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| | ZPR1 | Zinc finger protein ZPR1; Acts as a signaling molecule that communicates proliferative growth signals from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Plays a role for the localization and accumulation of the survival motor neuron protein SMN1 in sub-nuclear bodies, including gems and Cajal bodies. Induces neuron differentiation and stimulates axonal growth and formation of growth cone in spinal cord motor neurons. Plays a role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. May be involved in H(2)O(2)-induced neuronal cell death (By similarity). (459 aa) |
| | DNA2 | DNA replication ATP-dependent helicase/nuclease DNA2; Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair in nucleus and mitochondrion. Involved in Okazaki fragments processing by cleaving long flaps that escape FEN1: flaps that are longer than 27 nucleotides are coated by replication protein A complex (RPA), leading to recruit DNA2 which cleaves the flap until it is too short to bind RPA and becomes a substrate for FEN1. Also involved in 5'-end resection of DNA during double-strand break (DSB) repair: recruited by BLM and mediates the cleavage of 5'-ssDNA, while the 3'-ssDNA cleavag [...] (1061 aa) |
| | DCP1B | mRNA-decapping enzyme 1B; May play a role in the degradation of mRNAs, both in normal mRNA turnover and in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. May remove the 7- methyl guanine cap structure from mRNA molecules, yielding a 5'- phosphorylated mRNA fragment and 7m-GDP (By similarity). (581 aa) |
| | NUDT1 | Nudix hydrolase 1; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. (156 aa) |
| | APOBEC3H | Uncharacterized protein. (385 aa) |
| | LSM1 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm1; Plays a role in the degradation of histone mRNAs, the only eukaryotic mRNAs that are not polyadenylated (By similarity). Probably also part of an LSm subunits-containing complex involved in the general process of mRNA degradation (By similarity). (133 aa) |
| | PATL2 | PAT1 homolog 2. (356 aa) |
| | SAMD4A | Sterile alpha motif domain containing 4A. (825 aa) |
| | SUPV3L1 | Suv3 like RNA helicase. (535 aa) |
| | DIS3L | DIS3-like exonuclease 1; Putative cytoplasm-specific catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. (1053 aa) |
| | SMG6 | SMG6 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor. (1411 aa) |
| | FEN1 | Flap endonuclease 1; Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'- 3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site- terminated flap. Acts as [...] (380 aa) |
| | THRAP3 | Thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 3. (958 aa) |
| | ENTPD1 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1; In the nervous system, could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission. Could also be implicated in the prevention of platelet aggregation by hydrolyzing platelet-activating ADP to AMP. Hydrolyzes ATP and ADP equally well. (564 aa) |
| | ACOT7 | Uncharacterized protein. (398 aa) |
| | ENSBTAP00000070663 | dUTPase domain-containing protein. (165 aa) |
| | EXOSC2 | Exosome complex component RRP4; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytop [...] (293 aa) |
| | UPB1 | Beta-ureidopropionase 1. (468 aa) |
| | ENSBTAP00000068901 | HIT domain-containing protein. (99 aa) |
| | ENTPD4 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4; Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (616 aa) |
| | UPP2 | Uridine phosphorylase; Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylytic cleavage of uridine and deoxyuridine to uracil and ribose- or deoxyribose-1-phosphate. The produced molecules are then utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis. (341 aa) |
| | APOBEC3Z1 | CMP/dCMP-type deaminase domain-containing protein. (203 aa) |
| | CNOT6L | Endo/exonuclease/phosphatase domain-containing protein. (555 aa) |
| | CTIF | Cap binding complex dependent translation initiation factor. (598 aa) |
| | PDE4D | Phosphodiesterase. (678 aa) |
| | KHSRP | KH-type splicing regulatory protein. (750 aa) |
| | SMG7 | SMG7 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor. (1170 aa) |
| | NUDT5 | Nudix hydrolase 5; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. (172 aa) |
| | TENT2 | Poly(A) RNA polymerase GLD2; Cytoplasmic poly(A) RNA polymerase that adds successive AMP monomers to the 3'-end of specific RNAs, forming a poly(A) tail. In contrast to the canonical nuclear poly(A) RNA polymerase, it only adds poly(A) to selected cytoplasmic mRNAs. Does not play a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. Adds a single nucleotide to the 3' end of specific miRNAs, monoadenylation stabilizes and prolongs the activity of some but not all miRNAs. Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family. GLD2 subfamily. (576 aa) |
| | ADA | Adenosine deaminase; Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine and 2- deoxyadenosine (By similarity). Plays an important role in purine metabolism and in adenosine homeostasis (By similarity). Modulates signaling by extracellular adenosine, and so contributes indirectly to cellular signaling events (By similarity). Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4 (By similarity). Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion (By similarity). Enhances dendritic cell immunogenicity by affecting dendritic cell costimulatory molecule ex [...] (443 aa) |
| | PDE8B | Phosphodiesterase. (873 aa) |
| | PDE9A | Phosphodiesterase. (563 aa) |
| | PARN | Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease PARN; 3'-exoribonuclease that has a preference for poly(A) tails of mRNAs, thereby efficiently degrading poly(A) tails. Exonucleolytic degradation of the poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs and is also used to silence certain maternal mRNAs translationally during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, a critical process of selective degradation of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Also involved in degradation of inherently unstable mRNAs that contain AU-rich ele [...] (662 aa) |
