DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega; Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C- terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits.

DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

RNA polymerase sigma factor; Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is the primary sigma factor during exponential growth.

DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

RNA polymerase sigma factor; Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is involved in regulation of expression of heat shock genes.

Transcription elongation factor GreA; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides.

Carbon storage regulator; A key translational regulator that binds mRNA to regulate translation initiation and/or mRNA stability. Mediates global changes in gene expression, shifting from rapid growth to stress survival by linking envelope stress, the stringent response and the catabolite repression systems. Usually binds in the 5'-UTR; binding at or near the Shine-Dalgarno sequence prevents ribosome-binding, repressing translation, binding elsewhere in the 5'-UTR can activate translation and/or stabilize the mRNA. Its function is antagonized by small RNA(s).

Transcription antitermination protein; Participates in transcription elongation, termination and antitermination. In the absence of Rho, increases the rate of transcription elongation by the RNA polymerase (RNAP), probably by partially suppressing pausing. In the presence of Rho, modulates most Rho-dependent termination events by interacting with the RNAP to render the complex more susceptible to the termination activity of Rho. May be required to overcome a kinetic limitation of Rho to function at certain terminators. Also involved in ribosomal RNA transcriptional antitermination; Bel [...]