aa)
CTLA4Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4; Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28. (223 aa)
ICAM1Intercellular adhesion molecule 1. (537 aa)
CXCR3C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 isoform 1; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (361 aa)
IRF3Interferon regulatory factor 3; Key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)- dependent immune responses which plays a critical role in the innate immune response against DNA and RNA viruses. Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and IFN- stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. Acts as a more potent activator of the IFN-beta (IFNB) gene than the IFN-alpha (IFNA) gene and plays a critical role in both the early and late phases of the IFNA/B gene induction. Found in an inactiv [...] (452 aa)
CD86T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 1. (337 aa)
CCL5C-C motif chemokine 5; Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (91 aa)
IDO2Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2. (412 aa)
SRGNSerglycin. (152 aa)
IL6Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasm [...] (241 aa)
MAOBAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] B; Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOB preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenylethylamine (By similarity). (518 aa)
ADAMTS2ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 2. (1204 aa)
STAT4Signal transducer and activator of transcription. (748 aa)
STAT6Signal transducer and activator of transcription. (847 aa)
CD4CD4 molecule. (494 aa)
CD68Macrosialin isoform A. (318 aa)
PNMTPhenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase; Converts noradrenaline to adrenaline. (283 aa)
IL10Interleukin-10; Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in [...] (219 aa)
CXCR5C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 isoform 1; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (373 aa)
IL4Interleukin-4; Participates in at least several B-cell activation processes as well as of other cell types. It is a costimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4; Belongs to the IL- [...] (133 aa)
SLC1A6Amino acid transporter. (564 aa)
SLC1A2Amino acid transporter. (639 aa)
ALDH3B2Aldehyde dehydrogenase; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (486 aa)
ALDH3B1Aldehyde dehydrogenase; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (481 aa)
DRD4Dopamine receptor D4; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (333 aa)
MAOAAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] A; Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOA preferentially oxidizes biogenic amines such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine and epinephrine (By similarity). (946 aa)
DRD3Dopamine receptor D3; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (447 aa)
CD80CD80 molecule. (297 aa)
CCL19C-C motif chemokine. (100 aa)
DCTL-dopachrome tautomerase; Catalyzes the conversion of L-dopachrome into 5,6- dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Involved in regulating eumelanin and phaeomelanin levels. (519 aa)
TGFAProtransforming growth factor alpha; TGF alpha is a mitogenic polypeptide that is able to bind to the EGF receptor/EGFR and to act synergistically with TGF beta to promote anchorage-independent cell proliferation in soft agar. (160 aa)
IL1B2Multifunctional fusion protein; Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B- cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production; Belongs to the IL-1 family. (267 aa)
IDO1Uncharacterized protein. (429 aa)
VCAM1Uncharacterized protein. (537 aa)
DBHDopamine beta-hydroxylase. (610 aa)
SLC1A1Amino acid transporter. (524 aa)
TYRP15,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase. (562 aa)
SLC1A7Amino acid transporter. (560 aa)
PIK3C3Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; Catalytic subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Involved in the transport of lysosomal enzyme precursors to lysosomes. Requ [...] (863 aa)
SLC1A5Amino acid transporter. (541 aa)
NFKBIANF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha; Inhibits the activity of dimeric NF-kappa-B/REL complexes by trapping REL dimers in the cytoplasm through masking of their nuclear localization signals. On cellular stimulation by immune and proinflammatory responses, becomes phosphorylated promoting ubiquitination and degradation, enabling the dimeric RELA to translocate to the nucleus and activate transcription. (314 aa)
TSPOTranslocator protein; Promotes the transport of cholesterol across mitochondrial membranes and may play a role in lipid metabolism, but its precise physiological role is controversial. It is apparently not required for steroid hormone biosynthesis. Can bind protoporphyrin IX and may play a role in the transport of porphyrins and heme. Was initially identified as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; can also bind isoquinoline carboxamides (By similarity); Belongs to the TspO/BZRP family. (169 aa)
IL22Interleukin 22. (190 aa)
CD69C-type lectin domain-containing protein. (200 aa)
NTSNeurotensin/neuromedin N preproprotein. (171 aa)
IL17AInterleukin-17A; Ligand for IL17RA and IL17RC. The heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17F is a ligand for the heterodimeric complex formed by IL17RA and IL17RC. Involved in inducing stromal cells to produce proinflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines. Belongs to the IL-17 family. (153 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Sus scrofa
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9823
Other names: S. scrofa, pig, pigs, swine, wild boar
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