N-acetylaspartylglutamate synthase A; Catalyzes the synthesis of N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate (NAAG) and N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamyl-L-glutamate.

Beta-citrylglutamate synthase B; Catalyzes the synthesis of beta-citryl-L-glutamate and N- acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate. Beta-citryl-L-glutamate is synthesized more efficiently than N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate. Belongs to the RimK family.

Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2; Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked- acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri- alpha-glutamate peptides (By similarity). In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N- aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate.

Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing].

Putative aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic 2; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic; Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S via the action of 3-m [...]

Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Important for metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol. Facilitates cellular uptake of long-chain free fatty acids.

Isoaspartyl peptidase/L-asparaginase alpha chain; Has both L-asparaginase and beta-aspartyl peptidase activity. May be involved in the production of L-aspartate, which can act as an excitatory neurotransmitter in some brain regions. Is highly active with L-Asp beta-methyl ester. Besides, has catalytic activity toward beta-aspartyl dipeptides and their methyl esters, including beta-L-Asp- L-Phe, beta-L-Asp-L-Phe methyl ester (aspartame), beta-L-Asp-L-Ala, beta-L-Asp-L-Leu and beta-L-Asp-L-Lys. Does not have aspartylglucosaminidase activity and is inactive toward GlcNAc-L-Asn. Likewise, [...]

Argininosuccinate synthase; One of the enzymes of the urea cycle, the metabolic pathway transforming neurotoxic amonia produced by protein catabolism into inocuous urea in the liver of ureotelic animals. Catalyzes the formation of arginosuccinate from aspartate, citrulline and ATP and together with ASL it is responsible for the biosynthesis of arginine in most body tissues.