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acrD acrD fljB fljB pipB2 pipB2 orgA orgA hilD hilD iagB iagB sptP sptP sipA sipA sipD sipD sipC sipC spaS spaS invB invB invA invA invE invE sopD sopD tolC tolC bacA bacA oat oat misL misL trxA trxA soxS soxS soxR soxR basS basS basR basR acrB acrB acrA acrA fimA fimA fimC fimC fimZ fimZ sopB sopB scsC scsC csgD csgD phoP phoP envF envF envE envE ssaB ssaB sseC sseC sseD sseD ydhE ydhE marA marA sopE2 sopE2 sdiA sdiA fliZ fliZ fliC fliC fliT fliT sopA sopA rtn rtn shdA shdA
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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from curated databases
experimentally determined
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gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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acrDRND family aminoglycoside/multidrug efflux pump; Similar to E. coli sensitivity to acriflavine, integral membrane protein, possible efflux pump (AAC75523.1); Blastp hit to AAC75523.1 (1037 aa), 94% identity in aa 1 - 1037. (1037 aa)
fljBFilament structural protein; Flagellin is the subunit protein which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. (506 aa)
pipB2pipB-like protein; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Involved in the reorganization of late endosome/lysosome (LE/Lys) compartments in mammalian cells. Necessary and sufficient to link kinesin-1 onto the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) membrane. Required for centrifugal extension of lysosomal glycoprotein-rich membrane tubules, known as Salmonella-induced filaments (Sifs), away from the SCV and toward the cell periphery. Required for virulence, but not for intracellular survival and replication in phagocytic cells. (350 aa)
orgAPutative flagellar biosynthesis/type III secretory pathway protein; Oxygen-regulated protein required for bacterial internalization. (226 aa)
hilDRegulatory helix-turn-helix proteins, araC family; HilD (gi|4455108). (309 aa)
iagBInvasion protein IAGB precursor. (SW:IAGB_SALTY); Belongs to the IagB/IpgF/P19 family. (160 aa)
sptPProtein tyrosine phosphate; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein includes tyrosine phosphatase and GTPase activating protein (GAP) activities. After bacterial internalization, GAP mediates the reversal of the cytoskeletal changes induced by SopE. This function is independent of its tyrosine phosphatase activity, which remains unclear. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the YopE family. (543 aa)
sipACell invasion protein; Actin-binding protein that interferes with host cell actin cytoskeleton. It stimulates actin polymerization and counteracts F- actin destabilizing proteins. Potentiates SipC activity; both are required for an efficient bacterial internalization. In vitro, forms a complex with host cell protein T-plastin increasing actin bundling. It inhibits ADF/cofilin-directed depolymerization both by preventing binding of ADF and cofilin and by displacing them from F-actin. Also protects F-actin from gelsolin-directed severing and reanneals gelsolin-severed F-actin fragments; [...] (685 aa)
sipDCell invasion protein; Required for translocation of effector proteins via the type III secretion system SPI-1, which is essential for an efficient bacterial internalization. Probably acts by modulating the secretion of SipA, SipB, and SipC. (343 aa)
sipCCell invasion protein; Actin-binding protein that interferes with host cell actin cytoskeleton. Nucleates actin polymerization and condensates actin filaments into cables (bundling). SipA potenciates SipC activity and both are required for an efficient bacterial internalization by the host cell. (409 aa)
spaSSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells; Belongs to the type III secretion exporter family. (356 aa)
invBSurface presentation of antigens; Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. Chaperone specialized in the storage of effectors within the bacterial cytoplasm, maintaining them in a secretion- competent state, and allowing their immediate delivery to target cells upon contact of the bacterium with the host cells. Has been shown to chaperone SopA, SopE, SopE2 and SipA; Belongs to the SpaK family. (135 aa)
invAInvasion protein; Involved in the invasion of the cells of the intestinal epithelium. Could be involved in the translocation of the InvE protein; Belongs to the FHIPEP (flagella/HR/invasion proteins export pore) family. (685 aa)
invEInvasion protein; Involved in the triggering of intracellular events that lead to microbial internalization. These events include increase in calcium level, redistribution of actin microfilaments, and changes in the normal structure of the microvilli. Encoded within the type III secretion system (SPI-1 TTSS), it is essential for the translocation of protein effectors into host cells. Forms a complex with SipB and SipC in the presence of their chaperone SicA. Positively regulates the secretion of SPI-1 TTSS effector proteins SipB, SipC and SipD and negatively influences the secretion of [...] (372 aa)
