STRINGSTRING
PRKAA1 PRKAA1 PYGM PYGM PIK3R2 PIK3R2 RPTOR RPTOR PIK3R3 PIK3R3 EIF4E1B EIF4E1B PHKG2 PHKG2 G6PC2 G6PC2 SOCS1 SOCS1 RAF1 RAF1 PYGB PYGB GRB2 GRB2 ARAF ARAF TSC1 TSC1 PDE3B PDE3B SOS2 SOS2 GYS1 GYS1 CRK CRK PRKAB1 PRKAB1 IRS4 IRS4 PTPN1 PTPN1 PPP1R3A PPP1R3A PIK3CB PIK3CB SOCS3 SOCS3 PRKAR1A PRKAR1A MAP2K2 MAP2K2 RPS6KB2 RPS6KB2 INPP5A INPP5A SLC2A4 SLC2A4 SH2B2 SH2B2 FBP1 FBP1 NRAS NRAS FLOT1 FLOT1 G6PC G6PC MAPK1 MAPK1 PPP1R3B PPP1R3B PIK3R1 PIK3R1 SHC3 SHC3 SOS1 SOS1 SHC4 SHC4 PCK2 PCK2 PPP1CA PPP1CA PPP1CB PPP1CB BAD BAD INSR INSR GYS2 GYS2 PRKAG3 PRKAG3 RHOQ RHOQ TRIP10 TRIP10 CALML5 CALML5 PRKAR2A PRKAR2A CALM3 CALM3 PPP1R3C PPP1R3C PRKAR2B PRKAR2B MTOR MTOR ELK1 ELK1 PHKA1 PHKA1 FASN FASN SHC2 SHC2 MAPK3 MAPK3 G6PC3 G6PC3 RPS6KB1 RPS6KB1 PPARGC1A PPARGC1A AKT1 AKT1 AKT3 AKT3 MKNK2 MKNK2 PRKAA2 PRKAA2 INPPL1 INPPL1 FBP2 FBP2 SHC1 SHC1 MKNK1 MKNK1 MAPK10 MAPK10 PPP1R3F PPP1R3F IRS1 IRS1 SOCS4 SOCS4 UNG UNG CALML4 CALML4 PDPK1 PDPK1 PPP1R3D PPP1R3D EIF4EBP1 EIF4EBP1 GCK GCK HKDC1 HKDC1 MAP2K1 MAP2K1 TSC2 TSC2 PRKACB PRKACB RPS6 RPS6 IRS2 IRS2 RHEB RHEB GSK3B GSK3B HK2 HK2 PRKCI PRKCI CRKL CRKL LOC107131843 LOC107131843 HRAS HRAS EIF4E2-2 EIF4E2-2 PRKAG1 PRKAG1 PRKAG2 PRKAG2 PKLR PKLR CBL CBL FLOT2 FLOT2 CBLB CBLB SREBF1 SREBF1 HK1 HK1 PRKACA PRKACA PYGL PYGL PHKA2 PHKA2 PIK3CD PIK3CD BRAF BRAF PTPRF PTPRF PIK3CA PIK3CA PCK1 PCK1 INS INS SOCS2 SOCS2 EIF4E EIF4E LIPE LIPE AKT2 AKT2 PRKAR1B PRKAR1B PPP1CC PPP1CC PRKAB2 PRKAB2 CALM-2 CALM-2 IKBKB IKBKB ACACA ACACA
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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experimentally determined
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gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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PRKAA1Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (559 aa)
PYGMGlycogen phosphorylase, muscle form; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (842 aa)
PIK3R2Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta; Regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), a kinase that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein- tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating t [...] (724 aa)
RPTORRegulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1. (1335 aa)
PIK3R3Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma; Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases through its SH2 domain and regulates their kinase activity. During insulin stimulation, it also binds to IRS-1. (461 aa)
EIF4E1BEukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family member 1B; Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family. (225 aa)
PHKG2Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, liver/testis isoform; Catalytic subunit of the phosphorylase b kinase (PHK), which mediates the neural and hormonal regulation of glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) by phosphorylating and thereby activating glycogen phosphorylase. May regulate glycogeneolysis in the testis. In vitro, phosphorylates PYGM (By similarity). (406 aa)
G6PC2Glucose-6-phosphatase; Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphatase family. (355 aa)
SOCS1Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1. (223 aa)
RAF1RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal- regulated kin [...] (668 aa)
PYGBGlycogen phosphorylase, brain form; Glycogen phosphorylase that regulates glycogen mobilization. Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (843 aa)
GRB2Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2. (217 aa)
ARAFMetalloproteinase inhibitor 1; Metalloproteinase inhibitor that functions by forming one to one complexes with target metalloproteinases, such as collagenases, and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. Acts on MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP8, MMP9, MMP10, MMP11, MMP12, MMP13 and MMP16. Does not act on MMP14. Also functions as a growth factor that regulates cell differentiation, migration and cell death and activates cellular signaling cascades via CD63 and ITGB1. Plays a role in integrin signaling. (795 aa)
TSC1TSC complex subunit 1. (1159 aa)
PDE3BPhosphodiesterase. (1115 aa)
SOS2SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2. (1332 aa)
GYS1Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle; Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non- reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 3 family. (736 aa)
CRKCRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein. (304 aa)
PRKAB15'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1; Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a reg [...] (270 aa)
IRS4Insulin receptor substrate 4. (1201 aa)
PTPN1Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type. (425 aa)
PPP1R3AProtein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A. (1117 aa)
PIK3CBPhosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (1070 aa)
SOCS3Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. SOCS3 is involved in negative regulation of cytokines that signal through the JAK/STAT pathway. Inhibits cytokine signal transduction by binding to tyrosine kinase receptors including gp130, LIF, erythropoietin, insulin and leptin receptors. Inhibits JAK2 kinase activity. Suppresses fetal liver erythropoiesis. Regulates onset and maintenance of allergic responses mediated by T-helper type 2 cells. Regulates IL-6 signaling in vivo. Proba [...] (229 aa)
