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FABP4 FABP4 FGF18 FGF18 TCF7 TCF7 PDPN PDPN FZD1 FZD1 HDAC9 HDAC9 BMP4 BMP4 SP7 SP7 GDNF GDNF EDNRB EDNRB IGFBP2 IGFBP2 LRP5 LRP5 SEMA4F SEMA4F F13A1 F13A1 RSPO3 RSPO3 SERPINE2 SERPINE2 PORCN PORCN CXCL5 CXCL5 NDNF NDNF FRZB FRZB CNN1 CNN1 ANKRD1 ANKRD1 TGFB3 TGFB3 NKD1 NKD1 COL1A1 COL1A1 COL2A1 COL2A1 SIGLEC1 SIGLEC1 RSPO2 RSPO2 MMP13 MMP13 WNT10B WNT10B WNT1 WNT1 SFRP4 SFRP4 ACTG2 ACTG2 POU3F4 POU3F4 CTNNB1 CTNNB1 BMP3 BMP3 IL33 IL33 CASP4 CASP4 ALDH3A1 ALDH3A1 LMOD1 LMOD1 HBEGF HBEGF SFRP2 SFRP2 FOSL2 FOSL2 NFATC4 NFATC4 SFRP1 SFRP1 AXIN2 AXIN2 PPARG PPARG NELL2 NELL2 FGF13-2 FGF13-2 BGLAP BGLAP IGFBP3 IGFBP3 WNT3A WNT3A BMP7 BMP7 FZD4 FZD4 NTRK2 NTRK2 LRP6 LRP6 INHBB INHBB LGR4 LGR4 NGF NGF FGFR1 FGFR1 MECOM MECOM CCN1 CCN1 PRICKLE1 PRICKLE1 LEF1 LEF1 GAPDH GAPDH COL15A1 COL15A1 PDGFA PDGFA TGFB2 TGFB2 TNFAIP6 TNFAIP6 CXCL12 CXCL12 TNFRSF19 TNFRSF19 FZD9 FZD9 FGF13 FGF13 RUNX2 RUNX2 SOX9 SOX9
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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FABP4Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte; Lipid transport protein in adipocytes. Binds both long chain fatty acids and retinoic acid. Delivers long-chain fatty acids and retinoic acid to their cognate receptors in the nucleus. Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family. (132 aa)
FGF18Fibroblast growth factor 18; Plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration. Required for normal ossification and bone development. Stimulates hepatic and intestinal proliferation (By similarity). (207 aa)
TCF7Transcription factor 7. (419 aa)
PDPNPodoplanin. (169 aa)
FZD1Frizzled class receptor 1; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family. (645 aa)
HDAC9Histone deacetylase; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. (1069 aa)
BMP4Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction (By similarity). (409 aa)
SP7Sp7 transcription factor. (431 aa)
GDNFGlial cell derived neurotrophic factor. (211 aa)
EDNRBEndothelin receptor type B; Non-specific receptor for endothelin 1, 2, and 3. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. (441 aa)
IGFBP2Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2; Inhibits IGF-mediated growth and developmental rates (By similarity). IGF-binding proteins prolong the half-life of the IGFs and have been shown to either inhibit or stimulate the growth promoting effects of the IGFs on cell culture. They alter the interaction of IGFs with their cell surface receptors. (317 aa)
LRP5Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Component of the Wnt-Fzd-LRP5-LRP6 complex that triggers beta-catenin signaling through inducing aggregation of receptor-ligand complexes into ribosome-sized signalsomes. Belongs to the LDLR family. (1629 aa)
SEMA4FSsemaphorin 4F; Belongs to the semaphorin family. (771 aa)
F13A1Coagulation factor XIII A chain; Factor XIII is activated by thrombin and calcium ion to a transglutaminase that catalyzes the formation of gamma-glutamyl- epsilon-lysine cross-links between fibrin chains, thus stabilizing the fibrin clot. Also cross-link alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor, or fibronectin, to the alpha chains of fibrin. (732 aa)
RSPO3R-spondin-3; Activator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by acting as a ligand for LGR4-6 receptors, which acts as a key regulator of angiogenesis. Upon binding to LGR4-6 (LGR4, LGR5 or LGR6), LGR4-6 associate with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. Also regulates the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent pathway and non- canonical Wnt signaling by acting as an inhibitor of ZNRF3, an important regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Acts [...] (273 aa)
SERPINE2Serine protease inhibitor clade E member 2; Belongs to the serpin family. (397 aa)
PORCNPorcupine O-acyltransferase; Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family. (450 aa)
CXCL5C-X-C motif chemokine 6; Chemotactic for neutrophil granulocytes. Signals through binding and activation of its receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2). In addition to its chemotactic and angiogenic properties, it has strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (90-fold-higher when compared to CXCL5 and CXCL7) (By similarity). Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family. (112 aa)
NDNFNeuron derived neurotrophic factor. (568 aa)