sopDSecreted protein in the Sop family; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. Contributes to replication in macrophages. Plays a role, cooperatively with SopB, in membrane fission and macropinosome formation during invasion. (317 aa)
tolCOuter membrane channel; Specific tolerance to colicin E1; segregation of daughter chromosomes; role in organic solvent tolerance; similar to E. coli outer membrane channel; specific tolerance to colicin E1; segregation of daughter chromosomes (AAC76071.1); Blastp hit to AAC76071.1 (495 aa), 89% identity in aa 1 - 495. (491 aa)
bacABacitracin resistance; Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP). Confers resistance to bacitracin; Belongs to the UppP family. (274 aa)
oatPutative acetylornithine aminotransferase; Catalyzes the aminotransferase reaction from putrescine to 2- oxoglutarate, leading to glutamate and 4-aminobutanal, which spontaneously cyclizes to form 1-pyrroline. This is the first step in one of two pathways for putrescine degradation, where putrescine is converted into 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyrate or GABA) via 4- aminobutanal. Also functions as a cadaverine transaminase in a a L- lysine degradation pathway to succinate that proceeds via cadaverine, glutarate and L-2-hydroxyglutarate. (429 aa)
misLPutative autotransported protein; Pathogenicity island encoded protein: SPI3; MisL (gi|4324610). (955 aa)
trxAThioredoxin 1; Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions; Belongs to the thioredoxin family. (109 aa)
soxSTranscriptional activator of superoxide response regulon; Transcriptional activator of the superoxide response regulon of E.coli that includes at least 10 genes such as sodA, nfo, zwf and micF. Binds the DNA sequence 5'-GCACN(7)CAA-3'. It also facilitates the subsequent binding of RNA polymerase to the micF and the nfo promoters (By similarity). (107 aa)
soxRRedox-sensing transcriptional activator SoxR; Activates the transcription of the soxS gene which itself controls the superoxide response regulon. SoxR contains a 2Fe-2S iron- sulfur cluster that may act as a redox sensor system that recognizes superoxide. The variable redox state of the Fe-S cluster is employed in vivo to modulate the transcriptional activity of SoxR in response to specific types of oxidative stress (By similarity). (152 aa)
basSSensory kinase in two-component regulatory system with BasR; Member of the two-component regulatory system BasS/BasR. Autophosphorylates and activates BasR by phosphorylation. Plays a role in the adaptation of the organism to the host environment, in particular to neutrophils, and therefore it plays a role in virulence as well. (356 aa)
basRResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with BasS; Member of the two-component regulatory system BasS/BasR. BasR induces the transcription of the ugd, ais, arnBCADTEF and eptA-basRS loci, all involved in resistance to polymyxin. Represses the transcription of pmrD. Plays a role in the adaptation of the organism to the host environment, in particular to neutrophils, and therefore it plays a role in virulence as well. (222 aa)
acrBSimilar to E. coli acridine efflux pump (AAC73564.1); Blastp hit to AAC73564.1 (1049 aa), 94% identity in aa 1 - 1048. (1049 aa)
acrASimilar to E. coli acridine efflux pump (AAC73565.1); Blastp hit to AAC73565.1 (397 aa), 91% identity in aa 1 - 397; Belongs to the membrane fusion protein (MFP) (TC 8.A.1) family. (397 aa)
fimAMajor type 1 subunit fimbrin (pilin); Fimbriae (also called pili), polar filaments radiating from the surface of the bacterium to a length of 0.5-1.5 micrometers and numbering 100-300 per cell, enable bacteria to colonize the epithelium of specific host organs; Belongs to the fimbrial protein family. (185 aa)
fimCPeriplasmic chaperone, required for type 1 fimbriae; Required for the biogenesis of type 1 fimbriae. Binds and interact with FimH; Belongs to the periplasmic pilus chaperone family. (230 aa)
fimZFimbrial protein Z; Putative transcriptional regulator (LuxR/UhpA family); fimbriae Z protein. (SW:FIMZ_SALTY). (210 aa)
sopBPathogenicity island encoded protein: SPI5; Converts phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns 3,4,5-P3) to PtdIns 3-P and prevents the transition of PtdIns 3-P to PtdIns 3,5-P2. It is one of the known effectors injected by Salmonella into the host cell and is required for invasion and for an efficient generation and maintenance of Salmonella-containing vacuole (SVC). Alteration of the phosphoinositide composition of the plasma membrane causes membrane ruffling and actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. The persistence of PtdIns 3-P diverts the SCV from the endocytic pathway resulti [...] (561 aa)
scsCSuppression of copper sensitivity protein; Suppressor for copper-sensitivity C (gi|2327005). (207 aa)