PRKAR1AcAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit, N-terminally processed; Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. (380 aa)
MAP2K2Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (447 aa)
RPS6KB2Ribosomal protein S6 kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. S6 kinase subfamily. (485 aa)
INPP5AInositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase A. (412 aa)
SLC2A4Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4; Insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter, which plays a key role in removal of glucose from circulation. Response to insulin is regulated by its intracellular localization: in the absence of insulin, it is efficiently retained intracellularly within storage compartments in muscle and fat cells. Upon insulin stimulation, translocates from these compartments to the cell surface where it transports glucose from the extracellular milieu into the cell. (509 aa)
SH2B2SH2B adaptor protein 2. (648 aa)
FBP1Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations, acting as a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. Plays a role in regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion of pancreatic beta-cells. Appears to modulate glycerol gluconeogenesis in liver. Important regulator of appetite and adiposity; increased expression of the protein in liver after nutrient excess increases circulating satiety hormones and reduces appetite-stimulating neuropeptides and thus seems to provide a feedback mechanism [...] (338 aa)
NRASNRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase. (189 aa)
FLOT1Flotillin-1; May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes, functionally participating in formation of caveolae or caveolae-like vesicles. (427 aa)
G6PCGlucose-6-phosphatase; Hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. Forms with the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (SLC37A4/G6PT) the complex responsible for glucose production through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Hence, it is the key enzyme in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels (By similarity). Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphatase family. (357 aa)
MAPK1Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays a [...] (360 aa)
PPP1R3BProtein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3B; Acts as a glycogen-targeting subunit for phosphatase PP1. Facilitates interaction of the PP1 with enzymes of the glycogen metabolism and regulates its activity. Suppresses the rate at which PP1 dephosphorylates (inactivates) glycogen phosphorylase and enhances the rate at which it activates glycogen synthase and therefore limits glycogen breakdown. Its activity is inhibited by PYGL, resulting in inhibition of the glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase phosphatase activities of PP1. Dramatically increases basal and insulin-stimulated gl [...] (339 aa)
PIK3R1Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha; Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Necessary for the insulin-stimulated increase in glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in insulin-sensitive tissues. Plays an important role in signaling in response to FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, KITLG/SCF, KIT, PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Likewise, plays a role in ITGB2 signaling. Modulates the cellular response to ER stress by promoting nuclear translocation [...] (724 aa)
SHC3SHC adaptor protein 3. (583 aa)
SOS1SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1. (1333 aa)
SHC4Uncharacterized protein. (630 aa)
PCK2Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial. (640 aa)
PPP1CASerine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit; Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density-associated Ca(2+)/calmodulin de [...] (330 aa)
PPP1CBSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit; Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase (PP1) is essential for cell division, it participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progressi [...] (327 aa)
BADBCL2 associated agonist of cell death. (168 aa)
INSRTyrosine-protein kinase receptor. (1387 aa)
GYS2Glycogen [starch] synthase; Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non- reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan. (710 aa)
PRKAG35'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3; AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a [...] (497 aa)
RHOQRas homolog family member Q. (205 aa)
TRIP10Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 10. (603 aa)
CALML5Calmodulin like 5. (148 aa)
PRKAR2AcAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit; Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. Type II regulatory chains mediate membrane association by binding to anchoring proteins, including the MAP2 kinase (By similarity). (401 aa)
CALM3Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the calmodulin family. (149 aa)
