STRINGSTRING
leuO leuO araC araC hha hha fimZ fimZ sopD2 sopD2 ompA ompA sopB sopB mlc mlc sopE2 sopE2 fliZ fliZ sopA sopA wzb wzb csrA csrA avrA avrA hilC hilC orgA orgA prgK prgK prgJ prgJ prgI prgI prgH prgH hilD hilD sicP sicP sipA sipA sipD sipD sipC sipC sipB sipB sicA sicA spaS spaS spaQ spaQ spaP spaP spaO spaO invJ invJ invI invI invC invC invB invB invA invA invG invG invF invF sopD sopD barA barA rho rho glnA glnA
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Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
leuOPutative LysR family transcriptional regulator; Probable activator protein in leuabcd operon. (SW:LEUO_SALTY); Belongs to the LysR transcriptional regulatory family. (314 aa)
araCTranscriptional regulator (AraC/XylS family) for ara operon; Transcription factor that regulates the expression of several genes involved in the transport and metabolism of L-arabinose. (281 aa)
hhaHemolysin expression modulating protein (involved in environmental regulation of virulence factors); Interacts with H-NS and in this complex might contact DNA, which could provide an additional surface for DNA binding to the H-NS- Hha complex; may not bind DNA in the absence of H-NS. In vitro improves the ability of H-NS to bind DNA under a precise set of conditions. (72 aa)
fimZFimbrial protein Z; Putative transcriptional regulator (LuxR/UhpA family); fimbriae Z protein. (SW:FIMZ_SALTY). (210 aa)
sopD2Homologous to secreted protein sopD; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Contributes to the formation of Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs) in infected epithelial cells and to replication in macrophages. (319 aa)
ompAPutative membrane component hydrogenase; With TolR probably plays a role in maintaining the position of the peptidoglycan cell wall in the periplasm. Acts as a porin with low permeability that allows slow penetration of small solutes; an internal gate slows down solute passage. (350 aa)
sopBPathogenicity island encoded protein: SPI5; Converts phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns 3,4,5-P3) to PtdIns 3-P and prevents the transition of PtdIns 3-P to PtdIns 3,5-P2. It is one of the known effectors injected by Salmonella into the host cell and is required for invasion and for an efficient generation and maintenance of Salmonella-containing vacuole (SVC). Alteration of the phosphoinositide composition of the plasma membrane causes membrane ruffling and actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. The persistence of PtdIns 3-P diverts the SCV from the endocytic pathway resulti [...] (561 aa)
mlcTranscriptional repressor of ptsG and ptsHI; Global repressor of carbohydrate metabolism (pts operon) (NagC/XylR family); similar to E. coli putative NAGC-like transcriptional regulator (AAC74666.1); Blastp hit to AAC74666.1 (406 aa), 90% identity in aa 1 - 406. (406 aa)
sopE2TypeIII-secreted protein effector: invasion-associated protein; Activator for CDC42 by directly engaging this Rho GTPase and acting as potent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). This activation results in actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and stimulates membrane ruffling, promoting bacterial entry into non-phagocytic cells. Also activates NF-kB, p38 and ERK kinases, which are known to be involved in the induction of IL-8 expression. Chaperone InvB is required for secretion, translocation and stabilization of intracellular levels of sopE2. (240 aa)
fliZPutative regulator of FliA; May regulate sigma factor activity. (183 aa)
sopASecreted effector protein of Salmonella; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that interferes with host's ubiquitination pathway. Required for inducing polymorphonuclear leukocytes migration across the intestinal epithelium. Preferentially uses host UBE2D1 (UBCH5A), UBE2D2 (UBCH5B) and UBE2L3 (UBCH7) as E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. (782 aa)
wzbPutative protein-tyrosine-phosphatase; Dephosphorylates Wzc. Required for the extracellular polysaccharide colanic acid synthesis. Probably involved in the export of colanic acid from the cell to medium. Involved in protection of cells against contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI). (149 aa)
csrACarbon storage regulator; A key translational regulator that binds mRNA to regulate translation initiation and/or mRNA stability. Mediates global changes in gene expression, shifting from rapid growth to stress survival by linking envelope stress, the stringent response and the catabolite repression systems. Usually binds in the 5'-UTR; binding at or near the Shine-Dalgarno sequence prevents ribosome-binding, repressing translation, binding elsewhere in the 5'-UTR can activate translation and/or stabilize the mRNA. Its function is antagonized by small RNA(s). (61 aa)
avrAPutative inner membrane protein. (302 aa)
hilCaraC family bacterial regulatory helix-turn-helix protein; Positive regulator of the expression of the invasion- associated type III secretion system encoded within SPI-1 (pathogenicity island 1). (295 aa)
orgAPutative flagellar biosynthesis/type III secretory pathway protein; Oxygen-regulated protein required for bacterial internalization. (226 aa)
prgKCell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells. Could be involved in protein secretion; Belongs to the YscJ lipoprotein family. (252 aa)
prgJCytoplasmic cell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells. (101 aa)