csgDPutative transcriptional regulator; Necessary for transcription of the csgAB operon. May have the capability to respond to starvation and/or high cell density by activating csgBA transcription (By similarity). (216 aa)
phoPResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with PhoQ; Member of the two-component regulatory system PhoP/PhoQ which regulates the expression of genes involved in virulence, adaptation to acidic and low Mg(2+) environments and resistance to host defense antimicrobial peptides. Essential for intramacrophage survival of S.typhimurium. In low periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ phosphorylates PhoP, resulting in the expression of PhoP-activated genes (PAG) and repression of PhoP-repressed genes (PRG). In high periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ dephosphorylates phospho-PhoP, resulting in the repressio [...] (224 aa)
envFPutative envelope lipoprotein; Probable lipoprotein ENVF precursor (SW:ENVF_SALTY). (262 aa)
envEPutative envelope protein; Probable lipoprotein ENVE precursor. (SW:ENVE_SALTY). (173 aa)
ssaBSecretion system apparatus protein; Virulence protein that plays a central role in mammalian macrophage infection, by inhibiting phagosome-lysosome fusion and cellular trafficking. May act by disrupting the function of the mammalian HOOK3 protein, a protein involved in the cellular traffic. (133 aa)
sseCSecretion system effector; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. May act as a translocator that mediates translocation of SPI-2 TTSS effector proteins from intraphagosomal bacterial cells into the host cells. (484 aa)
sseDSecretion system effector; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. May act as a translocator that mediates translocation of SPI-2 TTSS effector proteins from intraphagosomal bacterial cells into the host cells. (195 aa)
ydhEPutative MATE family transport protein; Multidrug efflux pump that functions probably as a Na(+)/drug antiporter; Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family. MdtK subfamily. (457 aa)
marAAraC/XylS family transcriptional activator of defense systems; May be a transcriptional activator of genes involved in the multiple antibiotic resistance (Mar) phenotype. It can also activate genes such as sodA, zwf and micF. (144 aa)
sopE2TypeIII-secreted protein effector: invasion-associated protein; Activator for CDC42 by directly engaging this Rho GTPase and acting as potent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). This activation results in actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and stimulates membrane ruffling, promoting bacterial entry into non-phagocytic cells. Also activates NF-kB, p38 and ERK kinases, which are known to be involved in the induction of IL-8 expression. Chaperone InvB is required for secretion, translocation and stabilization of intracellular levels of sopE2. (240 aa)
sdiALuxR/UhpA family; similar to E. coli transcriptional regulator of ftsQAZ gene cluster (AAC74983.1); Blastp hit to AAC74983.1 (240 aa), 71% identity in aa 1 - 240. (240 aa)
fliZPutative regulator of FliA; May regulate sigma factor activity. (183 aa)
fliCFlagellar biosynthesis; Flagellin is the subunit protein which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. (495 aa)
fliTPossible export chaperone for FliD; Dual-function protein that regulates the transcription of class 2 flagellar operons and that also acts as an export chaperone for the filament-capping protein FliD. As a transcriptional regulator, acts as an anti-FlhDC factor; it directly binds FlhC, thus inhibiting the binding of the FlhC/FlhD complex to class 2 promoters, resulting in decreased expression of class 2 flagellar operons. As a chaperone, effects FliD transition to the membrane by preventing its premature polymerization, and by directing it to the export apparatus. Belongs to the FliT family. (122 aa)
sopASecreted effector protein of Salmonella; Effector proteins function to alter host cell physiology and promote bacterial survival in host tissues. This protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that interferes with host's ubiquitination pathway. Required for inducing polymorphonuclear leukocytes migration across the intestinal epithelium. Preferentially uses host UBE2D1 (UBCH5A), UBE2D2 (UBCH5B) and UBE2L3 (UBCH7) as E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. (782 aa)
rtnPutative membrane protein involved in resistance to lambda and N4 phages; Similar to E. coli orf, hypothetical protein (AAC75237.1); Blastp hit to AAC75237.1 (518 aa), 70% identity in aa 1 - 518. (518 aa)
shdAC-terminal region of AIDA-like protein; IcsA; subspecies I specific; Peyer's patch colonization and shedding factor; ShdA (gi|5107805). (2039 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Salmonella enterica Typhimurium
NCBI taxonomy Id: 99287
Other names: S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2-LTL2, Salmonella typhimurium LT2
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