| | PDE8A | Phosphodiesterase. (867 aa) |
| | RC3H1 | Ring finger and CCCH-type domains 1. (1124 aa) |
| | EDC4 | Enhancer of mRNA decapping 4. (1429 aa) |
| | EDC3 | Enhancer of mRNA decapping 3. (508 aa) |
| | AGO3 | Protein argonaute-3; Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them. Proposed to be involved in stabilization of small RNA derivates (riRNA) derived from processed RNA polymerase III-transcribed Alu repeats containing a DR2 retinoic acid response element (RARE) in stem cells and in the subsequent riRNA- dependent degradation of a subset of RNA polymerase II-transcribed coding mRNAs by recruiting a mRNA decapping complex involving EDC4. Possesses RNA slicer activity bu [...] (860 aa) |
| | CNOT2 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2. (550 aa) |
| | RNASEH1 | Ribonuclease H1; Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids. (298 aa) |
| | UPF2 | UPF2 regulator of nonsense mediated mRNA decay. (1271 aa) |
| | ENSBTAP00000062736 | Smg4_UPF3 domain-containing protein. (104 aa) |
| | EIF3E | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit E; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (486 aa) |
| | ENTPD6 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6 (Putative function); Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (456 aa) |
| | PAN3 | PAN2-PAN3 deadenylation complex subunit PAN3; Regulatory subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in general and miRNA-mediated mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein (PABP). PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent mRNA deca [...] (831 aa) |
| | XDH | Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase; Key enzyme in purine degradation. Catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine. Catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. Contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species. (1350 aa) |
| | ENSBTAP00000061451 | dUTPase domain-containing protein. (140 aa) |
| | PDE2A | cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase; Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. (1015 aa) |
| | RNPS1 | RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1; Part of pre- and post-splicing multiprotein mRNP complexes. Auxiliary component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junction on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. Component of the ASAP and PSAP complexes which bind RNA in a sequence-independent manner and are proposed to be recruited to the E [...] (367 aa) |
| | PATL1 | PAT1 homolog 1, processing body mRNA decay factor. (806 aa) |
| | FBH1 | F-box DNA helicase 1. (1067 aa) |
| | ENTPD3 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3; Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (539 aa) |
| | NUDT10 | Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 10. (164 aa) |
| | NBDY | Negative regulator of P-body association. (68 aa) |
| | PABPC1 | Polyadenylate-binding protein 1; Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA, including that of its own transcript, and regulates processes of mRNA metabolism such as pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA stability. Its function in translational initiation regulation can either be enhanced by PAIP1 or repressed by PAIP2. Can probably bind to cytoplasmic RNA sequences other than poly(A) in vivo. Involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region deter [...] (636 aa) |
| | NANOS2 | Nanos C2HC-type zinc finger 2; Belongs to the nanos family. (138 aa) |
| | CDADC1 | Cytidine and dCMP deaminase domain containing 1. (515 aa) |
| | G3N109_BOVIN | Uncharacterized protein. (129 aa) |
| | G3N0R6_BOVIN | CIDE-N domain-containing protein. (327 aa) |
| | ZFP36 | mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36; Zinc-finger RNA-binding protein that destabilizes numerous cytoplasmic AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNA transcripts by promoting their poly(A) tail removal or deadenylation, and hence provide a mechanism for attenuating protein synthesis. Acts as an 3'- untranslated region (UTR) ARE mRNA-binding adapter protein to communicate signaling events to the mRNA decay machinery. Recruits deadenylase CNOT7 (and probably the CCR4-NOT complex) via association with CNOT1, and hence promotes ARE-mediated mRNA deadenylation. Functions also by recruiting compo [...] (325 aa) |
| | ENTPD2 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2; Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (495 aa) |
| | SLFN14 | Schlafen family member 14. (910 aa) |
| | DCP2 | Decapping mRNA 2. (423 aa) |
| | ENTPD7 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 7; Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (604 aa) |
| | MGAT1 | Mannosyl (Alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. (447 aa) |
| | LIN28B | Lin-28 homolog B. (247 aa) |
| | PAN2 | PAN2-PAN3 deadenylation complex catalytic subunit PAN2; Catalytic subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in general and miRNA-mediated mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein (PABP). PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent [...] (1198 aa) |
| | NCBP1 | Nuclear cap binding protein subunit 1. (790 aa) |
| | ENPP1 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1. (924 aa) |
| | MUS81 | MUS81 structure-specific endonuclease subunit. (562 aa) |
| | NUDT11 | Diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase 3-beta; Cleaves a beta-phosphate from the diphosphate groups in PP- InsP5 (diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate), suggesting that it may play a role in signal transduction. Also able to catalyze the hydrolysis of dinucleoside oligophosphates, with Ap6A and Ap5A being the preferred substrates. The major reaction products are ADP and p4a from Ap6A and ADP and ATP from Ap5A. Also able to hydrolyze 5- phosphoribose 1-diphosphate; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DIPP subfamily. (164 aa) |