PPP1R3CProtein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C; Acts as a glycogen-targeting subunit for PP1 and regulates its activity. Activates glycogen synthase, reduces glycogen phosphorylase activity and limits glycogen breakdown. Dramatically increases basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis upon overexpression in a variety of cell types (By similarity). (318 aa)
PRKAR2BcAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit; Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. Type II regulatory chains mediate membrane association by binding to anchoring proteins, including the MAP2 kinase. (418 aa)
MTORSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2550 aa)
ELK1ETS transcription factor ELK1. (440 aa)
PHKA1Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. (1007 aa)
FASN3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase; Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities as an acyl carrier protein. (2515 aa)
SHC2SHC adaptor protein 2. (584 aa)
MAPK3Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. (456 aa)
G6PC3Glucose-6-phosphatase 3; Hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. May form with the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (SLC37A4/G6PT) a ubiquitously expressed complex responsible for glucose production through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Probably required for normal neutrophil function (By similarity). (346 aa)
RPS6KB1Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression. Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex. Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTO [...] (525 aa)
PPARGC1APeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Induces the expression of PERM1 in [...] (819 aa)
AKT1RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported (By similarity). AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin- induced tra [...] (480 aa)
AKT3Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (479 aa)
MKNK2MAPK interacting serine/threonine kinase 2; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (464 aa)
PRKAA2Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (552 aa)
INPPL1Inositol polyphosphate phosphatase like 1. (1264 aa)
FBP2Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations and probably participates in glycogen synthesis from carbohydrate precursors, such as lactate. (339 aa)
SHC1SHC-transforming protein 1; Signaling adapter that couples activated growth factor receptors to signaling pathways. Participates in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Participates in signaling downstream of the angiopoietin receptor TEK/TIE2, and plays a role in the regulation of endothelial cell migration and sprouting angiogenesis (By similarity). (583 aa)
MKNK1MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1; May play a role in the response to environmental stress and cytokines. Appears to regulate translation by phosphorylating EIF4E, thus increasing the affinity of this protein for the 7-methylguanosine- containing mRNA cap (By similarity); Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (426 aa)
MAPK10Mitogen-activated protein kinase. (426 aa)
PPP1R3FProtein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3F. (807 aa)
IRS1Insulin receptor substrate 1. (1160 aa)
SOCS4Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4; SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. Substrate- recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Inhibits EGF signaling by mediating the degradation of the Tyr-phosphorylated EGF receptor/EGFR (By similarity). (440 aa)
UNGAcetyl-CoA carboxylase beta. (2431 aa)
CALML4Calmodulin-like protein 4; Belongs to the calmodulin family. (196 aa)
PDPK13-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1. (557 aa)
PPP1R3DProtein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit. (299 aa)
EIF4EBP1Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; Repressor of translation initiation that regulates EIF4E activity by preventing its assembly into the eIF4F complex: hypophosphorylated form competes with EIF4G1/EIF4G3 and strongly binds to EIF4E, leading to repress translation. In contrast, hyperphosphorylated form dissociates from EIF4E, allowing interaction between EIF4G1/EIF4G3 and EIF4E, leading to initiation of translation. Mediates the regulation of protein translation by hormones, growth factors and other stimuli that signal through the MAP kinase and mTORC1 pathways. (118 aa)
GCKPhosphotransferase. (465 aa)
HKDC1Hexokinase domain containing 1. (917 aa)
MAP2K1Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (393 aa)
TSC2TSC complex subunit 2. (1814 aa)
PRKACBcAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta; Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these [...] (397 aa)
RPS640S ribosomal protein S6; May play an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA. (249 aa)
IRS2Insulin receptor substrate 2. (1384 aa)
RHEBGTP-binding protein Rheb; Activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis. Stimulates the phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 through activation of mTORC1 signaling. Has low intrinsic GTPase activity (By similarity). (184 aa)
GSK3BProtein kinase domain-containing protein; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (492 aa)
HK2Hexokinase 2. (917 aa)
