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STM3117 STM3117 bigA bigA yrfF yrfF mgtC mgtC basS basS basR basR hfq hfq ssaR ssaR sseD sseD sseC sseC sseB sseB sseA sseA ssaB ssaB lpp lpp lppB lppB ydiV ydiV pagC pagC pagD pagD msgA msgA phoP phoP phoQ phoQ sifA sifA sopB sopB pipC pipC pipB pipB sseI sseI sopD2 sopD2 pagN pagN slyA slyA steA steA sifB sifB steB steB sseJ sseJ steC steC sopE2 sopE2 fliA fliA sopA sopA sspH2 sspH2 sseL sseL pipB2 pipB2 orgA orgA orgA-2 orgA-2 prgK prgK prgJ prgJ prgI prgI prgH prgH hilA hilA iagB iagB sptP sptP sicP sicP sipA sipA sipD sipD sipC sipC sipB sipB sicA sicA spaS spaS spaR spaR spaQ spaQ spaP spaP spaO spaO invJ invJ invI invI invC invC invB invB invA invA invE invE invG invG invF invF invH invH sopD sopD
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STM3117Putative lactoylglutathione lyase; Is critically involved in promoting the replication of S.typhimurium cells inside host macrophages, suggesting a role in the establishment of bacterial colonization within macrophages. May be involved in the biosynthesis and modification of the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall. (144 aa)
bigAPutative surface-exposed virulence protein BigA (gi|5081595). (1953 aa)
yrfFPutative inner membrane protein; Involved in negative control of bacterial proliferation within fibroblasts; Belongs to the IgaA family. (710 aa)
mgtCMg2+ transport protein; Virulence factor required for growth in low Mg(2+) medium and for intramacrophage survival. May be involved in regulating membrane potential by activating Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. Belongs to the MgtC/SapB family. (231 aa)
basSSensory kinase in two-component regulatory system with BasR; Member of the two-component regulatory system BasS/BasR. Autophosphorylates and activates BasR by phosphorylation. Plays a role in the adaptation of the organism to the host environment, in particular to neutrophils, and therefore it plays a role in virulence as well. (356 aa)
basRResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with BasS; Member of the two-component regulatory system BasS/BasR. BasR induces the transcription of the ugd, ais, arnBCADTEF and eptA-basRS loci, all involved in resistance to polymyxin. Represses the transcription of pmrD. Plays a role in the adaptation of the organism to the host environment, in particular to neutrophils, and therefore it plays a role in virulence as well. (222 aa)
hfqHost factor I for bacteriophage Q beta replication; RNA chaperone that binds small regulatory RNA (sRNAs) and mRNAs to facilitate mRNA translational regulation in response to envelope stress, environmental stress and changes in metabolite concentrations. Also binds with high specificity to tRNAs (By similarity). Plays a central regulatory role in the microbial response to space flight conditions. Is essential for virulence and is required for efficient invasion of non-phagocytic cells. (102 aa)
ssaRHomology with YscR of the secretion system of Yersinia; virulence protein yscr (SW:YSCR_SALTY). (215 aa)
sseDSecretion system effector; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. May act as a translocator that mediates translocation of SPI-2 TTSS effector proteins from intraphagosomal bacterial cells into the host cells. (195 aa)
sseCSecretion system effector; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. May act as a translocator that mediates translocation of SPI-2 TTSS effector proteins from intraphagosomal bacterial cells into the host cells. (484 aa)
sseBSecretion system effector; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. May act as a translocator that mediates translocation of SPI-2 TTSS effector proteins from intraphagosomal bacterial cells into the host cells. SseB is required for correct localization of SseC and SseD on the bacterial cell surface. (196 aa)
sseASecretion system effector; Functions as a type III secretion system (TTSS) chaperone, which is required for SseB and SseD accumulation and secretion. May have a direct role in secretion of SseB and SseD, or may facilitate their correct folding, for efficient secretion and function. Required for survival and replication within epithelial cells and macrophages. (108 aa)
ssaBSecretion system apparatus protein; Virulence protein that plays a central role in mammalian macrophage infection, by inhibiting phagosome-lysosome fusion and cellular trafficking. May act by disrupting the function of the mammalian HOOK3 protein, a protein involved in the cellular traffic. (133 aa)
lppMurein lipoprotein; Plays an important role in virulence. A highly abundant outer membrane lipoprotein that controls the distance between the inner and outer membranes. The only protein known to be covalently linked to the peptidoglycan network (PGN). Also non- covalently binds the PGN. The link between the cell outer membrane and PGN contributes to maintenance of the structural and functional integrity of the cell envelope, and maintains the correct distance between the PGN and the outer membrane (By similarity). (78 aa)
lppBPutative methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein; Plays an important role in virulence. A highly abundant outer membrane lipoprotein that controls the distance between the inner and outer membranes. The only protein known to be covalently linked to the peptidoglycan network (PGN). Also non- covalently binds the PGN. The link between the cell outer membrane and PGN contributes to maintenance of the structural and functional integrity of the cell envelope, and maintains the correct distance between the PGN and the outer membrane (By similarity). (79 aa)