| | EXOSC10 | Exosome component 10. (702 aa) |
| | SIDT2 | SID1 transmembrane family member 2. (831 aa) |
| | MTREX | Mtr4 exosome RNA helicase. (1040 aa) |
| | NUDT19 | Nudix hydrolase 19. (381 aa) |
| | FOXL2 | Forkhead box protein L2; Transcriptional regulator. Critical factor essential for ovary differentiation and maintenance, and repression of the genetic program for somatic testis determination (By similarity). Prevents trans-differentiation of ovary to testis through transcriptional repression of the Sertoli cell-promoting gene SOX9 (By similarity). Has apoptotic activity in ovarian cells (By similarity). Suppresses ESR1- mediated transcription of PTGS2/COX2 stimulated by tamoxifen (By similarity). Activates SIRT1 transcription under cellular stress conditions (By similarity). Activates [...] (377 aa) |
| | PYM1 | Partner of Y14 and mago; Key regulator of the exon junction complex (EJC), a multiprotein complex that associates immediately upstream of the exon- exon junction on mRNAs and serves as a positional landmark for the intron exon structure of genes and directs post-transcriptional processes in the cytoplasm such as mRNA export, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) or translation. Acts as an EJC disassembly factor, allowing translation-dependent EJC removal and recycling by disrupting mature EJC from spliced mRNAs. Its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit probably prevents a translatio [...] (203 aa) |
| | SAMHD1 | Deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase SAMHD1; Protein that acts both as a host restriction factor involved in defense response to virus and as a regulator of DNA end resection at stalled replication forks (By similarity). Has deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTPase) activity, which is required to restrict infection by viruses: dNTPase activity reduces cellular dNTP levels to levels too low for retroviral reverse transcription to occur, blocking early-stage virus replication in dendritic and other myeloid cells. Likewise, suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposon activity (By similarit [...] (589 aa) |
| | NT5M | 5',3'-nucleotidase, mitochondrial. (225 aa) |
| | PNRC2 | Proline-rich nuclear receptor coactivator 2; Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) by acting as a bridge between the mRNA decapping complex and the NMD machinery. May act by targeting the NMD machinery to the P-body and recruiting the decapping machinery to aberrant mRNAs. Required for UPF1/RENT1 localization to the P-body. Plays a role in glucocorticoid receptor- mediated mRNA degradation by interacting with the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 in a ligand-dependent manner when it is bound to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and recruiting the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA- decapping [...] (139 aa) |
| | TTC37 | Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 37. (1563 aa) |
| | ATM | Serine-protein kinase ATM; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]- Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and mo [...] (3054 aa) |
| | NUDT12 | Peroxisomal NADH pyrophosphatase NUDT12; Hydrolyzes NAD(P)H to NMNH and AMP (2',5'-ADP), and diadenosine diphosphate to AMP. Has also activity towards NAD(P)(+), ADP-ribose and diadenosine triphosphate. May act to regulate the concentration of peroxisomal nicotinamide nucleotide cofactors required for oxidative metabolism in this organelle. (444 aa) |
| | DIS3L2 | DIS3-like exonuclease 2; 3'-5'-exoribonuclease that specifically recognizes RNAs polyuridylated at their 3' end and mediates their degradation. Component of an exosome-independent RNA degradation pathway that mediates degradation of both mRNAs and miRNAs that have been polyuridylated by a terminal uridylyltransferase, such as ZCCHC11/TUT4. Mediates degradation of cytoplasmic mRNAs that have been deadenylated and subsequently uridylated at their 3'. Mediates degradation of uridylated pre-let-7 miRNAs, contributing to the maintenance of embryonic stem (ES) cells. Essential for correct mi [...] (882 aa) |
| | ZHX2 | Zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2. (838 aa) |
| | CNP | 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase; May participate in RNA metabolism in the myelinating cell, CNP is the third most abundant protein in central nervous system myelin. (400 aa) |
| | APOBEC2 | Probable C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC-2; Probable C to U editing enzyme whose physiological substrate is not yet known. Does not display detectable apoB mRNA editing. Has a low intrinsic cytidine deaminase activity. May play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the process of active DNA demethylation. (313 aa) |
| | ZFP36L1 | ZFP36 ring finger protein like 1. (338 aa) |
| | ETF1 | Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor subunit 1; Directs the termination of nascent peptide synthesis (translation) in response to the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA. Component of the transient SURF complex which recruits UPF1 to stalled ribosomes in the context of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons. Required for SHFL-mediated translation termination which inhibits programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1PRF) of mRNA from viruses and cellular genes. (437 aa) |
| | F1MLM3_BOVIN | Uncharacterized protein. (994 aa) |
| | UOX | Uricase; Catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate, which is further processed to form (S)-allantoin. (360 aa) |
| | RC3H2 | Ring finger and CCCH-type domains 2. (1189 aa) |
| | NUDT7 | Nudix hydrolase 7. (238 aa) |
| | DPYS | Dihydropyrimidinase. (516 aa) |
| | NUDT17 | Nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X motif 17; Probably mediates the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. (302 aa) |
| | ZCCHC7 | Zinc finger CCHC domain-containing protein 7. (546 aa) |
