STRINGSTRING
STK3 STK3 OSTN OSTN RAG2 RAG2 MATN1 MATN1 NPPC NPPC IFT80 IFT80 SPRY2 SPRY2 PSAP PSAP IER3IP1 IER3IP1 UBE3A UBE3A BNC2 BNC2 ZMPSTE24 ZMPSTE24 TGFBR2 TGFBR2 FGF9 FGF9 RARA RARA FGF7 FGF7 ECM1 ECM1 ANXA6 ANXA6 TGFB2 TGFB2 SDC3 SDC3 TENM4 TENM4 ARID2 ARID2 MESP1 MESP1 ADRA1A ADRA1A DLL1 DLL1 ARX ARX FGF10 FGF10 PRLR PRLR GJE1 GJE1 SOX9 SOX9 LEPR LEPR THBS3 THBS3 ESR1 ESR1 SMAD1 SMAD1 SHH SHH AR AR HEG1 HEG1 CER1 CER1 BCL2 BCL2 MAPK11 MAPK11 IL7 IL7 MMP13 MMP13 LEP LEP CYP19A1 CYP19A1 HLX HLX NOTCH1 NOTCH1 SMAD2 SMAD2 JARID2 JARID2 FOXC2 FOXC2 RARB RARB TBX5 TBX5 SMPD3 SMPD3 PRKAR1A PRKAR1A WNT2 WNT2 DIPK2A DIPK2A RARG RARG EXT1 EXT1 S1PR1 S1PR1 GATA6 GATA6 EHMT2 EHMT2 DDR2 DDR2 YAP1 YAP1 COMP COMP EVC EVC TMEM38B TMEM38B PLAG1 PLAG1 STK4 STK4 ATF2 ATF2 PTPN11 PTPN11 STC1 STC1 SAV1 SAV1 FGF8 FGF8 FXN FXN BMP10 BMP10 HEY2 HEY2 ADPRHL1 ADPRHL1
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
STK3Serine/threonine kinase 3 (STE20 homolog, yeast). (491 aa)
OSTNOSTN protein. (132 aa)
RAG2Recombination activating 2. (527 aa)
MATN1Matrilin 1. (497 aa)
NPPCC-type natriuretic peptide; Hormone which plays a role in endochondral ossification through regulation of cartilaginous growth plate chondrocytes proliferation and differentiation. May also be vasoactive and natriuretic. Specifically binds and stimulates the cGMP production of the NPR2 receptor. Binds the clearance receptor NPR3 (By similarity). (193 aa)
IFT80Intraflagellar transport 80. (760 aa)
SPRY2Protein sprouty homolog 2; May function as an antagonist of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways and may negatively modulate respiratory organogenesis. (315 aa)
PSAPProsaposin; Saposin-A and saposin-C stimulate the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide by beta-glucosylceramidase (EC 3.2.1.45) and galactosylceramide by beta-galactosylceramidase (EC 3.2.1.46). Saposin- C apparently acts by combining with the enzyme and acidic lipid to form an activated complex, rather than by solubilizing the substrate. Saposin-D is a specific sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activator (EC 3.1.4.12). Saposins are specific low-molecular mass non-enzymic proteins, they participate in the lysosomal degradation of sphingolipids, which takes place by the sequential action of sp [...] (528 aa)
IER3IP1Immediate early response 3-interacting protein 1; May be implicated in the regulation of apoptosis. May be involved in protein transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus; Belongs to the YOS1 family. (82 aa)
UBE3AUbiquitin-protein ligase E3A; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and transfers it to its substrates. (875 aa)
BNC2Basonuclin 2. (1085 aa)
ZMPSTE24CAAX prenyl protease; Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins; Belongs to the peptidase M48A family. (475 aa)
TGFBR2Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (595 aa)
FGF9Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (208 aa)
RARARetinoic acid receptor alpha. (462 aa)
FGF7Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (194 aa)
ECM1Extracellular matrix protein 1. (569 aa)
ANXA6Annexin A6; May associate with CD21. May regulate the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. (674 aa)
TGFB2Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transfor [...] (442 aa)
SDC3Syndecan; Cell surface proteoglycan; Belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family. (414 aa)
TENM4Teneurin transmembrane protein 4. (2891 aa)
ARID2AT-rich interaction domain 2. (1834 aa)
MESP1Mesoderm posterior bHLH transcription factor 1. (274 aa)
ADRA1AAlpha-1A adrenergic receptor; This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins. Nuclear ADRA1A-ADRA1B heterooligomers regulate phenylephrine (PE)-stimulated ERK signaling in cardiac myocytes (By similarity). (524 aa)
DLL1Delta-like protein; Putative Notch ligand involved in the mediation of Notch signaling. (784 aa)
ARXAristaless related homeobox. (560 aa)
FGF10Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (213 aa)
PRLRProlactin receptor; This is a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone prolactin. (581 aa)
GJE1Gap junction protein epsilon 1. (205 aa)
SOX9SRY-box transcription factor 9. (524 aa)
LEPRLeptin receptor. (1166 aa)
THBS3Thrombospondin 3. (956 aa)
ESR1Estrogen receptor; Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE- independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial a [...] (596 aa)
SMAD1Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1; Transcriptional modulator activated by BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD1 is a receptor- regulated SMAD (R-SMAD). May act synergistically with SMAD4 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression; Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family. (465 aa)
SHHHedgehog protein; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. (461 aa)
ARAndrogen receptor. (890 aa)
HEG1Heart development protein with EGF like domains 1. (1471 aa)
CER1Cerberus 1, DAN family BMP antagonist. (273 aa)
BCL2Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1) (By similarity). May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release (By similarity). (229 aa)
MAPK11Mitogen-activated protein kinase. (364 aa)
IL7Interleukin-7; Hematopoietic growth factor capable of stimulating the proliferation of lymphoid progenitors. It is important for proliferation during certain stages of B-cell maturation; Belongs to the IL-7/IL-9 family. (176 aa)
MMP13Collagenase 3; Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN. Cleaves triple helical collagens, including type I, type II and type III collagen, but has the highest activity with soluble type II collagen. Can also degrade collagen type IV, type XIV and type X. May also function by activating or degrading key regulatory proteins, such as TGFB1 and CCN2. Plays a role in wound healing, tissue remodeling, cartilage degradation, bone development, bone mineralization and ossification. Required for normal embryonic bon [...] (471 aa)