prgICytoplasmic cell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells; Belongs to the MxiH/PrgI/YscF family. (80 aa)
prgHCell invasion protein; Required for invasion of epithelial cells. (392 aa)
hilDRegulatory helix-turn-helix proteins, araC family; HilD (gi|4455108). (309 aa)
sicPChaparone related to virulence; Molecular chaperone required for SptP stabilization and secretion. (130 aa)
sipACell invasion protein; Actin-binding protein that interferes with host cell actin cytoskeleton. It stimulates actin polymerization and counteracts F- actin destabilizing proteins. Potentiates SipC activity; both are required for an efficient bacterial internalization. In vitro, forms a complex with host cell protein T-plastin increasing actin bundling. It inhibits ADF/cofilin-directed depolymerization both by preventing binding of ADF and cofilin and by displacing them from F-actin. Also protects F-actin from gelsolin-directed severing and reanneals gelsolin-severed F-actin fragments; [...] (685 aa)
sipDCell invasion protein; Required for translocation of effector proteins via the type III secretion system SPI-1, which is essential for an efficient bacterial internalization. Probably acts by modulating the secretion of SipA, SipB, and SipC. (343 aa)
sipCCell invasion protein; Actin-binding protein that interferes with host cell actin cytoskeleton. Nucleates actin polymerization and condensates actin filaments into cables (bundling). SipA potenciates SipC activity and both are required for an efficient bacterial internalization by the host cell. (409 aa)
sipBCell invasion protein; Required for entry into the host cell through presentation or delivery of SipC at the host cell plasma membrane. Along with SipC, is necessary for the transfer of other effector proteins into the host cell. Induces macrophage apoptosis either by binding and activating the proapoptotic enzyme caspase-1 (caspase-1 dependent), resulting in the release of interleukin-1 beta active form, or by disrupting mitochondria and inducing autophagy (caspase-1 independent). The former is dependent of its membrane-fusion activity. The SipBC complex, in association with its chape [...] (593 aa)
sicASurface presentation of antigens; Type III secretion-associated chaperone required for SipB and SipC stabilization. Prevents premature association of SipB with SipC, which may lead to their targeting for degradation. Along with InvF, required for transcription activation of sigDE (sopB pipC), sicAsipBCDA, and sopE. (165 aa)
spaSSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the type III secretion exporter family. (356 aa)
spaQSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the FliQ/MopD/SpaQ family. (86 aa)
spaPSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (224 aa)
spaOSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (303 aa)
invJSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the SpaN family. (336 aa)
invISurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. (147 aa)
invCSurface presentation of antigens; Necessary for efficient entry of S.typhimurium into cultured epithelial cells. Probable catalytic subunit of a protein translocase. May energize the protein export apparatus encoded in the inv locus which is required for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of salmonella species into mammalian cells. (431 aa)
invBSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. Chaperone specialized in the storage of effectors within the bacterial cytoplasm, maintaining them in a secretion- competent state, and allowing their immediate delivery to target cells upon contact of the bacterium with the host cells. Has been shown to chaperone SopA, SopE, SopE2 and SipA; Belongs to the SpaK family. (135 aa)
invAInvasion protein; Involved in the invasion of the cells of the intestinal epithelium. Could be involved in the translocation of the InvE protein; Belongs to the FHIPEP (flagella/HR/invasion proteins export pore) family. (685 aa)
invGOuter membrane invasion protein; Component of the type III secretion system (T3SS), also called injectisome, which is used to inject bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. Forms a ring-shaped multimeric structure with an apparent central pore in the outer membrane. (562 aa)
invFInvasion protein; Transcriptional regulator required for the expression of several genes encoding type III secretion system SPI1 effector proteins. The interaction with SicA is necessary for the activation of sigDE (sopB pipC), sicAsipBCDA, and sopE. (216 aa)
sopDSecreted protein in the Sop family; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Contributes to replication in macrophages. Plays a role, cooperatively with SopB, in membrane fission and macropinosome formation during invasion. (317 aa)
barASensory histidine kinase; Similar to E. coli sensor-regulator, activates OmpR by phophorylation (AAC75828.1); Blastp hit to AAC75828.1 (918 aa), 90% identity in aa 1 - 918. (918 aa)
rhoTranscription termination factor Rho; Facilitates transcription termination by a mechanism that involves Rho binding to the nascent RNA, activation of Rho's RNA- dependent ATPase activity, and release of the mRNA from the DNA template. (419 aa)
glnAGlutamine synthetase; Catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia. (469 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Salmonella enterica Typhimurium
NCBI taxonomy Id: 99287
Other names: S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2-LTL2, Salmonella typhimurium LT2
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