| | SMPDL3A | Acid sphingomyelinase-like phosphodiesterase 3a; Has in vitro nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity with nucleoside triphosphates, such as ATP. Has in vitro activity with p- nitrophenyl-TMP. Has lower activity with nucleoside diphosphates, and no activity with nucleoside monophosphates. Has in vitro activity with CDP-choline, giving rise to CMP and phosphocholine. Has in vitro activity with CDP-ethanolamine. Does not have sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity. (450 aa) |
| | UPF1 | UPF1 RNA helicase and ATPase. (1127 aa) |
| | UPF3B | UPF3 regulator of nonsense transcripts homolog B (Yeast). (307 aa) |
| | UPF3A | UPF3A regulator of nonsense mediated mRNA decay. (286 aa) |
| | CNOT1 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 1. (2376 aa) |
| | SMG1 | SMG1 nonsense mediated mRNA decay associated PI3K related kinase; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (3658 aa) |
| | ABCD1 | ATP-binding cassette, sub-family D (ALD), member 1. (737 aa) |
| | ENTPD5 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5; Uridine diphosphatase (UDPase) that promotes protein N- glycosylation and ATP level regulation. UDP hydrolysis promotes protein N-glycosylation and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as elevated ATP consumption in the cytosol via an ATP hydrolysis cycle. Together with CMPK1 and AK1, constitutes an ATP hydrolysis cycle that converts ATP to AMP and results in a compensatory increase in aerobic glycolysis. The nucleotide hydrolyzing preference is GDP > IDP > UDP, but not any other nucleoside di-, mono- or triphosphates, nor thia [...] (428 aa) |
| | ENPP3 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3; Hydrolase that metabolizes extracellular nucleotides, including ATP, GTP, UTP and CTP (By similarity). Limits mast cell and basophil responses during inflammation and during the chronic phases of allergic responses by eliminating the extracellular ATP that functions as signaling molecule and activates basophils and mast cells and induces the release of inflammatory cytokines. Metabolizes extracellular ATP in the lumen of the small intestine, and thereby prevents ATP-induced apoptosis of intestinal plasmacytoid dendritic [...] (874 aa) |
| | RNASEH2B | Ribonuclease H2 subunit B; Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes (By similarity). (309 aa) |
| | DNASE1 | Deoxyribonuclease-1; Serum endocuclease secreted into body fluids by a wide variety of exocrine and endocrine organs. Expressed by non- hematopoietic tissues and preferentially cleaves protein-free DNA (By similarity). Among other functions, seems to be involved in cell death by apoptosis. Binds specifically to G-actin and blocks actin polymerization. Together with DNASE1L3, plays a key role in degrading neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (By similarity). NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation (By similarity). Deg [...] (282 aa) |
| | FITM2 | Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2; Plays an important role in lipid droplet accumulation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization (By similarity); Belongs to the FIT family. (262 aa) |
| | DFFB | DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta; Nuclease that induces DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. Degrades naked DNA and induces apoptotic morphology (By similarity). (341 aa) |
| | DNPH1 | 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate N-hydrolase 1; Catalyzes the cleavage of the N-glycosidic bond of deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates to yield deoxyribose 5-phosphate and a purine or pyrimidine base. Deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates containing purine bases are preferred to those containing pyrimidine bases. (160 aa) |
| | DIS3 | DIS3 homolog, exosome endoribonuclease and 3'-5' exoribonuclease; Belongs to the RNR ribonuclease family. (958 aa) |
| | REXO4 | REX4 homolog, 3'-5' exonuclease. (410 aa) |
| | NUDT3 | Diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase 1; Cleaves a beta-phosphate from the diphosphate groups in PP- InsP5 (diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate) and [PP]2-InsP4 (bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate), suggesting that it may play a role in signal transduction. InsP6 (inositol hexakisphosphate) is not a substrate. Also able to catalyze the hydrolysis of dinucleoside oligophosphates, with Ap6A and Ap5A being the preferred substrates. The major reaction products are ADP and p4a from Ap6A and ADP and ATP from Ap5A. Also able to hydrolyze 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate (By simila [...] (172 aa) |
| | NUDT15 | Nudix hydrolase 15. (171 aa) |
| | EXOG | Exo/endonuclease G. (368 aa) |
| | MAGOHB | Protein mago nashi homolog 2; Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Plays a redundant role with MAGOH in the exon junction complex and in the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. (148 aa) |
| | EXOSC3 | Exosome complex component RRP40; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (275 aa) |
| | AICDA | Single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase; Single-stranded DNA-specific cytidine deaminase. Involved in somatic hypermutation (SHM), gene conversion, and class-switch recombination (CSR) in B-lymphocytes by deaminating C to U during transcription of Ig-variable (V) and Ig-switch (S) region DNA. Required for several crucial steps of B-cell terminal differentiation necessary for efficient antibody responses. May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by participating in DNA demethylation. (199 aa) |