FRZBSecreted frizzled-related protein 3; Soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPS) function as modulators of Wnt signaling through direct interaction with Wnts. They have a role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in specific cell types. SFRP3/FRZB appears to be involved in limb skeletogenesis. Antagonist of Wnt8 signaling. Regulates chondrocyte maturation and long bone development. (325 aa)
CNN1Calponin-1; Thin filament-associated protein that is implicated in the regulation and modulation of smooth muscle contraction. It is capable of binding to actin, calmodulin, troponin C and tropomyosin. The interaction of calponin with actin inhibits the actomyosin Mg-ATPase activity (By similarity). (297 aa)
ANKRD1Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1; May play an important role in endothelial cell activation. May act as a nuclear transcription factor that negatively regulates the expression of cardiac genes (By similarity). (319 aa)
TGFB3Transforming growth factor beta; Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (452 aa)
NKD1NKD inhibitor of WNT signaling pathway 1. (471 aa)
COL1A1Collagen alpha-1(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). (1463 aa)
COL2A1Collagen alpha-1(II) chain; Type II collagen is specific for cartilaginous tissues. It is essential for the normal embryonic development of the skeleton, for linear growth and for the ability of cartilage to resist compressive forces. (1487 aa)
SIGLEC1Sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 1. (1713 aa)
RSPO2R-spondin 2. (243 aa)
MMP13Collagenase 3; Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN. Cleaves triple helical collagens, including type I, type II and type III collagen, but has the highest activity with soluble type II collagen. Can also degrade collagen type IV, type XIV and type X. May also function by activating or degrading key regulatory proteins, such as TGFB1 and CCN2. Plays a role in wound healing, tissue remodeling, cartilage degradation, bone development, bone mineralization and ossification. Required for normal embryonic bon [...] (471 aa)
WNT10BProtein Wnt; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors; Belongs to the Wnt family. (391 aa)
WNT1Protein Wnt; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors; Belongs to the Wnt family. (370 aa)
SFRP4Secreted frizzled-related protein 4. (346 aa)
ACTG2Actin, gamma-enteric smooth muscle, intermediate form; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (376 aa)
POU3F4POU domain protein. (363 aa)
CTNNB1Catenin beta-1; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an [...] (781 aa)
BMP3Bone morphogenetic protein 3; Induces cartilage and bone formation. (475 aa)
IL33Interleukin 33. (273 aa)
CASP4Caspase-4 subunit 1; Inflammatory caspase. Essential effector of NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B and IL18 secretion in response to non-canonical activators, such as UVB radiation, cholera enterotoxin subunit B and cytosolic LPS. Independently of NLRP3 inflammasome and CASP1, promotes pyroptosis, through GSDMD cleavage and activation, and IL1A, IL18 and HMGB1 release in response to non- canonical inflammasome activators. Plays a crucial role in the restriction of Salmonella typhimurium replication in colonic epithelial cells during infection. In later stages of th [...] (377 aa)
ALDH3A1Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring; ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol- derived acetaldehyde (Probable). They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation (Probable). Oxidizes medium and long chain aldehydes into non-toxic fatty acids (By similarity). Preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates (By similarity). Comprises about 50 percent of corneal epithelial soluble proteins (By similarity). May play a role in preventing corneal damage caused by ultraviolet light (By similarity). (453 aa)
LMOD1LMOD1 protein. (578 aa)
HBEGFHeparin binding EGF like growth factor. (208 aa)
SFRP2Secreted frizzled-related protein 2. (294 aa)
FOSL2FOS like 2, AP-1 transcription factor subunit. (327 aa)
NFATC4Nuclear factor of activated T cells 4. (901 aa)
SFRP1Secreted frizzled-related protein 1; Soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPS) function as modulators of Wnt signaling through direct interaction with Wnts. They have a role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in specific cell types. SFRP1 decreases intracellular beta-catenin levels (By similarity). Has antiproliferative effects on vascular cells, in vitro and in vivo, and can induce, in vivo, an angiogenic response. In vascular cell cycle, delays the G1 phase and entry into the S phase (By similarity). In kidney development, inhibits tubule formation and bud growth in metane [...] (308 aa)
AXIN2Axin 2. (846 aa)
PPARGPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut ho [...] (505 aa)
NELL2Protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2. (816 aa)
FGF13-2Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (245 aa)
BGLAPOsteocalcin; Constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein. It binds strongly to apatite and calcium. (131 aa)
IGFBP3Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3; IGF-binding proteins prolong the half-life of the IGFs and have been shown to either inhibit or stimulate the growth promoting effects of the IGFs on cell culture. They alter the interaction of IGFs with their cell surface receptors. Also exhibits IGF-independent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects mediated by its receptor TMEM219/IGFBP-3R. (291 aa)
WNT3AProtein Wnt; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors; Belongs to the Wnt family. (346 aa)
BMP7Bone morphogenetic protein 7. (431 aa)
FZD4Frizzled class receptor 4; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family. (537 aa)
NTRK2Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor. (837 aa)
LRP6Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Component of the Wnt-Fzd-LRP5-LRP6 complex that triggers beta-catenin signaling through inducing aggregation of receptor-ligand complexes into ribosome-sized signalsomes. Belongs to the LDLR family. (1613 aa)
INHBBInhibin beta B chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins. (408 aa)
LGR4Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 4; Receptor for R-spondins that potentiates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and is involved in the formation of various organs. Upon binding to R-spondins (RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3 or RSPO4), associates with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. In contrast to classical G-protein coupled receptors, does not activate heterotrimeric G-proteins to transduce the signal. Its function as activat [...] (951 aa)
NGFBeta-nerve growth factor; Nerve growth factor is important for the development and maintenance of the sympathetic and sensory nervous systems. Extracellular ligand for the NTRK1 and NGFR receptors, activates cellular signaling cascades to regulate neuronal proliferation, differentiation and survival (By similarity). The immature NGF precursor (proNGF) functions as ligand for the heterodimeric receptor formed by SORCS2 and NGFR, and activates cellular signaling cascades that lead to inactivation of RAC1 and/or RAC2, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and neuronal growth cone colla [...] (327 aa)
FGFR1Fibroblast growth factor receptor. (886 aa)
MECOMMDS1 and EVI1 complex locus. (1132 aa)
CCN1Cellular communication network factor 1. (463 aa)
PRICKLE1Prickle planar cell polarity protein 1. (900 aa)
LEF1Lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1. (414 aa)
GAPDHGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubu [...] (376 aa)
COL15A1Collagen type XV alpha 1 chain. (1398 aa)
PDGFAPlatelet-derived growth factor subunit A; Growth factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. Potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin. Required for normal lung alveolar septum formation during embryogenesis, normal development of the gastrointestinal tract, normal development of Leydig cells and spermatogenesis. Required for normal oligodendrocyte development and normal myelination in the spinal cord and cerebellum. Plays an important role in wound healing. Signaling is modulated by t [...] (313 aa)
TGFB2Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transfor [...] (442 aa)
TNFAIP6Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 6. (280 aa)
CXCL12C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12; Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family. (119 aa)
TNFRSF19TNF receptor superfamily member 19. (455 aa)
FZD9Frizzled class receptor 9; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family. (524 aa)
FGF13Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (255 aa)
RUNX2Runt-related transcription factor; Forms the heterodimeric complex core-binding factor (CBF) with CBFB. RUNX members modulate the transcription of their target genes through recognizing the core consensus binding sequence 5'- TGTGGT-3', or very rarely, 5'-TGCGGT-3', within their regulatory regions via their runt domain, while CBFB is a non-DNA-binding regulatory subunit that allosterically enhances the sequence-specific DNA-binding capacity of RUNX. (518 aa)
SOX9SRY-box transcription factor 9. (524 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
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