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| | PPARA | Uncharacterized protein. (469 aa) |
| | PRKAG1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1; AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a [...] (298 aa) |
| | LDHB | L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain; Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family. (377 aa) |
| | PPP4R3A | Protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3A. (833 aa) |
| | GYS1 | Glycogen [starch] synthase; Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non- reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan. (744 aa) |
| | CREB3L4 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 4. (395 aa) |
| | PRKAB2 | Protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2. (272 aa) |
| | PHKG1 | Phosphorylase kinase gamma 1; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (388 aa) |
| | PHKG2 | Phosphorylase kinase catalytic subunit gamma 2; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (406 aa) |
| | CREBBP | CREB-binding protein isoform a. (2440 aa) |
| | PPP4R3B | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3B isoform 3. (820 aa) |
| | PPP3CA | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase. (523 aa) |
| | PRKAB1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1; Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a reg [...] (271 aa) |
| | SIRT1 | NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 isoform a. (742 aa) |
| | CALML5 | Calmodulin like 5. (149 aa) |
| | PHKA1 | Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. (1227 aa) |
| | CPT1A | Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (771 aa) |
| | PLCB3 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1233 aa) |
| | LDHC | L-lactate dehydrogenase C chain; Possible role in sperm motility. (332 aa) |
| | CREB3L3 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 3. (493 aa) |
| | ARSI | Arylsulfatase family member I. (570 aa) |
| | GCG | Glicentin-related polypeptide; Glucagon plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia (By similarity). GLP-2 stimulates intestinal growth and up-regulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. The gastrointestinal tract, from the stomach to the colon is the principal target for GLP-2 action. Plays a [...] (180 aa) |
| | G6PC2 | Glucose-6-phosphatase; Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphatase family. (355 aa) |
| | PRKAG3 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3; AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a [...] (499 aa) |
| | PRKAG2 | Protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 2. (619 aa) |
| | CREB3L2 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 2. (520 aa) |
| | CREB5 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 5. (510 aa) |
| | PGAM2 | Phosphoglycerate mutase; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG- dependent PGAM subfamily. (253 aa) |
| | CRTC2 | CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2. (758 aa) |
| | EP300 | E1A binding protein p300. (2420 aa) |
| | PRKAA1 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (559 aa) |
| | ITPR2 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2. (2702 aa) |
| | GNAS-2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha. (250 aa) |
| | PDHA1 | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle. (396 aa) |
| | PPP3CB | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase. (527 aa) |
| | PCK1 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1. (841 aa) |
| | FOXO1 | Forkhead box protein O1; Transcription factor that is the main target of insulin signaling and regulates metabolic homeostasis in response to oxidative stress. Binds to the insulin response element (IRE) with consensus sequence 5'-TT[G/A]TTTTG-3' and the related Daf-16 family binding element (DBE) with consensus sequence 5'-TT[G/A]TTTAC-3'. Activity suppressed by insulin. Main regulator of redox balance and osteoblast numbers and controls bone mass. Orchestrates the endocrine function of the skeleton in regulating glucose metabolism. Acts synergistically with ATF4 to suppress osteocalc [...] (662 aa) |
| | PFKM | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, muscle type; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade 'E' sub-subfamily. (810 aa) |
| | CREB3 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 3. (373 aa) |
| | PPARGC1A | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Induces the expression of PERM1 in [...] (796 aa) |
| | PRKACA | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for glucose- mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved in the [...] (357 aa) |
| | GNAQ | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (359 aa) |
| | CREB1 | Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform B. (341 aa) |
| | PDE3B | Phosphodiesterase. (1117 aa) |
| | LDHA | L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain. (443 aa) |
| | PLCB4 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1216 aa) |
| | CPT1C | Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (732 aa) |
| | PCK2 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial. (673 aa) |
| | PFKL | 6-phosphofructokinase; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade "E" sub-subfamily. (782 aa) |
| | PHKB | Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. Belongs to the phosphorylase b kinase regulatory chain family. (1090 aa) |
| | PGAM1 | Phosphoglycerate mutase; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG- dependent PGAM subfamily. (254 aa) |
| | CPT1B | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform. (807 aa) |
| | PYGL | Alpha-1,4 glucan phosphorylase; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (854 aa) |
| | SIK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK1. (787 aa) |
| | AKT2 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (525 aa) |
| | G6PC | Glucose-6-phosphatase; Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphatase family. (357 aa) |
| | ACACA | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha. (2383 aa) |
| | GCK | Glucokinase. (659 aa) |
| | FBP2 | FBPase domain-containing protein; Belongs to the FBPase class 1 family. (344 aa) |
| | FBP1 | Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations, acting as a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. Plays a role in regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion of pancreatic beta-cells. Appears to modulate glycerol gluconeogenesis in liver. Important regulator of appetite and adiposity; increased expression of the protein in liver after nutrient excess increases circulating satiety hormones and reduces appetite-stimulating neuropeptides and thus seems to provide a feedback mechanism [...] (338 aa) |
| | AKT1 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (785 aa) |
| | GYS2 | Glycogen [starch] synthase; Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non- reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan. (699 aa) |
| | PYGM | Alpha-1,4 glucan phosphorylase; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (1369 aa) |
| | PKM | Multifunctional fusion protein; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (1202 aa) |
| | ATF2 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; Transcriptional activator which regulates the transcription of various genes, including those involved in anti-apoptosis, cell growth, and DNA damage response. Dependent on its binding partner, binds to CRE (cAMP response element) consensus sequences (5'-TGACGTCA- 3') or to AP-1 (activator protein 1) consensus sequences (5'-TGACTCA- 3'); Belongs to the bZIP family. (505 aa) |
| | G6PC3 | Glucose-6-phosphatase; Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphatase family. (346 aa) |
| | PRKAA2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2; Catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts a [...] (552 aa) |
| | ITPR3 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3. (2680 aa) |
| | PRKACB | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta; Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subu [...] (394 aa) |
| | PLCB2 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1194 aa) |
| | PPP4C | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase. (307 aa) |
| | SLC2A2 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2; Facilitative hexose transporter that mediates the transport of glucose and fructose. Likely mediates the bidirectional transfer of glucose across the plasma membrane of hepatocytes and is responsible for uptake of glucose by the beta cells; may comprise part of the glucose-sensing mechanism of the beta cell. May also participate with the Na(+)/glucose cotransporter in the transcellular transport of glucose in the small intestine and kidney. Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate; Belongs to the major fac [...] (559 aa) |
| | PPP3R1 | Uncharacterized protein. (188 aa) |
| | CAMK2B | Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta. (670 aa) |
| | ITPR1 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1. (2759 aa) |
| | SIK2 | Salt inducible kinase 2. (949 aa) |
| | PDHB | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2. (361 aa) |
| | PLCB1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1173 aa) |
| | ACACB | Biotin carboxylation domain-containing protein. (229 aa) |
| | CALM3 | Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the calmodulin family. (214 aa) |
| | PYGB | Alpha-1,4 glucan phosphorylase; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (843 aa) |
| | PFKFB1 | 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1. (560 aa) |
| | CALML4 | Uncharacterized protein. (154 aa) |
| | AKT3 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (500 aa) |
| | CREB3L1 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 1. (520 aa) |
