STRINGSTRING
HADHB HADHB TIPARP TIPARP IL13 IL13 PPARGC1A PPARGC1A HGFAC HGFAC BCL2L1 BCL2L1 MYL2 MYL2 NR1D1 NR1D1 IFNG IFNG LDHA LDHA ELOVL6 ELOVL6 RDH16 RDH16 ATP2A2 ATP2A2 NR4A2 NR4A2 PCK2 PCK2 ATP1B1 ATP1B1 ACSL1 ACSL1 CPT1B CPT1B INS INS SIK1 SIK1 CEBPB CEBPB ANKRD1 ANKRD1 CS CS PSMC6 PSMC6 LIPE LIPE PYM1 PYM1 IRS2 IRS2 GPCPD1 GPCPD1 PKM PKM UCP3 UCP3 ADRB2 ADRB2 TUBB2B TUBB2B HSP90AA1 HSP90AA1 APOC3 APOC3 TLR4 TLR4 PDK2 PDK2 PSMD14 PSMD14 LEP LEP HBB HBB ACADM ACADM IL18 IL18 CPT2 CPT2 HSPA6 HSPA6 PRSS8 PRSS8 HK2 HK2 KCNC4 KCNC4 CIART CIART CASQ1 CASQ1 KLF10 KLF10 ACTC1 ACTC1 IGF1 IGF1 SLN SLN NCBP2 NCBP2 SLC2A4 SLC2A4 CD36 CD36 UCP2 UCP2 IL4 IL4 ARRDC3 ARRDC3 SIRT6 SIRT6 PNPLA2 PNPLA2 ALAS2 ALAS2 RCAN1 RCAN1 DUSP10 DUSP10
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
HADHBUncharacterized protein; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (511 aa)
TIPARPTCDD inducible poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. (657 aa)
IL13Interleukin-13; Cytokine. Inhibits inflammatory cytokine production. Synergizes with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis. May be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. (131 aa)
PPARGC1APeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Induces the expression of PERM1 in [...] (796 aa)
HGFACHGF activator. (661 aa)
BCL2L1Bcl-2-like protein 1; Potent inhibitor of cell death. Inhibits activation of caspases. Appears to regulate cell death by blocking the voltage- dependent anion channel (VDAC) by binding to it and preventing the release of the caspase activator, CYC1, from the mitochondrial membrane. Also acts as a regulator of G2 checkpoint and progression to cytokinesis during mitosis. Regulates presynaptic plasticity, including neurotransmitter release and recovery, number of axonal mitochondria as well as size and number of synaptic vesicle clusters. During synaptic stimulation, increases ATP availab [...] (233 aa)
MYL2Myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform. (166 aa)
NR1D1Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 isoform X2. (616 aa)
IFNGInterferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons; Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family. (166 aa)
LDHAL-lactate dehydrogenase A chain. (443 aa)
ELOVL6Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6; Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle. Condensing enzyme that elongates fatty acids with 12, 14 and 16 carbons with higher activity toward C16:0 acyl-CoAs. Catalyzes the synthesis of unsaturated C16 long chain fatty acids and, to a lesser extent, C18:0 and those with low desaturation degre [...] (265 aa)
RDH16Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (317 aa)
ATP2A2Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Isoform SERCA2A is involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle. Acts as a regulator of TNFSF11-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathways via its interaction with TMEM64 which is critical for the TNFSF11-induced CREB1 activation and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation. Association between TMEM64 and SERCA2 in the ER leads to cytos [...] (1042 aa)
NR4A2Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 isoform X1. (609 aa)
PCK2Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial. (673 aa)
ATP1B1Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1; This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The beta subunit regulates, through assembly of alpha/beta heterodimers, the number of sodium pumps transported to the plasma membrane. (325 aa)
ACSL1Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1. (771 aa)
CPT1BCarnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform. (807 aa)
INSInsulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (108 aa)
SIK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK1. (787 aa)
CEBPBCCAAT/enhancer-binding protein. (346 aa)
ANKRD1Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1; May play an important role in endothelial cell activation. May act as a nuclear transcription factor that negatively regulates the expression of cardiac genes (By similarity). (339 aa)
CSCitrate synthase, mitochondrial; Belongs to the citrate synthase family. (464 aa)
PSMC6Proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 6; Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. (481 aa)
LIPEHormone-sensitive lipase; In adipose tissue and heart, it primarily hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids, while in steroidogenic tissues, it principally converts cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol for steroid hormone production. (1057 aa)
PYM1PYM homolog 1, exon junction complex associated factor. (266 aa)
IRS2Insulin receptor substrate 2. (1092 aa)
GPCPD1Glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase GPCPD1. (672 aa)
PKMMultifunctional fusion protein; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (1202 aa)
UCP3Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3; UCP are mitochondrial transporter proteins that create proton leaks across the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. As a result, energy is dissipated in the form of heat. May play a role in the modulation of tissue respiratory control. Participates in thermogenesis and energy balance (By similarity); Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family. (310 aa)
ADRB2Beta-2 adrenergic receptor; Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30- fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine (By similarity). (418 aa)
TUBB2BTubulin beta chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain; Belongs to the tubulin family. (465 aa)
HSP90AA1Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity which is essential for its chaperone activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Engages with a ra [...] (789 aa)