ydiVPutative diguanylate cyclase/phosphodiesterase domain 1; Acts as an anti-FlhC(2)FlhD(4) factor by binding to FlhD, decreasing its ability to bind DNA, and thus negatively regulates expression of flagellar class II operons, decreasing motility in nutrient-poor medium. Required for resistance to host phagocyte oxidase. Suppresses killing of macrophages, while promoting resistance to hydrogen peroxide. Data regarding c-di-GMP is controversial; suppresses bacterial c-di-GMP levels but neither synthesizes nor degrades c-di-GMP. Belongs to the YdiV family. (237 aa)
pagCReduced macrophage survival protein; Essential for full virulence and survival within macrophages; Belongs to the outer membrane OOP (TC 1.B.6) superfamily. Ail family. (185 aa)
pagDPhoP regulated; Putative function in virulence. Could be involved in promoting S.typhimurium survival within macrophages. (87 aa)
msgAMacrophage survival gene; Affects survival in macrophages. (79 aa)
phoPResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with PhoQ; Member of the two-component regulatory system PhoP/PhoQ which regulates the expression of genes involved in virulence, adaptation to acidic and low Mg(2+) environments and resistance to host defense antimicrobial peptides. Essential for intramacrophage survival of S.typhimurium. In low periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ phosphorylates PhoP, resulting in the expression of PhoP-activated genes (PAG) and repression of PhoP-repressed genes (PRG). In high periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ dephosphorylates phospho-PhoP, resulting in the repressio [...] (224 aa)
phoQSensory kinase protein in two-component regulatory system with PhoP; Member of the two-component regulatory system PhoP/PhoQ which regulates the expression of genes involved in virulence, adaptation to acidic and low Mg(2+) environments and resistance to host defense antimicrobial peptides. Essential for intramacrophage survival of S.typhimurium. In low periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ functions as a membrane- associated protein kinase that undergoes autophosphorylation and subsequently transfers the phosphate to PhoP, resulting in the expression of PhoP-activated genes (PAG) and repression of [...] (487 aa)
sifALysosomal glycoprotein (lgp)-containing structures; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is required for endosomal tubulation and formation of Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs), which are filamentous structures containing lysosomal membrane glycoproteins within epithelial cells. Sif formation is concomitant with intracellular bacterial replication. (336 aa)
sopBPathogenicity island encoded protein: SPI5; Converts phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns 3,4,5-P3) to PtdIns 3-P and prevents the transition of PtdIns 3-P to PtdIns 3,5-P2. It is one of the known effectors injected by Salmonella into the host cell and is required for invasion and for an efficient generation and maintenance of Salmonella-containing vacuole (SVC). Alteration of the phosphoinositide composition of the plasma membrane causes membrane ruffling and actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. The persistence of PtdIns 3-P diverts the SCV from the endocytic pathway resulti [...] (561 aa)
pipCPathogenicity island encoded protein: SPI5; Molecular chaperone required for SopB/SigD stabilization and secretion; Belongs to the IpgE/SigE chaperone family. (113 aa)
pipBPathogenicity island encoded protein: SPI5; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Does not appear to be required for the formation or the maintenance of either Salmonella- containing vacuole (SCV) or the Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs). Not required for intracellular replication in phagocytic cells. (291 aa)
sseIGifsy-2 prophage putative type III secreted protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is required to maintain a long-term chronic systemic infection in mice. It inhibits normal cell migration of primary macrophages and dendritic cells, by a mechanism that involves interaction with the host factor IQGAP1, an important regulator of the cytoskeleton and cell migration. Also accelerates the systemic spread of infection from the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream, probably by interacting with host TRIP6. (322 aa)
sopD2Homologous to secreted protein sopD; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Contributes to the formation of Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs) in infected epithelial cells and to replication in macrophages. (319 aa)
pagNHomolog of sapA; Haemagglutinin that facilitates the adhesion to and invasion of epithelial mammalian cells. Utilizes heparinated proteoglycan as a receptor to successfully invade host cells. (239 aa)
slyAMarR family transcriptional regulator for hemolysin; Transcription regulator that can specifically activate or repress expression of target genes. Required for virulence and survival in the macrophage environment. Probably activates expression of ispA, xseB genes, and of omp operon. (146 aa)
steAPutative cytoplasmic protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. (210 aa)