LEPLeptin; Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways (By similarity). In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, inc [...] (167 aa)
CYP19A1Aromatase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to the C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively. Catalyzes three successive oxidations of C19 androgens: two conventional oxidations at C19 yielding 19-hydroxy and 19-oxo/19- aldehyde derivatives, followed by a third oxidative aromatization step that involves C1-beta hydrogen abstraction combined with cleavage of the C10-C19 bond to yield a phenolic A ring and formic acid. Alternatively, the third oxidative reaction yields a 19 [...] (503 aa)
HLXH2.0-like homeobox protein; Transcription factor required for TBX21/T-bet-dependent maturation of Th1 cells as well as maintenance of Th1-specific gene expression. Involved in embryogenesis and hematopoiesis (By similarity); Belongs to the H2.0 homeobox family. (486 aa)
NOTCH1Notch receptor 1. (2533 aa)
SMAD2Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator [...] (467 aa)
JARID2Jumonji and AT-rich interaction domain containing 2. (1252 aa)
FOXC2Forkhead box C2. (502 aa)
RARBRetinoic acid receptor beta. (448 aa)
TBX5T-box transcription factor 5. (561 aa)
SMPD3Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3. (656 aa)
PRKAR1AcAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit, N-terminally processed; Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. (380 aa)
WNT2Protein Wnt-2; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family (By similarity). Functions as upstream regulator of FGF10 expression. Plays an important role in embryonic lung development. May contribute to embryonic brain development by regulating the proliferation of dopaminergic precursors and neurons (By similarity). (360 aa)
DIPK2ADivergent protein kinase domain 2A. (430 aa)
RARGRetinoic acid receptor gamma. (458 aa)
EXT1Exostosin-1; Glycosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of heparan- sulfate. The EXT1/EXT2 complex possesses substantially higher glycosyltransferase activity than EXT1 or EXT2 alone. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity). (746 aa)
S1PR1Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1; G-protein coupled receptor for the bioactive lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) that seems to be coupled to the G(i) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. Signaling leads to the activation of RAC1, SRC, PTK2/FAK1 and MAP kinases. Plays an important role in cell migration, probably via its role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of lamellipodia in response to stimuli that increase the activity of the sphingosine kinase SPHK1. Required for normal chemotaxis toward sphingosine 1-phosphate. Required for normal emb [...] (382 aa)
GATA6GATA binding protein 6. (593 aa)
EHMT2Euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2. (1258 aa)
DDR2Discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 2. (869 aa)
YAP1Yes associated protein 1. (432 aa)
COMPCartilage oligomeric matrix protein; May play a role in the structural integrity of cartilage via its interaction with other extracellular matrix proteins such as the collagens and fibronectin. Can mediate the interaction of chondrocytes with the cartilage extracellular matrix through interaction with cell surface integrin receptors. Could play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Potent suppressor of apoptosis in both primary chondrocytes and transformed cells. Suppresses apoptosis by blocking the activation of caspase-3 and by inducing the IAP family of survival proteins (BI [...] (756 aa)
EVCEvC ciliary complex subunit 1. (993 aa)
TMEM38BTrimeric intracellular cation channel type B; Monovalent cation channel required for maintenance of rapid intracellular calcium release. May act as a potassium counter-ion channel that functions in synchronization with calcium release from intracellular stores. (291 aa)
PLAG1PLAG1 zinc finger. (499 aa)
STK4Serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 18kDa subunit; Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regul [...] (487 aa)
ATF2Activating transcription factor 2. (299 aa)
PTPN11Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type; Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class 2 subfamily. (593 aa)
STC1Stanniocalcin-1; Stimulates renal phosphate reabsorption, and could therefore prevent hypercalcemia. (247 aa)
SAV1Salvador family WW domain containing protein 1. (384 aa)
FGF8Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (244 aa)
FXNFrataxin intermediate form; Promotes the biosynthesis of heme and assembly and repair of iron-sulfur clusters by delivering Fe(2+) to proteins involved in these pathways. May play a role in the protection against iron-catalyzed oxidative stress through its ability to catalyze the oxidation of Fe(2+) to Fe(3+); the oligomeric form but not the monomeric form has in vitro ferroxidase activity. May be able to store large amounts of iron in the form of a ferrihydrite mineral by oligomerization. Modulates the RNA-binding activity of ACO1 (By similarity). (217 aa)
BMP10Bone morphogenetic protein 10. (424 aa)
HEY2Hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 2. (337 aa)
ADPRHL1[Protein ADP-ribosylarginine] hydrolase-like protein 1; Belongs to the ADP-ribosylglycohydrolase family. (354 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
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