PRKCIProtein kinase C; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily. (596 aa)
CRKLCRK like proto-oncogene, adaptor protein. (302 aa)
LOC107131843Uncharacterized protein. (591 aa)
HRASHRas proto-oncogene, GTPase. (199 aa)
EIF4E2-2Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family. (228 aa)
PRKAG15'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1; AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a [...] (349 aa)
PRKAG2Protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 2. (565 aa)
PKLRPyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (526 aa)
CBLCbl proto-oncogene. (932 aa)
FLOT2Flotillin-2; May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes, functionally participating in formation of caveolae or caveolae-like vesicles. May be involved in epidermal cell adhesion and epidermal structure and function (By similarity); Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family. Flotillin subfamily. (530 aa)
CBLBCbl proto-oncogene B. (983 aa)
SREBF1Sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1. (1163 aa)
HK1Hexokinase-1; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of various hexoses, such as D- glucose, D-glucosamine, D-fructose, D-mannose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate, D-glucosamine 6-phosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate, D-mannose 6-phosphate and 2-deoxy-D-glucose 6- phosphate, respectively). Does not phosphorylate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (By similarity). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (By similarity). Involved in innate immunity and inflammation by acting as a pattern recognition receptor f [...] (995 aa)
PRKACAcAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for glucose- mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved in the [...] (351 aa)
PYGLGlycogen phosphorylase, liver form; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties (By similarity). (859 aa)
PHKA2Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. (1235 aa)
PIK3CDPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit. (1044 aa)
BRAFB-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase. (766 aa)
PTPRFReceptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F; Possible cell adhesion receptor. It possesses an intrinsic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity (PTPase) and dephosphorylates EPHA2 regulating its activity (By similarity). (1907 aa)
PIK3CAPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to v [...] (1068 aa)
PCK1Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]; Regulates cataplerosis and anaplerosis, the processes that control the levels of metabolic intermediates in the citric acid cycle. At low glucose levels, it catalyzes the cataplerotic conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors derived from the citric acid cycle. At high glucose levels, it catalyzes the anaplerotic conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate; Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [...] (638 aa)
INSInsulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (105 aa)
SOCS2Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2; SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. SOCS2 appears to be a negative regulator in the growth hormone/IGF1 signaling pathway. Probable substrate recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). (202 aa)
EIF4EEukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. Component of the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex which binds to the mRNA cap and mediates translational repression. In the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex this subunit mediates the binding to the mRNA cap (By similarity). (217 aa)
LIPEHormone-sensitive lipase; In adipose tissue and heart, it primarily hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids, while in steroidogenic tissues, it principally converts cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol for steroid hormone production; Belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family. (802 aa)
AKT2Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (481 aa)
PRKAR1BProtein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit beta. (548 aa)
PPP1CCSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit; Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Dephosphorylates RPS6KB1. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density- asso [...] (337 aa)
PRKAB2Protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2. (272 aa)
CALM-2Calmodulin; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis (By similarity). (149 aa)
IKBKBInhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is transloca [...] (761 aa)
ACACAAcetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; Cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl- CoA to malonyl-CoA, the first and rate-limiting step of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. This is a 2 steps reaction starting with the ATP- dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl carrier (BCC) domain followed by the transfer of the carboxyl group from carboxylated biotin to acetyl-CoA. (2383 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
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