sifBSalmonella translocated effector: translocated by SPI-2; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues; Belongs to the Sif family. (316 aa)
steBPutative dipicolinate reductase; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. (133 aa)
sseJSalmonella translocated effector; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is required for endosomal tubulation and negatively regulates the formation of Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs) in epithelial cells. Has both deacylase and esterification activities in vitro, but esterification is probably the dominant activity in host cells. Significantly contributes to cholesterol esterification, which reduces cellular cholesterol in cells and abrogates the ability of SifA to associate with cholesterol and LAMP-1 v [...] (408 aa)
steCPutative inner membrane protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is a kinase, which is required for SPI-2 TTSS-dependent F-actin meshwork formation in infected host cells. (457 aa)
sopE2TypeIII-secreted protein effector: invasion-associated protein; Activator for CDC42 by directly engaging this Rho GTPase and acting as potent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). This activation results in actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and stimulates membrane ruffling, promoting bacterial entry into non-phagocytic cells. Also activates NF-kB, p38 and ERK kinases, which are known to be involved in the induction of IL-8 expression. Chaperone InvB is required for secretion, translocation and stabilization of intracellular levels of sopE2. (240 aa)
fliASigma F (sigma 28) factor of RNA polymerase; Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor controls the expression of flagella-related genes. May regulate the expression of genes involved in virulence. (239 aa)
sopASecreted effector protein of Salmonella; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that interferes with host's ubiquitination pathway. Required for inducing polymorphonuclear leukocytes migration across the intestinal epithelium. Preferentially uses host UBE2D1 (UBCH5A), UBE2D2 (UBCH5B) and UBE2L3 (UBCH7) as E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. (782 aa)
sspH2Leucine-rich repeat protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that interferes with host's ubiquitination pathway. (788 aa)
sseLPutative cytoplasmic protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protease targets the host cell ubiquitin pathway by acting as a deubiquitinase in infected host cells. Specifically hydrolyzes mono- and polyubiquitin substrates in vitro with a preference for 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains, suggesting that it interferes with a signaling pathway rather than inhibiting proteasomal-dependent degradation of its targets. Does not possess desumoylating activity. Is required for the Salmonella-induced delayed cytotoxic [...] (317 aa)
pipB2pipB-like protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Involved in the reorganization of late endosome/lysosome (LE/Lys) compartments in mammalian cells. Necessary and sufficient to link kinesin-1 onto the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) membrane. Required for centrifugal extension of lysosomal glycoprotein-rich membrane tubules, known as Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs), away from the SCV and toward the cell periphery. Required for virulence, but not for intracellular survival and replication in phagocytic cells. (350 aa)
orgAPutative flagellar biosynthesis/type III secretory pathway protein; Oxygen-regulated protein required for bacterial internalization. (226 aa)
orgA-2Putative inner membrane protein; Oxygen-regulated protein required for bacterial internalization. (199 aa)
prgKCell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells. Could be involved in protein secretion; Belongs to the YscJ lipoprotein family. (252 aa)
prgJCytoplasmic cell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells. (101 aa)
prgICytoplasmic cell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells; Belongs to the MxiH/PrgI/YscF family. (80 aa)
prgHCell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells. (392 aa)
hilAInvasion genes transcription activator; The main transcriptional regulator of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) gene expression. Activates the expression of invasion genes by a direct action at their promoters and also indirectly by increasing the level of InvF. Also binds upstream of prgH and directly activates the expression of prgHIJK operon. (553 aa)
iagBInvasion protein IAGB precursor. (SW:IAGB_SALTY); Belongs to the IagB/IpgF/P19 family. (160 aa)
sptPProtein tyrosine phosphate; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein includes tyrosine phosphatase and GTPase activating protein (GAP) activities. After bacterial internalization, GAP mediates the reversal of the cytoskeletal changes induced by SopE. This function is independent of its tyrosine phosphatase activity, which remains unclear. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the YopE family. (543 aa)
sicPChaparone related to virulence; Molecular chaperone required for SptP stabilization and secretion. (130 aa)
