Conserved hypothetical protein; Upon coexpression in E.coli stimulates the diadenylate cyclase activity of CdaA about 20-fold. In B.subtilis c-di-AMP is a second messenger that mediates growth, DNA repair and cell wall homeostasis; it is toxic when present in excess.

Putative membrane associate hydrolase; Probably has phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity against cyclic- di-AMP (c-di-AMP); may be the major c-di-AMP PDE in the cell. In B.subtilis c-di-AMP is a second messenger that mediates growth, DNA repair and cell wall homeostasis; it is toxic when present in excess.

Phosphodiesterase acting on cyclic dinucleotides; Has phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity against cyclic-di-AMP (c-di-AMP) and to a much lesser extent against cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) in the DHH/DHHA1 domains. Also has ATPase activity, probably via the GGDEF domain. Overexpression leads to increased sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and H(2)O(2). Overexpression leads to extreme sensitivity to the beta-lactam antibiotic cefuroxime (CEF), probably dependent on PDE activity. May monitor cellular heme or NO levels. In B.subtilis c-di-AMP is a second messenger that mediates growth, [...]

Putative metabolite transporter; High-affinity potassium transporter.

anti-sigma(W) factor; The anti-sigma factor for extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor sigma-W (SigW). Holds SigW, its cognate ECF sigma factor, in an inactive form until released by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). SigW and RsiW mediate cell response to cell wall stress. RIP occurs when an extracytoplasmic signal triggers a concerted proteolytic cascade to transmit information and elicit cellular responses. The membrane-spanning regulatory substrate protein is first cut periplasmically (site-1 protease, S1P, PrsW) , then within the membrane itself (site-2 protease, S2P [...]

Potassium uptake protein; Catalytic subunit of the KtrAB potassium uptake transporter. The 2 major potassium transporter complexes KtrAB and KtrCD confer resistance to both suddenly imposed and prolonged osmotic stress.

Conserved hypothetical protein; Binds cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) and is probably involved in c- di-AMP-mediated signaling pathways. In vitro, can also bind cyclic GMP- AMP (3'3'-cGAMP), with lower affinity, but not c-di-GMP or 2'3'-cGAMP.

DNA repair protein; DNA-dependent ATPase involved in processing of recombination intermediates, plays a role in repairing DNA breaks. Stimulates the branch migration of RecA-mediated strand transfer reactions, allowing the 3' invading strand to extend heteroduplex DNA faster. Binds ssDNA in the presence of ADP but not other nucleotides, has ATPase activity that is stimulated by ssDNA and various branched DNA structures, but inhibited by SSB. Does not have RecA's homology-searching function.

RNA polymerase ECF(extracytoplasmic function)-type sigma factor W; Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. Sigma-W controls genes involved in response to cell envelope stress such as antimicrobial peptides , alkaline pH , transport processes and detoxification.