APOC3Apolipoprotein C-III; Component of triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. Plays a multifaceted role in triglyceride homeostasis. Intracellularly, promotes hepatic very low density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) assembly and secretion; extracellularly, attenuates hydrolysis and clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs). Impairs the lipolysis of TRLs by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and the hepatic uptake of TRLs by remnant receptors. Formed of several curved helices connected via semiflexible hinges, so that it can wrap tigh [...] (199 aa)
TLR4Toll-like receptor 4; Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate. In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to [...] (841 aa)
PDK2Protein-serine/threonine kinase. (437 aa)
PSMD1426S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14. (310 aa)
LEPLeptin; Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways (By similarity). In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, inc [...] (192 aa)
HBBHemoglobin subunit beta; Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues; Belongs to the globin family. (239 aa)
ACADMMedium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase specific for acyl chain lengths of 4 to 16 that catalyzes the initial step of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Utilizes the electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) as an electron acceptor to transfer electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase). (454 aa)
IL18Interleukin-18; A proinflammatory cytokine primarily involved in polarized T- helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses. Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T- helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Belongs to the IL-1 family. (201 aa)
CPT2Carn_acyltransf domain-containing protein; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (658 aa)
HSPA6Heat shock 70 kDa protein 6; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and ADP [...] (643 aa)
PRSS8Serine protease 8; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (344 aa)
HK2Hexokinase-2; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose and D-fructose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate and D- fructose 6-phosphate, respectively). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6- phosphate. Plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of the outer mitochondrial membrane by preventing the release of apoptogenic molecules from the intermembrane space and subsequent apoptosis. Belongs to the hexokinase family. (917 aa)
KCNC4Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 4; Belongs to the potassium channel family. (662 aa)
CIARTCircadian-associated transcriptional repressor isoform a. (453 aa)
CASQ1Calsequestrin; Calsequestrin is a high-capacity, moderate affinity, calcium- binding protein and thus acts as an internal calcium store in muscle. (402 aa)
KLF10Kruppel-like factor 10. (480 aa)
ACTC1Actin, alpha skeletal muscle, intermediate form; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (377 aa)
IGF1Insulin-like growth factor I; The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]- 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation. Ca(2+)-dependent exo [...] (230 aa)
SLNSarcolipin. (31 aa)
NCBP2Nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2; Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds co- transcriptionally to the 5' cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, translation regulation, nonsense- mediated mRNA decay, RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNA export. The CBC complex is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus, leading to the recruitment of the mRNA export machinery to the 5' end of mRNA and to mRNA export in a 5' to 3' direction through the nuclear pore. The CBC complex is also involved in mediating U [...] (156 aa)
SLC2A4Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4; Insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter, which plays a key role in removal of glucose from circulation. Response to insulin is regulated by its intracellular localization: in the absence of insulin, it is efficiently retained intracellularly within storage compartments in muscle and fat cells. Upon insulin stimulation, translocates from these compartments to the cell surface where it transports glucose from the extracellular milieu into the cell. (509 aa)
CD36Platelet glycoprotein 4 isoform X1; Belongs to the CD36 family. (472 aa)
UCP2Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2; UCP are mitochondrial transporter proteins that create proton leaks across the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis. As a result, energy is dissipated in the form of heat (By similarity). (308 aa)
IL4Interleukin-4; Participates in at least several B-cell activation processes as well as of other cell types. It is a costimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4; Belongs to the IL- [...] (133 aa)
ARRDC3Arrestin domain-containing protein 3 isoform a. (414 aa)
SIRT6Deacetylase sirtuin-type domain-containing protein. (327 aa)
PNPLA2Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1. (486 aa)
ALAS25-aminolevulinate synthase. (587 aa)
RCAN1Regulator of calcineurin 1. (249 aa)
DUSP10Dual specificity protein phosphatase 10; Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class dual specificity subfamily. (482 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Sus scrofa
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9823
Other names: S. scrofa, pig, pigs, swine, wild boar
Server load: low (34%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.