sipACell invasion protein; Actin-binding protein that interferes with host cell actin cytoskeleton. It stimulates actin polymerization and counteracts F- actin destabilizing proteins. Potentiates SipC activity; both are required for an efficient bacterial internalization. In vitro, forms a complex with host cell protein T-plastin increasing actin bundling. It inhibits ADF/cofilin-directed depolymerization both by preventing binding of ADF and cofilin and by displacing them from F-actin. Also protects F-actin from gelsolin-directed severing and reanneals gelsolin-severed F-actin fragments; [...] (685 aa)
sipDCell invasion protein; Required for translocation of effector proteins via the type III secretion system SPI-1, which is essential for an efficient bacterial internalization. Probably acts by modulating the secretion of SipA, SipB, and SipC. (343 aa)
sipCCell invasion protein; Actin-binding protein that interferes with host cell actin cytoskeleton. Nucleates actin polymerization and condensates actin filaments into cables (bundling). SipA potenciates SipC activity and both are required for an efficient bacterial internalization by the host cell. (409 aa)
sipBCell invasion protein; Required for entry into the host cell through presentation or delivery of SipC at the host cell plasma membrane. Along with SipC, is necessary for the transfer of other effector proteins into the host cell. Induces macrophage apoptosis either by binding and activating the proapoptotic enzyme caspase-1 (caspase-1 dependent), resulting in the release of interleukin-1 beta active form, or by disrupting mitochondria and inducing autophagy (caspase-1 independent). The former is dependent of its membrane-fusion activity. The SipBC complex, in association with its chape [...] (593 aa)
sicASurface presentation of antigens; Type III secretion-associated chaperone required for SipB and SipC stabilization. Prevents premature association of SipB with SipC, which may lead to their targeting for degradation. Along with InvF, required for transcription activation of sigDE (sopB pipC), sicAsipBCDA, and sopE. (165 aa)
spaSSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the type III secretion exporter family. (356 aa)
spaRSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (263 aa)
spaQSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the FliQ/MopD/SpaQ family. (86 aa)
spaPSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (224 aa)
spaOSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (303 aa)
invJSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the SpaN family. (336 aa)
invISurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (147 aa)
invCSurface presentation of antigens; Necessary for efficient entry of S.typhimurium into cultured epithelial cells. Probable catalytic subunit of a protein translocase. May energize the protein export apparatus encoded in the inv locus which is required for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of salmonella species into mammalian cells. (431 aa)
invBSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. Chaperone specialized in the storage of effectors within the bacterial cytoplasm, maintaining them in a secretion- competent state, and allowing their immediate delivery to target cells upon contact of the bacterium with the host cells. Has been shown to chaperone SopA, SopE, SopE2 and SipA; Belongs to the SpaK family. (135 aa)
invAInvasion protein; Involved in the invasion of the cells of the intestinal epithelium. Could be involved in the translocation of the InvE protein; Belongs to the FHIPEP (flagella/HR/invasion proteins export pore) family. (685 aa)
invEInvasion protein; Involved in the triggering of intracellular events that lead to microbial internalization. These events include increase in calcium level, redistribution of actin microfilaments, and changes in the normal structure of the microvilli. Encoded within the type III secretion system (SPI-1 TTSS), it is essential for the translocation of protein effectors into host cells. Forms a complex with SipB and SipC in the presence of their chaperone SicA. Positively regulates the secretion of SPI-1 TTSS effector proteins SipB, SipC and SipD and negatively influences the secretion of [...] (372 aa)
invGOuter membrane invasion protein; Component of the type III secretion system (T3SS), also called injectisome, which is used to inject bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. Forms a ring-shaped multimeric structure with an apparent central pore in the outer membrane. (562 aa)
invFInvasion protein; Transcriptional regulator required for the expression of several genes encoding type III secretion system SPI1 effector proteins. The interaction with SicA is necessary for the activation of sigDE (sopB pipC), sicAsipBCDA, and sopE. (216 aa)
invHInvasion protein; Involved in the synthesis of the type III secretion system (T3SS), also called injectisome, which is used to inject bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. Pilot protein that is required for the proper localization of the secretin InvG/SctC in the outer membrane. Required for the secretion of the Sip virulence factors. (147 aa)
sopDSecreted protein in the Sop family; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Contributes to replication in macrophages. Plays a role, cooperatively with SopB, in membrane fission and macropinosome formation during invasion. (317 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Salmonella enterica Typhimurium
NCBI taxonomy Id: 99287
Other names: S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2-LTL2, Salmonella typhimurium LT2
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