| | NUDT16 | U8 snoRNA-decapping enzyme; RNA-binding and decapping enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of the cap structure of snoRNAs and mRNAs in a metal-dependent manner. Part of the U8 snoRNP complex that is required for the accumulation of mature 5.8S and 28S rRNA. Has diphosphatase activity and removes m7G and/or m227G caps from U8 snoRNA and leaves a 5'monophosphate on the RNA. Catalyzes also the cleavage of the cap structure on mRNAs. Does not hydrolyze cap analog structures like 7-methylguanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m7GpppG). Also hydrolysis m7G- and m227G U3-capped RNAs but with less [...] (201 aa) |
| | DDX5 | DEAD-box helicase 5; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. (729 aa) |
| | EXOSC7 | Exosome component 7. (291 aa) |
| | DNASE1L3 | Deoxyribonuclease; Belongs to the DNase I family. (305 aa) |
| | CNOT7 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7; Has 3'-5' poly(A) exoribonuclease activity for synthetic poly(A) RNA substrate. Its function seems to be partially redundant with that of CNOT8. Catalytic component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. During miRNA-mediated repression the complex seems also to act as translational repressor during translationa [...] (285 aa) |
| | CNOT6 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 6. (557 aa) |
| | ADA2 | Adenosine deaminase 2. (535 aa) |
| | LRPPRC | Leucine rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing. (1391 aa) |
| | EXOSC5 | Exosome component 5. (235 aa) |
| | EIF4A3 | Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III, N-terminally processed; ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Core component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junctions on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. The EJC marks the position of the exon-exon junction in the mature mRNA for the gene expr [...] (411 aa) |
| | YTHDF2 | YTH domain-containing family protein 2; Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)- containing RNAs, and regulates mRNA stability. M6A is a modification present at internal sites of mRNAs and some non-coding RNAs and plays a role in mRNA stability and processing. Acts as a regulator of mRNA stability: binding to m6A-containing mRNAs results in mRNA degradation. Required maternally to regulate oocyte maturation: probably acts by binding to m6A-containing mRNAs, thereby regulating maternal transcript dosage during oocyte maturation, which is essential for the competence o [...] (580 aa) |
| | PDE12 | 2',5'-phosphodiesterase 12; Enzyme that cleaves 2',5'-phosphodiester bond linking adenosines of the 5'-triphosphorylated oligoadenylates, triphosphorylated oligoadenylates referred as 2-5A modulates the 2-5A system. Degrades triphosphorylated 2-5A to produce AMP and ATP. Also cleaves 3',5'-phosphodiester bond of oligoadenylates. Plays a role as a negative regulator of the 2-5A system that is one of the major pathways for antiviral and antitumor functions induced by interferons (IFNs). Suppression of this enzyme increases cellular 2-5A levels and decreases viral replication in cultured [...] (609 aa) |
| | AGO4 | Protein argonaute-4; Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them. Lacks endonuclease activity and does not appear to cleave target mRNAs. (859 aa) |
| | PNLDC1 | PARN like, ribonuclease domain containing 1. (529 aa) |
| | VCP | Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase; Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is neces [...] (806 aa) |
| | CNOT3 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 3. (744 aa) |
| | HPRT1 | Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase; Converts guanine to guanosine monophosphate, and hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate. Transfers the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5- phosphoribosylpyrophosphate onto the purine. Plays a central role in the generation of purine nucleotides through the purine salvage pathway (By similarity). (218 aa) |
| | APOBEC1 | Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 1. (236 aa) |
| | EXOSC4 | Exosome complex component RRP41; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (245 aa) |
| | RNASET2 | Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the RNase T2 family. (247 aa) |
| | ADAL | Adenosine deaminase-like protein; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the free cytosolic methylated adenosine nucleotide N(6)-methyl-AMP (N6-mAMP) to produce inositol monophosphate (IMP) and methylamine. Is required for the catabolism of cytosolic N6-mAMP, which is derived from the degradation of mRNA containing N6-methylated adenine (m6A); Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenosine and AMP deaminases family. (351 aa) |
| | ERN2 | Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2. (910 aa) |
| | FHIT | Bis(5'-adenosyl)-triphosphatase; Cleaves P(1)-P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate (Ap3A) to yield AMP and ADP. Can also hydrolyze P(1)-P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate (Ap4A), but has extremely low activity with ATP. Modulates transcriptional activation by CTNNB1 and thereby contributes to regulate the expression of genes essential for cell proliferation and survival, such as CCND1 and BIRC5. Plays a role in the induction of apoptosis via SRC and AKT1 signaling pathways. Inhibits MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53/TP53 and thereby plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosi [...] (149 aa) |
| | METTL14 | N6-adenosine-methyltransferase non-catalytic subunit; The METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer forms a N6-methyltransferase complex that methylates adenosine residues at the N(6) position of some mRNAs and regulates the circadian clock, differentiation of embryonic stem cells and cortical neurogenesis. In the heterodimer formed with METTL3, METTL14 constitutes the RNA-binding scaffold that recognizes the substrate rather than the catalytic core. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which takes place at the 5'-[AG]GAC-3' consensus sites of some mRNAs, plays a role in mRNA stability and processing (By simila [...] (456 aa) |
