Ferritin Dps family protein; During stationary phase, binds the chromosome non- specifically, forming a highly ordered and stable dps-DNA co-crystal within which chromosomal DNA is condensed and protected from diverse damages. It protects DNA from oxidative damage by sequestering intracellular Fe(2+) ion and storing it in the form of Fe(3+) oxyhydroxide mineral, which can be released after reduction. One hydrogen peroxide oxidizes two Fe(2+) ions, which prevents hydroxyl radical production by the Fenton reaction; Belongs to the Dps family.

ATP-dependent chaperone ClpB; Part of a stress-induced multi-chaperone system, it is involved in the recovery of the cell from heat-induced damage, in cooperation with DnaK, DnaJ and GrpE; Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family.

leucyl/phenylalanyl-tRNA/protein transferase; Functions in the N-end rule pathway of protein degradation where it conjugates Leu, Phe and, less efficiently, Met from aminoacyl- tRNAs to the N-termini of proteins containing an N-terminal arginine or lysine.

Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase; Oxidizes proline to glutamate for use as a carbon and nitrogen source; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the proline dehydrogenase family.

Integration host factor, alpha subunit; This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control. Belongs to the bacterial histone-like protein family.

ATP-dependent Clp protease, ATP-binding subunit ClpX; ATP-dependent specificity component of the Clp protease. It directs the protease to specific substrates. Can perform chaperone functions in the absence of ClpP.

Putrescine aminotransferase; Catalyzes the aminotransferase reaction from putrescine to 2- oxoglutarate, leading to glutamate and 4-aminobutanal, which spontaneously cyclizes to form 1-pyrroline. This is the first step in one of two pathways for putrescine degradation, where putrescine is converted into 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyrate or GABA) via 4- aminobutanal. Also functions as a cadaverine transaminase in a a L- lysine degradation pathway to succinate that proceeds via cadaverine, glutarate and L-2-hydroxyglutarate.

PFAM: peptidase S14 ClpP; KEGG: ecf:ECH74115_3134 putative phage portal protein, lambda family; Belongs to the peptidase S14 family.

ATP-dependent Clp protease, proteolytic subunit ClpP; Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. Belongs to the peptidase S14 family.