STRINGSTRING
BMPR1A BMPR1A SMAD6 SMAD6 BMP10 BMP10 WFIKKN1 WFIKKN1 FST FST BMP4 BMP4 SKIL SKIL GDF5 GDF5 GDF2 GDF2 BMP2 BMP2 INHBE INHBE SMAD4 SMAD4 GDF11 GDF11 SMAD9 SMAD9 INHA INHA MSTN MSTN ACVR1 ACVR1 TGFB3 TGFB3 SMAD3 SMAD3 BMP5 BMP5 SMAD2 SMAD2 ACVRL1 ACVRL1 EIF2AK4 EIF2AK4 AMH AMH BMP8A BMP8A TGFBR1 TGFBR1 ACVR2A ACVR2A AMHR2 AMHR2 BMP6 BMP6 ACVR1C ACVR1C LTBP1 LTBP1 SMURF1 SMURF1 CHRD CHRD GDF6 GDF6 ACVR1B ACVR1B SMAD7 SMAD7 ENG ENG GDF7 GDF7 BMP7 BMP7 SKI SKI BMP8B BMP8B LTBP4 LTBP4 TGFBR2 TGFBR2 NOG NOG INHBA INHBA INHBB INHBB BMPR2 BMPR2 SMURF2 SMURF2 LTBP3 LTBP3 BMPR1B BMPR1B TGFBR3 TGFBR3 GREM1 GREM1 TGFB2 TGFB2 TGFB1 TGFB1 SMAD5 SMAD5 ATP13A3 ATP13A3 LOC535280 LOC535280 FSTL3 FSTL3 ACVR2B ACVR2B SMAD1 SMAD1
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
BMPR1AReceptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (532 aa)
SMAD6Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog. (529 aa)
BMP10Bone morphogenetic protein 10. (424 aa)
WFIKKN1WAP, follistatin/kazal, immunoglobulin, kunitz and netrin domain containing 1. (550 aa)
FSTFollistatin; Binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). (344 aa)
BMP4Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction (By similarity). (409 aa)
SKILSKI like proto-oncogene. (684 aa)
GDF5Growth differentiation factor 5. (499 aa)
GDF2Growth differentiation factor 2. (431 aa)
BMP2Bone morphogenetic protein 2. (395 aa)
INHBEInhibin subunit beta E. (348 aa)
SMAD4Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4; Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic transcriptional activity in r [...] (553 aa)
GDF11Growth differentiation factor 11. (406 aa)
SMAD9Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog. (455 aa)
INHAInhibin alpha chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins; Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (360 aa)
MSTNGrowth/differentiation factor 8; Acts specifically as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. (375 aa)
ACVR1Activin receptor type-1; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for TGF-beta. May also bind activin; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (782 aa)
TGFB3Transforming growth factor beta; Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (452 aa)
SMAD3Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog. (425 aa)
BMP5Bone morphogenetic protein 5. (454 aa)
SMAD2Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator [...] (467 aa)
ACVRL1Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (513 aa)
EIF2AK4Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 4. (1649 aa)
AMHMuellerian-inhibiting factor; This glycoprotein, produced by the Sertoli cells of the testis, causes regression of the Muellerian duct. It is also able to inhibit the growth of tumors derived from tissues of Muellerian duct origin; Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (575 aa)
BMP8ATGF_BETA_2 domain-containing protein. (405 aa)
TGFBR1TGF-beta receptor type-1; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF- beta type II serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR2, the non- promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinog [...] (499 aa)
ACVR2AActivin receptor type-2A; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for activin A, activin B and inhibin A. Mediates induction of adipogenesis by GDF6; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (513 aa)
AMHR2Anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptor; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for anti-Muellerian hormone. (543 aa)
BMP6Bone morphogenetic protein 6. (496 aa)
ACVR1CReceptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (492 aa)
LTBP1Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1. (1708 aa)
SMURF1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. (731 aa)
CHRDChordin; Dorsalizing factor. Key developmental protein that dorsalizes early vertebrate embryonic tissues by binding to ventralizing TGF-beta family bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and sequestering them in latent complexes. (958 aa)
GDF6Growth/differentiation factor 6; Growth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal- ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map. Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-speci [...] (470 aa)
ACVR1BReceptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (505 aa)
SMAD7Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog. (430 aa)
ENGZP domain-containing protein. (650 aa)
GDF7Growth differentiation factor 7. (450 aa)
BMP7Bone morphogenetic protein 7. (431 aa)
SKISKI proto-oncogene. (729 aa)
BMP8BTGF_BETA_2 domain-containing protein. (405 aa)
LTBP4Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4. (1623 aa)
TGFBR2Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (595 aa)
NOGNoggin; Inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling which is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite. (232 aa)
INHBAInhibin beta A chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins. (425 aa)
INHBBInhibin beta B chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins. (408 aa)
BMPR2Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (1038 aa)
SMURF2E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. (738 aa)
LTBP3Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 3. (1297 aa)
BMPR1BSerine/threonine-protein kinase receptor; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (532 aa)
TGFBR3Transforming growth factor beta receptor 3. (858 aa)
GREM1CTCK domain-containing protein. (240 aa)
TGFB2Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transfor [...] (442 aa)
TGFB1Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form fo [...] (499 aa)
SMAD5Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog. (465 aa)
ATP13A3Cation-transporting ATPase; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily. (1276 aa)
LOC535280CTCK domain-containing protein. (519 aa)
FSTL3Follistatin-related protein 3; The secreted form is a binding and antagonizing protein for members of the TGF-beta family, such us activin, BMP2 and MSTN. Inhibits activin A-, activin B-, BMP2- and MSDT-induced cellular signaling; more effective on activin A than on activin B. Involved in bone formation; inhibits osteoclast differentiation. Involved in hematopoiesis; involved in differentiation of hemopoietic progenitor cells, increases hematopoietic cell adhesion to fibronectin and seems to contribute to the adhesion of hematopoietic precursor cells to the bone marrow stroma. The nucl [...] (262 aa)
ACVR2BActivin receptor type-2B; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-2 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin type-1 serine/threonine kinase receptors (ACVR1, ACVR1B or ACVR1c). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to [...] (793 aa)
SMAD1Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1; Transcriptional modulator activated by BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD1 is a receptor- regulated SMAD (R-SMAD). May act synergistically with SMAD4 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression; Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family. (465 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
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