| | URAD | 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline decarboxylase; Catalyzes the stereoselective decarboxylation of 2-oxo-4- hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline (OHCU) to (S)-allantoin. (170 aa) |
| | DFFA | DNAation factor, 45kDa, alpha polypeptide. (329 aa) |
| | ACAT1 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; This is one of the enzymes that catalyzes the last step of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Using free coenzyme A/CoA, catalyzes the thiolytic cleavage of medium- to long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoAs into acetyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbon atoms. The activity of the enzyme is reversible and it can also catalyze the condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules into acetoacetyl-CoA. Thereby, it plays a major role in ketone body metabolism. Belongs to the thiolase-l [...] (422 aa) |
| | NT5C2 | Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidase; May have a critical role in the maintenance of a constant composition of intracellular purine/pyrimidine nucleotides in cooperation with other nucleotidases. Preferentially hydrolyzes inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) and other purine nucleotides. (568 aa) |
| | NT5E | 5'-nucleotidase; Hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides. (574 aa) |
| | SAMD4B | Sterile alpha motif domain containing 4B. (695 aa) |
| | CASC3 | Protein CASC3; Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Core component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junctions on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. The EJC marks the position of the exon-exon junction in the mature mRNA for the gene expression machinery and the core components remain bound to spliced mRNAs th [...] (720 aa) |
| | CSDE1 | Cold shock domain containing E1. (844 aa) |
| | ENSBTAP00000072493 | Smg4_UPF3 domain-containing protein. (220 aa) |
| | NBAS | Uncharacterized protein. (2149 aa) |
| | ITPA | Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase; Pyrophosphatase that hydrolyzes the non-canonical purine nucleotides inosine triphosphate (ITP), deoxyinosine triphosphate (dITP) as well as 2'-deoxy-N-6-hydroxylaminopurine triposphate (dHAPTP) and xanthosine 5'-triphosphate (XTP) to their respective monophosphate derivatives. The enzyme does not distinguish between the deoxy- and ribose forms. Probably excludes non-canonical purines from RNA and DNA precursor pools, thus preventing their incorporation into RNA and DNA and avoiding chromosomal lesions; Belongs to the HAM1 NTPase family. (304 aa) |
| | DUT | dUTPase domain-containing protein. (228 aa) |
| | CDA | CMP/dCMP-type deaminase domain-containing protein. (223 aa) |
| | EXOSC6 | EXOSC6 protein. (272 aa) |
| | ENSBTAP00000074299 | HIT domain-containing protein. (126 aa) |
| | ISG20 | Interferon stimulated exonuclease gene 20. (171 aa) |
| | DICER1 | Endoribonuclease Dicer; Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) endoribonuclease playing a central role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Cleaves naturally occurring long dsRNAs and short hairpin pre-microRNAs (miRNA) into fragments of twenty-one to twenty-three nucleotides with 3' overhang of two nucleotides, producing respectively short interfering RNAs (siRNA) and mature microRNAs. SiRNAs and miRNAs serve as guide to direct the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to complementary RNAs to degrade them or prevent their translation. Gene silencing mediated by siRNAs, al [...] (1922 aa) |
| | EXOSC1 | Exosomal core protein CSL4. (195 aa) |
| | POP1 | POP1 homolog, ribonuclease P/MRP subunit. (1015 aa) |
| | RIDA | 2-iminobutanoate/2-iminopropanoate deaminase; Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of enamine/imine intermediates that form during the course of normal metabolism. May facilitate the release of ammonia from these potentially toxic reactive metabolites, reducing their impact on cellular components. It may act on enamine/imine intermediates formed by several types of pyridoxal-5'- phosphate-dependent dehydratases including L-threonine dehydratase. Belongs to the RutC family. (137 aa) |
| | ENDOG | Endonuclease G, mitochondrial; Cleaves DNA at double-stranded (DG)n.(DC)n and at single- stranded (DC)n tracts. In addition to deoxyribonuclease activities, also has ribonuclease (RNase) and RNase H activities. Capable of generating the RNA primers required by DNA polymerase gamma to initiate replication of mitochondrial DNA. (305 aa) |
| | AGO1 | Argonaute RISC component 1; Belongs to the argonaute family. (869 aa) |
| | ENTPD8 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8; Canalicular ectonucleoside NTPDase responsible for the main hepatic NTPDase activity. Ectonucleoside NTPDases catalyze the hydrolysis of gamma- and beta-phosphate residues of nucleotides, playing a central role in concentration of extracellular nucleotides. Has activity toward ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP, but not toward AMP (By similarity); Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (495 aa) |
| | CNOT8 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 8. (292 aa) |
| | PDE4A | Phosphodiesterase. (872 aa) |
| | MRTO4 | mRNA turnover protein 4 homolog; Component of the ribosome assembly machinery. Nuclear paralog of the ribosomal protein P0, it binds pre-60S subunits at an early stage of assembly in the nucleolus, and is replaced by P0 in cytoplasmic pre-60S subunits and mature 80S ribosomes. (239 aa) |
| | EXOSC8 | Exosome complex component RRP43; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (276 aa) |
| | TRIR | Telomerase RNA component interacting RNase. (227 aa) |
| | SMG9 | Protein SMG9; Involved in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons. Is recruited by release factors to stalled ribosomes together with SMG1 and SMG8 (forming the SMG1C protein kinase complex) and, in the SMG1C complex, is required for the efficient association between SMG1 and SMG8 (By similarity). Plays a role in brain, heart, and eye development. (520 aa) |
| | GDA | Guanine deaminase; Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia; Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. ATZ/TRZ family. (454 aa) |
| | XRN1 | 5'-3' exoribonuclease 1. (1703 aa) |
| | NT5C | 5', 3'-nucleotidase, cytosolic. (401 aa) |
| | NUDT9 | Nudix hydrolase 9. (349 aa) |
| | ZC3H12A | Ribonuclease ZC3H12A; Endoribonuclease involved in various biological functions such as cellular inflammatory response and immune homeostasis, glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells, cell death of cardiomyocytes, adipogenesis and angiogenesis. Functions as an endoribonuclease involved in mRNA decay. Modulates the inflammatory response by promoting the degradation of a set of translationally active cytokine- induced inflammation-related mRNAs, such as IL6 and IL12B, during the early phase of inflammation. Prevents aberrant T-cell-mediated immune reaction by degradation of multip [...] (583 aa) |
| | XRN2 | 5'-3' exoribonuclease; Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. May promote termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II. (951 aa) |
| | HINT1 | Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1; Hydrolyzes purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group, including adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2), adenosine 5'monophosphomorpholidate (AMP-morpholidate) and guanosine 5'monophosphomorpholidate (GMP-morpholidate). Hydrolyzes lysyl-AMP (AMP-N-epsilon-(N-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester)) generated by lysine tRNA ligase, as well as Met-AMP, His-AMP and Asp-AMP, lysyl-GMP (GMP-N-epsilon-(N-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester)) and AMP-N-alanine methyl ester. Can also convert adenosine 5'-O-phosphorothioate and guano [...] (126 aa) |
| | PDE5A | cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase; Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. This phosphodiesterase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of cGMP to 5'-GMP. Specifically regulates nitric-oxide-generated cGMP (By similarity). (865 aa) |
| | DCP1A | Decapping mRNA 1A. (579 aa) |
| | DCTPP1 | dCTP pyrophosphatase 1; Hydrolyzes deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates. Has a strong preference for dCTP and its analogs including 5-iodo-dCTP and 5-methyl-dCTP for which it may even have a higher efficiency. May protect DNA or RNA against the incorporation of these genotoxic nucleotide analogs through their catabolism. (169 aa) |
| | SND1 | Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1; Endonuclease that mediates miRNA decay of both protein-free and AGO2-loaded miRNAs (By similarity). As part of its function in miRNA decay, regulates mRNAs involved in G1-to-S phase transition (By similarity). Functions as a bridging factor between STAT6 and the basal transcription factor (By similarity). Plays a role in PIM1 regulation of MYB activity (By similarity). Functions as a transcriptional coactivator for STAT5 (By similarity). (910 aa) |
| | PDE4C | Phosphodiesterase. (694 aa) |
| | DNASE2B | Deoxyribonuclease 2 beta. (357 aa) |
| | DNASE1L2 | Deoxyribonuclease; Belongs to the DNase I family. (278 aa) |
| | RNASEH2A | Ribonuclease H2 subunit A; Catalytic subunit of RNase HII, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes. (299 aa) |
| | POLR2G | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB7; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB7 is part of a subcomplex with RPB4 that binds to a pocket formed by RPB1, RPB2 and RPB6 at the base of the clamp element. The RBP4-RPB7 subcomplex seems [...] (172 aa) |
| | SMG5 | SMG5 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor. (1016 aa) |
| | ZC3H4 | Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 4. (1303 aa) |
| | PNPT1 | Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1. (783 aa) |
| | NCBP2 | Nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2; Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds co- transcriptionally to the 5' cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, translation regulation, nonsense- mediated mRNA decay, RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNA export. The CBC complex is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus via its interaction with ALYREF/THOC4/ALY, leading to the recruitment of the mRNA export machinery to the 5' end of mRNA and to mRNA export in a 5' to 3' direction through the nuclear pore. The C [...] (156 aa) |
| | SSB | Lupus La protein homolog; Binds to the 3' poly(U) terminus of nascent RNA polymerase III transcripts, protecting them from exonuclease digestion and facilitating their folding and maturation. (404 aa) |
| | PDE4B | Phosphodiesterase. (721 aa) |
| | LSM4 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm4; Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA. (139 aa) |
| | UPP1 | Uridine phosphorylase; Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylytic cleavage of uridine and deoxyuridine to uracil and ribose- or deoxyribose-1-phosphate. The produced molecules are then utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis. (500 aa) |
| | TREX1 | Three-prime repair exonuclease 1; Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single- stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the pr [...] (315 aa) |
| | RBM8A | RNA-binding protein 8A; Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome (By similarity). Core component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junctions on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. The EJC marks the position of the exon-exon junction in the mature mRNA for the gene expression machinery and the core components remain [...] (501 aa) |
| | CNOT11 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 11. (511 aa) |
| | DNASE1L1 | Deoxyribonuclease-1-like 1. (316 aa) |
| | NUDT4 | Nudix (Nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 4. (181 aa) |
| | ZC3H12D | Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 12D. (525 aa) |
| | DHX34 | DExH-box helicase 34. (1146 aa) |
| | DNASE2 | Deoxyribonuclease-2-alpha; Hydrolyzes DNA under acidic conditions with a preference for double-stranded DNA. Plays a major role in the degradation of nuclear DNA in cellular apoptosis during development. Necessary for proper fetal development and for definitive erythropoiesis in fetal liver, where it degrades nuclear DNA expelled from erythroid precursor cells (By similarity); Belongs to the DNase II family. (365 aa) |
| | NOCT | CCR4 carbon catabolite repression 4-like (S. cerevisiae). (427 aa) |
| | LSM2 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm2; Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA. (95 aa) |
| | DERA | Deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase; Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5- phosphate. Participates in stress granule (SG) assembly. May allow ATP production from extracellular deoxyinosine in conditions of energy deprivation. (318 aa) |
| | DXO | Decapping and exoribonuclease protein; Ribonuclease that specifically degrades pre-mRNAs with a defective 5' end cap and is part of a pre-mRNA capping quality control. Has decapping, pyrophosphohydrolase and 5'-3' exonuclease activities. Has decapping activity toward incomplete 5' end cap mRNAs such as unmethylated 5' end-capped RNA to release GpppN and 5' end monophosphate RNA. The 5' end monophosphate RNA is then degraded by the 5'-3' exoribonuclease activity, enabling this enzyme to decap and degrade incompletely capped mRNAs. Also possesses RNA 5'- pyrophosphohydrolase activity by [...] (402 aa) |
| | SKIV2L | Ski2 like RNA helicase. (1246 aa) |
| | RNASEH2C | Ribonuclease H2 subunit C; Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes (By similarity). (165 aa) |
| | DPYD | Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]; Involved in pyrimidine base degradation. Catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine. (1025 aa) |
| | EXOSC9 | Exosome complex component RRP45; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (440 aa) |
| | CNOT10 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 10. (743 aa) |
| | LSM7 | LSM7 homolog, U6 small nuclear RNA and mRNA degradation associated. (103 aa) |
| | MTPAP | Mitochondrial poly(A) polymerase. (583 aa) |
| | MLYCD | MLYCD protein. (499 aa) |
| | CNOT9 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 9; Component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. Involved in down- regulation of MYB- and JUN-dependent transcription. Enhances ligand- dependent transcriptional activity of nuclear hormone receptors. May play a role in cell d [...] (299 aa) |
| | ZFP36L2 | ZFP36 ring finger protein like 2. (484 aa) |
| | ENPP4 | Bis(5'-adenosyl)-triphosphatase ENPP4; Hydrolyzes extracellular Ap3A into AMP and ADP, and Ap4A into AMP and ATP. Ap3A and Ap4A are diadenosine polyphosphates thought to induce proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Acts as a procoagulant, mediating platelet aggregation at the site of nascent thrombus via release of ADP from Ap3A and activation of ADP receptors (By similarity); Belongs to the nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family. (453 aa) |
| | MAGOH | Protein mago nashi homolog; Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Plays a redundant role with MAGOHB as core component of the exon junction complex (EJC) and in the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. The EJC marks the position of the exon-exon junction in the mature mRNA for the gene expression machinery and the core components rem [...] (148 aa) |
| | NUDT18 | Nudix hydrolase 18; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. (323 aa) |
| | SMG8 | Protein SMG8; Involved in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons. Is recruited by release factors to stalled ribosomes together with SMG1 and SMG9 (forming the SMG1C protein kinase complex) and, in the SMG1C complex, is required to mediate the recruitment of SMG1 to the ribosome:SURF complex and to suppress SMG1 kinase activity until the ribosome:SURF complex locates the exon junction complex (EJC). Acts as a regulator of kinase activity (By similarity); Belongs to the SMG8 family. (1024 aa) |
| | PELO | Protein pelota homolog; Required for normal chromosome segregation during cell division and genomic stability (By similarity). May function in recognizing stalled ribosomes and triggering endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA, a mechanism to release non-functional ribosomes and degrade damaged mRNAs. May have ribonuclease activity (Potential). Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. Pelota subfamily. (386 aa) |
| | NT5C1A | 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic IA. (365 aa) |
| | WDR82 | WDR82P1 protein. (313 aa) |
| | DCPS | m7GpppX diphosphatase; Decapping scavenger enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of a residual cap structure following the degradation of mRNAs by 3'->5' exosome-mediated mRNA decay pathway. Hydrolyzes cap analog structures like 7-methylguanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m7GpppG) with up to 10 nucleotide substrates (small capped oligoribonucleotides) and specifically releases 5'-phosphorylated RNA fragments and 7- methylguanosine monophosphate (m7GMP). Cleaves cap analog structures like tri-methyl guanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m3(2,2,7)GpppG) with very poor efficiency. Does not hydro [...] (337 aa) |
| | SARM1 | Sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1. (728 aa) |
| | APEX1 | DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase, mitochondrial; Multifunctional protein that plays a central role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. The two major activities of APEX1 are DNA repair and redox regulation of transcriptional factors. Functions as a apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents. Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break w [...] (318 aa) |
